A nested case-control study of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in a Chinese population

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between cases and controls (Hunan, China, 2005-2006)

Research factor	Cases number (%)	Controls number (%)
Education of mother
< College	81 (57.45)	57 (40.43)
> College	60 (42.55)	84 (59.57)
Income (yuan/mo)
< 1500	90 (63.83)	92 (65.25)
> 1500	51 (36.17)	49 (34.75)
First-degree family history
No	69 (48.94)	107 (75.89)
Yes	72 (51.06)	34 (24.11)
Liver function
Normal	99 (70.21)	117 (82.98)
Abnormal	42 (29.79)	24 (17.02)
Systematic treatment
No	119 (84.40)	94 (66.67)
Yes	22 (15.60)	47 (33.33)
EHP
No	127 (90.07)	133 (94.33)
Yes	14 (9.93)	8 (5.67)
Intrahepatic cholestasis
No	101 (71.63)	121 (85.82)
Yes	40 (28.37)	20 (14.18)
Premature rupture of membranes
No	99 (70.21)	119 (84.40)
Yes	42 (29.79)	22 (15.60)
Anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection
No	100 (70.92)	68 (48.23)
Yes	41 (29.08)	73 (51.77)
Fetal distress
No	68 (48.23)	91 (64.54)
Yes	73 (51.77)	50 (35.46)

EHP: Edema hypertension proteinuria syndrome.

Table 2 Determinants of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (Hunan, China, 2005-2006)

Research factor	OR (95% CI)
	Single factors analysis	Adjust
Education of mother
< College	Reference	Reference
> College	0.50 (0.31-0.81)	1.17 (0.56-2.45)
Income (yuan/mo)
< 1500	Reference	Reference
> 1500	1.06 (0.65-1.73)	1.16 (0.72-1.87)
First-degree family history
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	3.28 (1.98-5.46)	2.84 (1.47-5.48)
Liver function
Normal	Reference	Reference
Abnormal	2.07 (1.17-3.65)	1.11 (0.48-2.55)
Systematic treatment
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	0.36 (0.21-0.66)	0.36 (0.17-0.76)
EHP
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	1.83 (0.74-4.52)	0.88 (0.28-2.75)
Intrahepatic cholestasis
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	2.40 (1.32-4.36)	2.71 (1.01-7.27)
Premature rupture of membranes
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	2.29 (1.28-4.10)	2.25 (1.08-4.68)
Anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	0.38 (0.23-0.62)	0.27 (0.12-0.59)
Fetal distress
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	1.95 (1.21-3.15)	1.70 (0.93-3.10)

OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence intervals; EHP: Edema hypertension proteinuria syndrome.