Contrast-enhanced multiple-phase imaging features in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

Table 1 Radiological findings of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE)

Cases	Sex	Age (yr)	Total lesion (n)	Plain CT findings of HEHE	Pre-enhanced MRI of HEHE	CEMP imaging findings of HEHE		Radiological findings of extra-hepatic lesions
						Lesions of target sign with peripheral progressive enhancement (n)	Lesions of central or lamellar progressive enhancement (n)
Case 1 multifocal-type (Figure 1)	Male	27	42	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions with 1 coalescence and 13 target sign	No MRI obtained	42	0	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 2 multifocal-type	Female	30	14	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions with 1 coalescence and 5 target sign	All lesions showing hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI with 14 target sign	3 (CT), 14 (MRI)	3 (CT), 14 (MRI)	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 3 multifocal-type	Female	28	2	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions	No MRI obtained	2 (CT), 2 (MRI)	2 (CT), 2 (MRI)	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 4 multifocal-type	Female	53	4	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions	No MRI obtained	4 (CT)	0	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 5 multifocal-type (Figure 2)	Female	48	10	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions with 1 coalescence	All lesions showing hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI with 10 target sign, and 5 hyperintense with peripheral hypointense on DWI	10 (CT), 10 (MRI)	4 (CT), 10 (MRI)	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 6 multifocal-type	Female	56	2	All discrete, peripheral, low-attenuation lesions, with compensatory hypertrophy in the left lobe of liver	No MRI obtained	0	2 (CT)	Pleural effusion in both sides
Case 7 multifocal-type (Figure 3)	Male	60	2	No CT obtained	Two lesions showing hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI, and 1 hyperintense with peripheral hypointense on DWI	1 (MRI)	2 (MRI)	No extra-hepatic lesions
Case 8 diffuse –type (Figure 4)	Female	48	Diffuse	Diffuse hepatomegaly with a slightly hyperdense nodule	Diffuse hepatomegaly with a nodule appearing isointense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI	Diffuse hepatomegaly with a nodule appearing persistent enhancement		Splenomegaly and ascites

HEHE: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma; CEMP: Contrast-enhanced multiple-phases; n: Number; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; DWI: Diffusion weighted imaging.