Long-term result of endoscopic Histoacryl® (N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) injection for treatment of gastric varices

Table 1 Baseline characteristics-127 patients treated with Histoacryl^® -injection therapy

Clinical characteristics of patients	Number	%
No. of patients (male/female)	127(97/30)	76.4/23.6
Mean age (yr)	55.69
Etiology of gastric varices
Liver cirrhosis	127	100
Hepatitis B	50	39.3
Hepatitis C	10	7.9
Alcoholic	48	37.8
Unknown	19	15
Association of hepatocellular carcinoma	21	16.5
Child-pugh classification (A/B/C)	42/59/26	33.1/46.4/20.5
Bleeding status
< 24 h	48	37.8
> 24 h	52	41
Prevention	27	21.2
Sarin classification of gastro-esophageal varices
GOV1	56	44.1
GOV2	61	48
IGV1	8	6.3
IGV2	2	1.6
Form of gastric varices
F1	15	12
F2	56	44.4
F3	55	43.6

GOV: Gastro-esophageal varices; IGV: Isolated gastric varices.

Table 2 Baseline Characteristics-27 patients who underwent primary prophylaxis

Clinical characteristics	Number	%
No. of patients (male/female)	27(21/6)	71.4/28.6
Mean age (yr)	55.29
Etiology of gastric varices
Liver cirrhosis	27	100
Hepatitis B	14	51.9
Hepatitis C	3	11.1
Alcoholic	6	22.2
Unknown	4	14.8
Association of hepatocellular carcinoma	5	18.5
Child-Pugh classification (A/B/C)	12/11/4	44.4/40.7/14.9
Sarin classification of gastro-esophageal varices
GOV1	15	55.6
GOV2	10	37
IGV1	2	7.4
IGV2	0	0
Form of gastric varices
F1	3	11.1
F2	9	33.3
F3	15	55.6

GOV: Gastro-esophageal varices; IGV: Isolated gastric varices.

Table 3 Results of 127 Histoacryl^®-injection patients

Result of Histoacryl® injection	Number	%
No. of sessions
1	98	77.1
2	25	19.7
3-5 (3/5)	4 (3/1)	3.2
Mean number of sessions	1.3 ± 0.6
Mean injection volume (cc)	1.7 ± 1.3
Initial hemostasis	125	98.4
Number of rebleeding	29	22.8
Duration of rebleeding
< 5 d	4	3.1
< 6 wk	10	7.9
< 1 yr	9	7.1
Successful hemostasis of rebleeding	22	73.9

Table 4 Results of 27 patients with primary prophylaxis

Result of Histoacryl® injection	Number	%
No. of sessions
1	21	77.8
2	4	14.8
3-5 (3/5)	2 (1/1)	3.7/3.7
Mean number of sessions	1.37
Mean injection volume (cc)	2.1
Number of patients	27
Death	4	14.8
Hepatic failure	3	11.1
Hepatocellular carcinoma	1	3.7
Prophylactic treatment- related complication	0	0

Table 5 Complications of Histoacryl^® injection

Complications	Number
Pulmonary embolism	1
Adrenal abscess	2
Splenic infarction	1
Bacteremia	2
Fever	44
Abdominal pain	22

Table 6 Predictive factors of rebleeding within 1 year

Clinical characteristics	Rebleeding	Non rebleeding	P
Sex			0.597
Male	17	80
Female	6	24
Etiology			0.707
Hepatitis B	11	39
Hepatitis C	2	8
Alcoholic	6	6
Unknown	4	4
Association of hepatocellular carcinoma			0.000
Yes	9	12
No	14	92
Sarin classification of gastro-esophageal varices			0.009
GOV1	8	48
GOV2	15	46
Form of gastric varices			0.269
F1	1	14
F2	11	45
F3	11	44
Duration			0.815
< 24 h	17	80
> 24 h	6	24
CTP grade			0.230
A	6	36
B	9	52
C	8	16

GOV: Gastro-esophageal varices.