Even low-grade inflammation impacts on small intestinal function

Table 1 Summary of in vivo evidence of changes in small intestinal function induced by inflammation markers

Alterations in intestinal	Inflammation model
	TBI	IBD, colitis	Chronic heart failure with low-grade inflammation
Morphology	A, H	A?, H?	H
Permeability	A	A, H?	H
Motility	A
Absorption	A	A, H	H

Most observations in this summary are, however, from a single study. TBI: Traumatic brain injury; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; A: Evidence from animal studies; H: Evidence from clinical studies; ?: Conflicting results.