Staging systems for predicting survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery

Table 1 Definition and criteria of Chinese staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (1999)

Stage	Tumor	Thrombi	CLN metastasis	Distant metastasis	Child-Pughscore
Ia	Solitary ≤ 3 cm	No	No	No	A
Ib	Solitary or two ≤ 5 cm in single lobe	No	No	No	A
IIa	Solitary or two ≤ 10 cm in single lobe, or two ≤ 5 cm in bilateral lobes	No	No	No	A
IIb	Solitary or two > 10 cm in single lobe, or two > 5 cm in bilateral lobes	No	No	No	A
	Any	PV-branch, HV or BD	No	No	A
	Any	No	No	No	B
IIIa	Any	PV-trunk or IVC	Yes/No	Yes/No	A/B
	Any	Yes/No	Yes	Yes/No	A/B
	Any	Yes/No	Yes/No	Yes	A/B
IIIb	Any	Yes/No	Yes/No	Yes/No	C

CLN: Celiac lymph nodes; PV: Portal vein; HV: Hepatic vein; BD: Bile duct; IVC: Inferior vena cava.

Table 2 Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients enrolled in this study

Characteristics	n (%)
Sex
Male	380 (86.8)
Female	58 (13.2)
Age (yr)
≤ 50	235 (53.6)
> 50	203 (46.4)
Child-Pugh score
Class A	391 (89.3)
Class B	47 (10.7)
Tumor number
Single	374 (85.4)
Two	29 (6.6)
Multiple	35 (8)
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5	166 (37.9)
> 5	272 (62.1)
Tumor location
Single lobe	389 (88.8)
Bilateral lobes	49 (11.2)
Capsular invasion
With	346 (79)
Without	92 (21)
Vascular invasion
With	84 (19.2)
Without	354 (80.8)
Lymph node metastasis
With	11 (2.5)
Without	427 (97.5)
Extra-hepatic metastasis
With	7 (1.6)
Without	431 (98.4)
Histological grade
G1	129 (29.5)
G2	188 (42.9)
G3	121 (27.6)

Table 3 Overall survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma patients according to their tumor stage

Tumor stage	n	Survival rate (%)
		1-yr	3-yr	5-yr
CS
I	132	0.916	0.760	0.693
II	265	0.622	0.426	0.281
III	41	0.330	0.126	0.126
TNM
I	271	0.825	0.652	0.548
II	67	0.521	0.354	0.216
III	82	0.437	0.235	0.153
IV	18	0.278	/	/
BCLC
A	178	0.870	0.678	0.602
B	165	0.756	0.574	0.402
C	95	0.375	0.182	0.142

CS: Chinese staging; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; BCLC: Barcelona clinic liver cancer.

Table 4 Accuracy of three staging systems for the death of hepatocellular carcinoma patients 1, 3 and 5 years after partial hepatectomy

System	AUC (95% CI)
	1-yr death	3-yr death	5-yr death
CS	0.709 (0.658-0.761)	0.703 (0.645-0.761)	0.720 (0.648-0.791)
TNM	0.718 (0.662-0.774)	0.702 (0.646-0.759)	0.695 (0.629-0.760)
BCLC	0.730 (0.675-0.785)	0.701 (0.644-0.757)	0.710 (0.645-0.776)

AUC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI: Confidence interval; CS: Chinese staging; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; BCLC: Barcelona clinic liver cancer.