Hepatitis B virus infection and renal transplantation

Table 1 Frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen-positivity in renal transplant recipients

Authors	HBsAg rate, % (n)	Reference year	Country of origin
Hu et al[10]	20.9 (14/67)	1994	Taiwan (China)
Mathurin et al[3]1	15.3 (128/834)	1999	France
Lee et al[4]	12.9 (62/477)	2001	Taiwan (China)
Chan et al[30]	13.2 (67/509)	2002	Hong Kong (China)
Morales et al[8]2	2.2 (76/3365)	2004	Spain
Aroldi et al[20]	14.2 (77/541)	2005	Italy
Santos et al[7]3	3 (37/1224)	2009	Portugal
Tsai et al[9]	9.2 (51/554)	2009	Taiwan (China)

¹Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 24.2% before 1982 and 9.1% after 1982 (P < 0.001); ²Prevalence of HBsAg was 3.0% in 1990 and 2.0% in 1998; ³Prevalence of HBsAg was 6.2% in 1994, 4.1% in 1998, 3.2% in 2002, and 2.3% in 2006.

Table 2 Efficacy summary of antiviral monotherapy in renal transplant recipients with hepatitis B virus infection

Antiviral agent	Authors	Reference year	Patients	Duration (mo)	Biochemical response1 (%)	Virological response2 (%)	Resistance (%)
Lamivudine	Rostaing et al[73]	1997	6	6	4/5 (80)	6/6 (100)	0
	Jung et al[74]	1998	6	8	6/6 (100)	6/6 (100)	0
	Fontaine et al[75]	2000	26	16	NA	26/26 (100)	8/26 (31)
	Lee et al[82]	2001	13	12	NA	10/13 (77)	1/4 (25)
	Park et al[83]	2001	10	35	8/10 (80)	7/10 (70)	1/10 (10)
	Chan et al[30]	2002	26	32	14/14 (100)	26/26 (100)	11/26 (42)
	Thabut et al[95]	2004	14	65	8/14 (57)	14/14 (100)	8/14 (57)
	Kamar et al[96]	2004	18	37	13/18 (72)	6/18 (33)	12/18 (67)
Adefovir	Fontaine et al[90]	2005	11 (LAM-R)	15	9/11 (82)	1 (9)	0
Entecavir	Kamar et al[92]	2008	8 (ADV-R)	16	NA	5/8 (63)	NA

¹Biochemical response was calculated at the end of the treatment as alanine aminotransferase normalization;

²Virological response was calculated as the disappearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia at the end of the treatment. HBV DNA was quantified in all studies by non-polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR), hybridization techniques with a limit ranging being 5-6 log₁₀ copies/mL, except for the studies by Thabut, Kamar, Gwak and Fontaine (2005) who used a PCR-based assay. LAM-R: Lamivudine-resistance; ADV-R: Adefovir-resistance; NA: Not available.