Quality of life after curative liver resection: A single center analysis

Table 1 Demographics, indications and type of resection

	n = 96	100%
Median age (yr)	63.4	IQR: 54.5-70.5
Male/female	48/48	50/50
Primary malignant	21	21.9
Hepatocellular carcinoma	12	12.5
Cholangiocellular carcinoma	8	8.3
Gallbladder carcinoma	1	1.0
Metastatic	55	57.3
Colorectal	38	39.6
Other	17	17.7
Benign	20	20.8
Adenoma	4	4.2
Focal nodular hyperplasia	6	6.3
Cysts	1	1.0
Echinococcus	3	3.1
Haemangioma	2	2.1
Other	4	4.2
Major hepatectomy	55	57.3
Right hemi-hepatectomy	35	36.5
Extended right hemi-hepatectomy	3	3.1
Left hemi-hepatectomy	8	8.3
Extended left hemi-hepatectomy	3	3.1
Segmentectomy (n > 2)	6	6.3
Minor hepatectomy	41	42.7
Segmentectomy (n = 1)	23	24.0
Segmentectomy (n = 2)	18	18.8
Concomitant extrahepatic resection	10	10.4

Patients were stratified for demographic data, indications and type of resection. Patients suffering from benign, primary malignant and metastatic liver diseases were included. IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Morbidity and postoperative complications

Complication	Total		Major hepatectomy		Minor hepatectomy
	n = 96	100%	n = 55	100%	n = 41	100%
Total morbidity	30	31.2	20	36.4	10	24.4
Surgical complications	19	19.8	14	25.5	5	12.2
Bile leak/biloma	6	6.3	5	9.1	1	2.4
Pneumothorax	3	3.1	2	3.6	1	2.4
Wound infection	2	2.1	2	3.6	-	-
Abscess (liver)	1	1.0	1	1.8	-	-
Bleeding	1	1.0	1	1.8	-	-
Surgical dehiscence	1	1.0	1	1.8	-	-
Other	5	5.2	2	3.6	3	7.3
Medical complications	19	19.8	11	20.0	8	19.5
Pleural effusion	9	9.4	7	12.7	2	4.9
Renal failure	3	3.1	2	3.6	1	2.4
Hepatic failure	2	2.1	2	3.6	-	-
Pneumonia	2	2.1	-	-	2	4.9
Cardiac insufficiency	1	1.0	-	-	1	2.4
Cholangitis	1	1.0	1	1.8	-	-
Other	3	3.1	3	5.5	-	-
Revision laparotomy	3	3.1	2	3.6	1	2.4

Table 3 Median SF-12 scores

	n	Physical score		Mental score
		Median	IQR	Median	IQR
Total	96	46.7	34.2-53.9	54.1	42.8-58.2
Sex
Male	48	50.9	33.2-54.0	55.0	44.8-58.9
Female	48	44.6	36.3-53.4	52.9	40.9-57.8
Age (yr)
< 41	10	38.5	33.4-50.4	41.8	32.0-54.1
41-50	7	38.6	35.4-46.9	54.4	37.1-62.4
51-60	16	47.4	33.3-54.9	54.6	43.6-59.8
61-70	38	49.8	36.0-54.2	55.3	43.1-58.8
> 70	25	50.8	37.4-53.8	53.4	45.0-57.9
Indicationa
Benign	20	43.5	33.4-54.9	49.2	37.7-56.3
Prim. malignant	22	41.6	32.9-53.1	49.6	36.5-55.1
Metastatic	54	50.6	39.0-54.2	55.9	47.5-58.8
Type of resectionb
Major	55	52.0	39.0-54.4	54.8	43.7-58.5
Minor	41	41.3	31.6-51.0	52.6	38.6-57.9
Morbidity
Yes	30	44.2	29.7-53.8	53.1	43.1-57.8
No	66	50.2	37.4-54.1	54.1	42.4-58.8

Mental and physical SF-12 scores were stratified for sex, age, indication, type of resection and morbidity. Higher SF-12 scores represent better QOL. P values physical/mental scores:

^aP = 0.2966/0.0317 (metastatic vs primary malignant);

^bP = 0.0049/0.4176 (major vs minor resection).

Table 4 Impaired autonomy and wound healing after resection, and median physical and mental scores

	n = 96	Physical score	Mental score
Impairment
None	35	53.8	57.9
Slight	30	43.3	54.4
Moderate	20	43.3	45.4
Heavy	9	33.7	36.9
Strongest	2	21.8	41.6
Autonomy
Independent	90	48.4	54.6
Help neededa	6	28.3	41.6
Wound healing deficiency
Yes	10	33.0	43.0
No	85	46.9	54.8
Not statedb	1	25.8	55.1

Questions on impairments in everyday activities, autonomy and wound healing were included in the survey.

^aP < 0.0008 for physical SF-12 scores, P < 0.0354 for mental SF-12 scores;

^bP = 0.0474 for physical SF-12 scores, P = 0.0062 for mental SF-12 scores.