CT volume measurement for prognostic evaluation of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE

Table 1 Results of univariate Cox regression analysis

Parameter	B	χ2	SE	P	Hazard ratio
Sex	0.319	1.652	0.248	0.199	1.375
Age	-0.006	0.706	0.007	0.401	0.994
Child-Pugh classification	0.546	5.189	0.240	0.023	1.727
Pre-treatment level of AFP	0.204	0.921	0.212	0.337	1.226
Post-treatment level of AFP	-0.931	11.238	0.278	0.001	0.394
Times of repeated TACE	-0.507	20.734	0.111	< 0.001	0.602
Number of lesions	-0.218	0.954	0.223	0.329	0.804
Pattern of tumor growth	0.743	16.507	0.183	< 0.001	2.102
Tumor largest diameter	0.132	31.708	0.023	< 0.001	1.141
Tumor product of diameters	0.009	30.972	0.002	< 0.001	1.009
TV	0.001	38.448	0.000	< 0.001	1.001
TTLVR	0.662	44.113	0.100	< 0.001	1.938
Portal vein cancerous thrombus	0.304	16.869	0.074	< 0.001	1.355
Tumor metastasis	0.287	10.160	0.090	0.001	1.333
The degree of lipiodol retention	0.336	15.208	0.086	< 0.001	1.399
TSR	0.286	13.014	0.079	< 0.001	1.331
PEI	0.739	3.120	0.418	0.077	2.094

B: Regression coefficient; AFP: α-fetoprotein; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; TV: Tumor volume; TTLVR: Tumor to liver volume ratio; TSR: Tumor shrinkage ratio; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection.

Table 2 Enter factors of multivariable Cox regression analysis

Parameter	B	χ2	SE	P	Hazard ratio
Post-treatment level of AFP	-0.731	5.416	0.314	0.020	0.481
Times of repeated TACE	-0.597	8.746	0.202	0.003	0.550
TTLVR	0.765	14.328	0.202	< 0.001	2.150
Portal vein cancerous thrombosis	0.340	5.643	0.143	0.018	1.405

Method: Forward stepwise (likelihood ratio).

Table 3 Cumulative survival ratios of different TTLVR subgroups

Subgroup	Cumulative survival rate (%)					Median survival (mo)	Mean survival (mo)
	6 mo	12 mo	24 mo	36 mo	60 mo
0%-25%	90.54	77.03	37.68	26.56	16.30	18	28
25%-50%	88.89	48.89	18.72	8.92	4.04	12	16
50%-70%	54.55	18.18	6.06	3.03	0.00	7	10
≥ 70%	37.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6	6

Significant differences in survival were recognized for cumulative survival ratios of different TTLVR subgroups by log rank test: 0％-25% vs 25%-50% (χ² = 9.1, P = 0.003), 0％-25% vs 50%-70% (χ² = 33.71, P < 0.001), 0%-25% vs≥ 70% (χ² = 38.98, P < 0.001), 25%-50% vs 50％-70% (χ² = 9.08, P = 0.003), 25%-50% vs≥ 70% (χ² = 22.91, P < 0.001), 50%-70% vs≥ 70% (χ² = 1.71, P = 0.19).

Table 4 Correlations between largest tumor diameter, tumor product of the greatest axial dimension, TV, and TTLVR

Parameter	Tumor largest diameter	Tumor product of diameters	TV
TTLVR	0.836	0.842	0.897
Tumor largest diameter		0.976	0.916
Tumor product of diameters			0.928

Largest tumor diameter vs TTLVR (r = 0.836, P < 0.001), tumor product of the greatest axial dimension vs TTLVR (r = 0.842, P < 0.001), TV vs TTLVR (r = 0.897, P < 0.001), largest tumor diameter vs tumor product of the greatest axial dimension (r = 0.976, P < 0.001), largest tumor diameter vs TV (r = 0.916, P < 0.001), tumor product of the greatest axial dimension vs TV (r = 0.928, P < 0.001).