Different profiles of cytokine expression during mild and severe acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Differences in clinical course of mild and severe acute pancreatitis (mean ± SD/count)

Clinical severity scores and patient characteristics	Mild AP	Severe AP	P
Apache II (score)	3.6 ± 1.9	11.6 ± 4.7	< 0.01
Imrie-Glasgow (score)	2.2 ± 1.2	4.4 ± 1.5	< 0.01
MODS (score)	1.1 ± 1.3	4.3 ± 3.4	< 0.01
Necrotizing AP (count)	16	36	< 0.01
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	91.8 ± 18.7	152.9 ± 21.5	< 0.01
Necrosis volume > 30% (count)	8	26	< 0.01
Infectious complications (count)1	2	12	< 0.01
Presence of MOF (count)	0	18	< 0.01
Need for surgery (count)2	1	5	0.06
ICU stay (d)	1.0 ± 1.0	9.0 ± 2.0	< 0.05
Total hospital stay (d)	12.0 ± 1.0	19.0 ± 3.0	< 0.05
Number of early deaths (< 2 wk)	0	9	< 0.01
Number of late deaths (> 2 wk)	0	5	< 0.01

¹Infectious complications: proven sepsis, infected pancreatic necrosis, lung and urinary infection;

²Need for surgery: fasciotomy for intraabdominal compartment syndrome and/or necrosectomy. AP: Acute pancreatitis; MOF: Multiple organ failure; ICU: Intensive care unit.

Table 2 Serum IL-6 and MIF are significant discriminators between groups of AP patients

Step	Entered	Wilks’ Lambda
		Statistic	df1	df2	df3	Exact F
						Statistic	df1	df2	P
Severe vs mild
1	IL-6	0.739	1	1	70.000	24.696	1	70.000	0.000
2	MIF	0.675	2	1	70.000	16.635	2	69.000	0.000
Edematous vs necrotizing
1	IL-6	0.851	1	1	70.000	12.261	1	70.000	0.001
2	MIF1	0.943	1	1	70.000	4.247	1	70.000	0.043
Survivors vs non-survivors
1	IL-6	0.761	1	1	70.000	22.005	1	70.000	0.000
2	MIF	0.709	2	1	70.000	14.153	2	69.000	0.000

¹Not included in the original model using the standard stepwise method due to its low discrimination value. At each step, the variable that minimizes the overall Wilks’ Lambda is entered. IL-6: Interleukin-6; MIF: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor.