Efficacy and safety of transnasal butorphanol for pain relief after anal surgery

Table 1 Patient characteristics (n = 30, mean ± SD)

	Butorphanol group	Meperidine group	P value
Age (yr)	37.70 ± 10.76	38.90 ± 10.89	0.669
Sex (%)			0.778
Male	20 (66.7)	22 (73.3)
Female	10 (33.3)	8 (26.7)
Weight (kg)	62.70 ± 10.29	64.83 ± 12.01	0.463
Height (cm)	164.57 ± 7.03	165.73 ± 7.18	0.528

Table 2 Results (mean ± SD)

Variable	Butorphanol group	Meperidine group	P value
Operative time (min)	46.17 ± 15.59	48.43 ± 10.80	0.515
Frequent of analgesia (times)	3.03 ± 1.67	1.23 ± 0.504	< 0.001
VAS (6 h after surgery)	5.67 ± 0.88	5.77 ± 1.00	0.684
VAS (before analgesia)	8.17 ± 1.66	8.31 ± 1.36	0.719
VAS (after analgesia)	5.93 ± 1.41	5.52 ± 1.12	0.216
VAS (the next morning)	6.13 ± 1.47	5.93 ± 1.14	0.560
Hospital stay (d)	3.63 ± 0.69	3.73 ± 0.74	0.585

Table 3 Adverse effects n (%) (n = 30)

Adverse effect	Butorphanol group	Meperidine group	P value
Any side effect	16 (53.3)	10 (33.3)	0.192
Somnolence	10 (33.3)	5 (16.7)	0.23
Dizziness	6 (20.0)	4 (13.3)	0.73
Nausea	5 (16.7)	4 (13.3)	1.00
Vomiting	2 (6.7)	2 (6.7)	1.00