Squamous cell cancer of the rectum

Table 1 Reported cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum

Study	Age	M/F	Surgery	Adjuvant	Outcome
Raiford[1] (1933)	43	F	Surgery		Dead at 17 mo
Catell et al[2] (1943)	63	M	LAR		Alive at 3.5 yr
Wiener et al[3] (1962)	52	F	APR		Dead at 1 yr
Cabrera et al[4] (1967)	62	F	APR		NR
	50	F			NR
Minkowitz[5] (1967)	49	F	Proctocolectomy		Dead at 5 mo
Williams et al[6] (1979)	45	M	APR		Dead at 9 mo
Vezeridis et al[7] (1983)	56	M	APR		IO death
	44	M	APR		Dead at 9 d
	61	F		EC	Dead at 4 mo
	66	F		5-FU & XRT	Dead at 15 mo
	62	F	APR	Bleo, Vin, Mtx-post	Dead at 13 mo
Lafreniere et al[8] (1985)	60	M	TAE	5FU/MC XRT-post	Alive at 2 yr
Pigott et al[9] (1987)	60	F	APR	XRT-post	Alive at 13 mo
Woods[10] (1987)	57	F	APR		Dead at 3 mo
Prener et al[11] (1988)	43	F	APR		Dead at 1 yr
	77	F	Polypectomy		Dead at 3 yr
	55	F	APR		Alive at 3 yr
	55	M	APR	XRT-post	Dead at 3 mo
	53	M	APR		Dead at 1 yr
Schneider et al[12] (1992)	44	M		5FU/MC & XRT	NR
	69	F	TAE	5FU/MC&XRT-post	Alive at 6 mo
Martinez-Gonzalez et al[13] (1996)	40	M	LAR	5FU & XRT-pre	Alive at 18 mo
Copur et al[14] (2001)	54	M	APR	Chemo& XRT-post	NR
Frizelle et al[15] (2001)			9 cases
Sotlar et al[16] (2001)	87	M	LAR	5FU/MC &XRT	Dead at 20 mo
Gelas et al[17] (2002)	47	F	APR	XRT-pre	Alive at 16 yr
	63	M	APR	5FU/Cis & XRT-IO	Dead at 14 mo
	70	F	APR	XRT	Dead at 18 mo
	93	M	none	XRT	Dead at 4 mo
	45	F	LAR	5FU/Cis-pre & XRT/5FU/FA-post	Alive at 6 mo
	43	F	LAR	5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 2 yr
Anagnostopoulos et al[18] (2005)	75	M	APR	5FU/Cis-post	Alive at 14 mo
Lam et al[19] (2006)	44	F	LAR	XRT-pre	NR
Theodosopoulos et al[20] (2006)	39	F	APR	5FU/MC-pre/post & XRT	Alive at 18 mo
Pikarsky et al[21] (2006)	57	F		5FU/MC & XRT	Alive at 7 yr
Nahas et al[22] (2007)	58	F10/M2		Chemo/XRT-pre	Alive at 2.6 yr
				Chemo/XRT-pre
			TAE	Chemo/XRT-pre
			TAE	Chemo/XRT-pre
			APR	Chemo/XRT-pre
			LAR	Chemo/XRT-pre
			APR	Chemo/XRT-pre
			LAR	Chemo/XRT-pre
			LAR	Chemo/XRT-pre
			APR	Chem/XRT-post
			TAE	Chem/XRT-post
				Chemo-pre
Kong et al[23] (2007)	48	F	TAE	5FU/MC &XRT-post	Alive at 3 yr
	53	F		Oxal, xelo, avastin, carbo, gemzar
Clark et al[24] (2008)	75	M		5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 20 mo
	71	F		5FU/MC & XRT	Alive at 31 mo
	42	F		5FU/MC/Cis & XRT	Alive at 13 mo
	70	M		5FU/MC & XRT	Alive at 14 mo
	55	F	LAR	5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 19 mo
	45	F		Capecitabine/Cis & XRT	Alive at 23 mo
	71	F		5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 5 mo
Rasheed et al[53] (2009)	55	F		5FU/MC & XRT	Alive at 11 yr
	50	M		5FU/MC & XRT	Alive at 7 yr
	69	F		5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 4 yr
	61	M	APR	5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 4 yr
	58	M	APR	5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 2 yr
	41	F		5FU/Cis & XRT	Alive at 2 yr

NR: Not reported; F: Female; M: Male; LAR: Low anterior resection; APR: Abdominoperineal resection; TAE: Transanal excision; Chemo: Chemotherapy; XRT: Radiation therapy; IO: Intraoperative; 5FU: 5-fluorouracil; MC: Mitomycin C; Bleo: Bleomycin; Vin: Vincristine; Cis: Cisplatin; EC: Ethyl [bis (2,2-Dimethyl-L-aziridinyl) Phophinyl] carbamate; MTX: Methotrexate; Oxal: Oxaliplatin; Xelo: Xeloda; Carbo: Carboplatin; FA: Folic acid.

Table 2 TMN classification for squamous cell rectal cancer

Stage	T	N	M
0	Tis	N0	M0
I	T1	N0	M0
	T2	N0	M0
IIA	T3	N0	M0
IIB	T4	N0	M0
IIIA	T1-T2	N1	M0
IIIB	T3-T4	N1	M0
IIIC	Any T	N2	M0
IV	Any T	Any N	M1