Does an association exist between chronic pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis in alcoholic subjects?

Table 1 General characteristic of patients with ACP, ALC or ASA

	ACP (n = 53)	ALC (n = 57)	ASA (n = 30)	P
Age at the beginning of the study	51.8 ± 9.7	56.1 ± 9.9	49.9 ± 7.9	CP vs LC, CP vs ASA, NS; LC vs ASA, P = 0.010
Men (%)	98	84	70	CP vs LC, P = 0.011; CP vs ASA, P = 0.001; LC vs ASA, NS
Age at diagnosis	39 ± 9.2	51.5 ± 9.6	-	P = 0.001
Alcohol intake (g/d)	120 ± (75-250)	118 (70-255)	121 (70-400)	NS
Years of alcoholism	20 (10-35)	25 (10-52)	18.5 (9-36)	CP vs LC, P = 0.01; LC vs ASA, P = 0.006; CP vs ASA, NS
Ethanol, kg of total intake	876 (273-2920)	1095 (481-3832)	965 (229-3358)	NS
Smoking	94.3%	80.7%	96.7%	CP vs LC, P = 0.030; CP vs ASA, NS; LC vs ASA, P = 0.035
BMI	23.4 ± 3.6	26.5 ± 4.4	24.8 ± 4.6	CP vs LC, P = 0.001

Data are expressed as mean ± SD, percentage or median (minimum-maximum). NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Potential risk factors for CP or LC: Distribution of frequencies and OR in patients with ACP or ALC    n (%)

	ACP 53	ALC 57	OR (95% CI)	P
Gender (female)	1 (1.9)	9 (15.8)	9.7 (1.1-79.8)	0.017
BMI > 28	4 (7.5)	15 (26.8)	4.5 (1.4-14.5)	0.008
BMI < 20	7 (13.2)	4 (7)	0.49 (0.13-1.8)	0.280
Age > 45 yr at diagnosis	14 (26.4)	41 (71.9)	7.1 (3.1-16.6)	0.001
Smoking	50 (94.3)	46 (80.7)	0.25 (0.06-0.95)	0.044
Alcohol > 150 g/d	16 (30.2)	19 (33.3)	1.12 (0.5-2.5)	0.775
Years alcoholism > 20	22 (41.5)	30 (52.6)	1.56 (0.73-3.32)	0.243

Table 3 Clinical manifestations, functional parameters and imaging characteristics of CP in patients with ACP, ALC or ASA

	ACP (n = 53)	ALC (n = 57)	ASA (n = 30)	P
Pancreatic pain	85%	0%	0%	< 0.001
IDDM	68%	5.3%	0%	< 0.001
NIDDM	5.7%	19.3%	10%	CP vs LC, P = 0.03; CP vs ASA, LC vs ASA, NS
Diarrhoea/steatorrhoea	54.7%	0%	0%	< 0.001
Calcifications	77.4%	0%	0%	< 0.001
Dilatation of pancreatic duct	67.9%	0%	0%	< 0.001
Pancreatic pseudocysts	58.5%	0%	0%	< 0.001

NS: Not significant.

Table 4 Clinical manifestations, functional parameters and imaging characteristics of LC in patients with ACP, ALC or ASA

	ACP (n = 53)	ALC (n = 57)	ASA (n = 30)	P
Ascites	0%	66.7%	0%
Haemorrhage in upper digestive tract	1.9%	45.6%	0%	< 0.001
Child-Pugh index > 5	5.7%	98.2%	0%	< 0.001
INR > 1.2	0%	73.7%	0%	< 0.001
Esophageal varices	1.9%	77.2%	0%	< 0.001
Splenomegaly	1.9%	77.2%	0%	< 0.001
Portal hypertension	3.8%	96.5%	0%	< 0.001