Hepatitis G virus

Table 1 Detection rate of GBV-C RNA in blood donors

Authors, year, country	GBV-C RNA (%)
Jarvis et al, 1996, United Kingdom[33]	3.2
Alter et al, 1997, USA[34]	1.7
Mikhailov, 1997, Russia[11]	3.3
de Lamballerie et al, 1997, Belgium[35]	1.1
Lefrere et al, 1997, France[36]	4.2
Guilera et al, 1998, Spain[37]	3.0
Masuko et al, 1996, Japan[38]	0.9
Novikov, 2000, Russia[8]	3.2
Kalkan et al, 2005, Turkey[39]	4.1
Mastouri et al, 2005, Tunis[40]	5.3
Grabarczyk et al, 2006, Poland[41]	3.2

Table 2 Detection rate of anti-E2 in blood donors

Authors, year, country	Anti-E2 (%)
Jarvis et al, 1996, United Kingdom[33]	3.0
Masuko et al, 1996, Japan[38]	4.9
Bouchardeau et al, 2000, France[45]	42.1
Novikov, 2000, Russia[8]	13.7
Mastouri et al, 2005, Tunis[40]	4.9
Grabarczyk et al, 2006, Poland[41]	23.6

Table 3 Detection rate of HGV RNA in high infection-risk groups

Authors, year, country	Risk group	GBV-C RNA (%)
Mazuko et al, 1996, Indonesia[38]	Patients on hemodialysis	55
Alter et al, 1997, USA[34]	Patients on hemodialysis	20
Miklhailov, 1997, Russia[11]	Drug abusers	35
Karayiannis et al, 1997, United Kingdom[46]	Patients with hemophilia	14
	Recipients of immunoglobulins	5.4
	Drug abusers	13.5
Martin et al, 1999, USA[47]	Patients on hemodialysis	17.1
Rubio et al, 1997, Germany[48]	Patients on hemodialysis	5
	Renal or hepatic posttransplantation patients	14-20
	Patients on hemodialysis	5
Lefrere et al, 1997, France[36]	Patients on hemodialysis	57.5
Miyakawa et al, 1997, Japan[49]	Patients on hemodialysis	3.1
	Patients on intravenous drug injection	16
Novikov, 2000, Russia[8]	Patients with hemophilia	28
Kumar et al, 2005, India[50]	Patients on hemodialysis	6
Kachko et al, 2005, Russia[51]	Drug abusers	25
Grabarczyk et al, 2006, Poland[41]	Patients on hemodialysis	23.7

Table 4 Data on the hepatotropicity of GBV-C

Hepatotropicity	No hepatotropicity
Detection of GBV-C RNA in the sera of patients with acute hepatitis non-A-non-E[61-66]	The equal detection rate of GBV-C RNA in donors with normal and increased alanine aminotransferase activities (1.7 and 1.5%, respectively)[70]
Histological pattern of hepatitis in GBV-C infection[27,28,66,67]	Normal aminotransferase activity values in the presence of GBV-C RNA[11,71]
Detection of GBV-C RNA and NS5 Ag in the liver tissue[68]	No correlation between the level of GBV-C RNA and the activity of alanine aminotransferase[72]
A significant reduction in the serum level of GBV-C RNA after liver transplantation[69]	The level of GBV-C RNA in the liver tissue is lower than that in the serum[73,74]

Table 5 Detection rate of GBV-C RNA in acute nonA-nonE hepatitis

Authors, year, country	Number of patients	GBV-C RNA (%)
Alter et al, 1997, United Kingdom[62]	45	9.0
Romano et al, 2000, Italy[63]	98	3.1
Chu et al, 1999, Taiwan, China[64]	53	3.0
Parana et al, 1999, Brazilia[65]	25	16
Yashina et al, 1997, USA[88]	28	3.6
Uchaikin et al, 2000, Russia[89]	35	5.7