Serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Clinical and laboratory data of patients with NAFLD and controls

	NAFLD	Control	P
n	30	30
Gender (F/M)	15/15	16/14	0.8
Age	41.97 ± 8.36	43.90 ± 8.35	0.374
BMI (kg/m2)	26.47 ± 3.11	23.97 ± 1.88	< 0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.11 ± 0.85	3.97 ± 0.63	0.446
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	1.54 ± 0.62	1.30 ± 0.38	0.075
C-peptide (nmol/L)	1.73 ± 0.29	1.78 ± 0.34	0.505
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.42 ± 0.94	5.03 ± 0.68	0.072
Insulin (mU/L)	14.22 ± 2.66	8.64 ± 1.88	< 0.001
HOMA IR	3.46 ± 1.04	1.92 ± 0.45	< 0.001
Leptin (ng/mL)	10.90 ± 3.39	5.55 ± 1.96	< 0.001
sOB-R (ng/mL)	18.00 ± 3.74	23.51 ± 2.62	< 0.001

Table 2 Leptin and sOB-R results according to gender

	Male			Female
	NAFLD	Control	P	NAFLD	Control	P
n	15	14		15	16
Leptin (ng/mL)	9.07 ± 2.22	4.89 ± 1.73	< 0.001	12.73 ± 3.43	6.13 ± 2.01	< 0.001
sOB-R (ng/mL)	19.58 ± 4.04	23.92 ± 2.36	< 0.001	16.41 ± 2.70	23.15 ± 2.86	< 0.001

Table 3 Leptin and sOB-R results in relatin to degree of steatosis

	Steatosis (n = 30)
	Mild	Moderate to severe	P
n	17	13
Gender (F/M)	9/8	6/7	0.7
Leptin (ng/mL)	9.42 ± 2.76	12.84 ± 3.23	0.004
sOB-R (ng/mL)	18.99 ± 2.95	16.70 ± 4.36	0.098
HOMA IR	2.98 ± 0.86	4.20 ± 0.83	0.001

Table 4 The results of BMI, leptin and sOB-R tests in NASH patients with normal weight and overweight

	Overweight	Normal weight
	(BMI≥26.5)	(BMI < 26.5)	P
n	12	18
Female/Male	8/4	9/9	0.5
Leptin (ng/mL)	13.73 ± 2.96	9.02 ± 2.14	< 0.001
sOB-R (ng/mL)	15.16 ± 2.10	19.89 ± 3.40	< 0.001
HOMA IR	4.06 ± 1.06	3.14 ± 0.86	0.01

Table 5 Multiple linear regression analysis (R² = 0.895) with serum leptin levels as a dependent variable in patients with NAFLD

Variable	Coefficient	SE	t	P
Age	-0.040	-0.099	-1.371	0.183
Sex	2.128	0.319	4.295	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	0.529	0.485	5.838	< 0.001
C-peptide (nmol/L)	-0.866	-0.075	-1.072	0.295
HOMA IR	0.744	0.227	2.399	0.025
Steatosis (%)	1.329	0.247	2.675	0.014