Effect of oophorectomy and exogenous estrogen replacement on liver injury in experimental obstructive jaundice

Table 1 Study design (n = 14)

D	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3
0	Bilateral oophorectomy	Bilateral oophorectomy	Sham operation
15, 16, and 22	5 mg/0.1 mL E2 in sesame oil, SC	0.1 mL sesame oil, SC	0.1 mL sesame oil, SC
23	Bile duct ligation	Bile duct ligation	Bile duct ligation
37	Killed, blood and tissue samples obtained	Killed, blood and tissue samples obtained	Killed, blood and tissue samples obtained

SC: Subcutane.

Table 2 Histopathologic scoring of liver injury

	Parameters	Score
1	Necrosis	0, 1, 2, 3
2	Regenerative activity	0, 1, 2, 3
3	Portal PMNL infiltration	0, 1, 2, 3
4	Portal MNL infiltration	0, 1, 2, 3
5	Ductular proliferation	0, 1, 2, 3
6	Fibroblastic activity	0, 1, 2, 3
7	Kupffer cell abnormalities	0, 2
8	Sinusoidal PMNL infiltration	0, 2
9	Sinusoidal MNL infiltration	0, 2
10	Portal vascular congestion	0, 2
11	Sinusoidal vascular congestion	0, 2
12	Portal vascular thrombosis	0, 2
13	Sinusoidal vascular thrombosis	0, 2
14	Portal and central venous phlebitis	0, 2
15	Arterial wall changes	0, 1, 2, 3
16	Hydropic degeneration	0, 1, 2, 3
17	Decrease in hepatocyte glycogen content	0, 2

PMNL: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes; MNL: Mononuclear leukocytes.

Table 3 Comparison of liver function tests of the groups

Groups	ALT (U/L)	GGT (U/L)	Bilirubin level (mg/dL)
1	347.85 ± 61.12	65.35 ± 20.98a	6.83 ± 1.32
2	256.57 ± 54.19a	46.50 ± 12.0	5.90 ± 2.12
3	360.50 ± 65.22	58.78 ± 7.47	6.30 ± 1.57

There are significant differences when compared with other groups (^aP < 0.05).

Table 4 Comparison of groups by categories n (%)

Categories	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	χ2/P
Necrosis
No change	5 (35.7)	12 (85.7)	7 (50)	χ2 = 17.20
Slight	7 (50)	0 (0)	1 (7.1)	P < 0.050
Moderate	2 (14.3)	2 (14.3)	6 (42.9)
Regenerative activity
Slight	6 (42.9)	13 (92.9)	6 (42.9)	χ2 = 10.22
Moderate	5 (35.7)	1 (7.1)	6 (42.9)	P < 0.050
Severe	3 (21.4)	0 (0)	2 (14.2)
Ductular proliferation
Slight	0 (0)	6 (42.9)	1 (7.1)	χ2 = 12.43
Moderate	5 (35.7)	5 (35.7)	4 (28.6)	P < 0.050
Severe	9 (64.3)	3 (21.4)	9 (64.3)
Fibroblastic activity
Slight	1 (7.1)	9 (64.3)	1 (7.1)	χ2 = 31.06
Moderate	9 (64.3)	4 (28.6)	11 (78.6)	P < 0.001
Severe	4 (28.6)	1 (7.1)	2 (14.3)
Kupffer cell abnormalities
Absence	6 (42.9)	12 (85.7)	7 (50)	χ2 = 6.13
Presence	8 (57.1)	2 (14.3)	7 (50)	P < 0.050
Sinusoidal congestion
Absence	13 (92.9)	9 (64.3)	14 (100)	χ2 = 8.17
Presence	1 (7.1)	5 (35.7)	0 (0)	P < 0.050
Portal central venous phlebitis
Absence	3 (21.4)	6 (42.9)	0 (0)	χ2 = 7.64
Presence	11 (78.6)	8 (57.1)	14 (100)	P < 0.050
IFN-γ (pg/mL)	349.46 ± 125.15	764.61 ± 191.95	450.21 ± 98.25	P < 0.001
IL-6 (pg/mL)	839.84 ± 245.05	466.5 ± 106.86	710.02 ± 167.75	P < 0.001