Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder perforation

Table 1 Clinical features of the patients, n (%)

Feature	TypeI	Type II	Type III
n (%)	7 (43.7)	7 (43.7)	2 (12.6)
Mean age (yr)	67.5	68.4	76.5
Gender (Male/Female)	5/2	5/2	0/2
Fever (more than 38°C ), n (%)	5 (71.4)	5 (71.4)	-
White blood cell count (mean)	23966	17314	13200
Mean duration of symptoms (d)	5	8.6	15
Systemic disorders1 , n (%)
Atherosclerotic heart disease	4 (14.3)	4 (57.1)	1 (50)
Diabetes mellitus	2 (28.6)	1 (14.3)	1 (50)
Hypertansion	1 (14.3)	1 (14.3)	1 (50)
Systemic lupus erythematosus	1 (14.3)	-	-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	1 (14.3)	2 (28.6)	1 (50)
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome	2 (28.6)	1 (14.3)	1 (50)
Preoperative diagnoses, n (%)
Gallbladder perforation	4 (14.3)	1 (14.3)	-
Acute cholecystitis	2 (28.6)	4 (14.3)	-
Cholangitis	-	1 (14.3)	-
Peptic ulcus perforation	1 (14.3)	-	-
Perforated appendicitis	-	1 (14.3)	-
Mechanical bowel obstruction	-	-	1 (50)
Gastric outlet syndrome	-	-	1 (50)
Sites of perforation, n (%)
Fundus	6 (85.7)	3 (42.9)	-
Corpus	1 (14.3)	2 (28.6)	-
Infundibulum	-	1 (14.3)	2 (100)
Cystic duct	-	1 (14.3)	-

¹Some patients had more than one sytemic disorder.

Table 2 Surgical procedures and morbidities of the patients n (%)

	TypeI	TypeII	Type III
Surgery
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy	2 (12.5)	4 (25)	-
Laparotomy and cholecystectomy	5 (31.2)	3 (18.7)	2 (12.5)
Morbidity1
Subhepatic abscess		1 (11.1)	1 (11.1)
Pelvic abscess		1 (11.1)	1 (11.1)
Pneumonia	1 (11.1)	1 (11.1)	1 (11.1)
Pancreatitis		1 (11.1)
Acute renal failure	1 (11.1)

¹Some patients had more than one morbidity.