Insulin sensitizers in treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review

Table 1 Details of trials eligible for this systematic review

Ref. Design	Participants	Intervention	Outcomes
			IR	Biochemical	Histological
[9] Nonrandomized	Italy. 20 consecutive subjects.	Treatment: metformin 500 mg/d for 4 mo	+	+	NE
open-label	No diabetic or severely obese subjects.	Control: diet
controlled
[10] Randomized	Turkey. 36 nondiabetic subjects.	Treatment: metformin 1.7 g/d for 6 mo	+	+	–
open-label		Control: diet (1600–1800 cal/d)
controlled
[11] Nonrandomized	USA. 15 subjects.	Metformin 20 mg/kg per day for 48 wk	+ at 3 mo	+ at 3 mo	+2
open-label	One diabetic.		+ at end	–(+ ) at end
single-arm trial			of study	of study
[12] Nonrandomized	USA. 10 subjects.	Metformin 2 g/d for 48 wk	-	-	-
open-label
single-arm trial
[13] Randomized controlled trial1	Italy. 17 subjects.	Metformin 2 g/d for 48 wk	+	+	+
[14] Nonrandomized	India. 22 subjects.	Metformin 1.5 g/d for 6 mo	+	+	NE
open-label	Three diabetics.
single-arm trial
[15] Nonrandomized	USA. 25 subjects.	Rosiglitazone 8 mg/d for	+	+	+
open-label		48 wk plus diet and physical activity
single-arm trial
[16] Nonrandomized	USA. 18 nondiabetic subjects.	Pioglitazone 30 mg/d for 48 wk	+	+	+
open-label
single-arm trial
[17] Nonrandomized	Japan. 12 subjects.	Pioglitazone 30 mg/d for 12 wk	+	+	NE
open-label
single-arm trial

IR: Insulin resistance; NE: Not evaluated.

¹In this study, metformin was compared with vitamin E. We have included only the metformin-treated group, with biopsies at baseline and at the end of the study;

²Hypothesis test was not provided.