Efficacy of leukocyte esterase dipstick test as a rapid test in diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Table 1 Characteristics of 127 patients and 200 ascitic fluid specimens

Characteristics	n (%)
Male/Female	75/52
Age (mean + SD)	57.4 ± 13.3
Child-Pugh classification A/B/C	3/34/90
Etiology of cirrhosis
Hepatitis B	34 (26.8)
Hepatitis C	8 (6.3)
Alcohol	25 (19.7)
Alcohol and hepatitis B	9 (7.1)
Alcohol and hepatitis C	9 (7.1)
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C	1 (0.8)
Autoimmune	2 (1.6)
Hemochromatosis	2 (1.6)
Cryptogenic	10 (7.9)
Others	27 (21.3)

Table 2 Dipstick test results in SBP and non-SBP groups

Colorimetric scales	PMN cell count≥250/mm3	PMN cell count< 250/mm3	Total
1+	10	24	34
2+	19	6	25
3+	8	0	8
0	5	128	133
Total	42	158	200

Table 3 Results of dipstick tests and PMN cell counts in positive culture specimens

Patient	PMN cells/mL	Calorimetric scale	Culture result
1	14	0	A.Baumanii
2	20	0	S.agalactae
3	21	0	P.aeruginosa
4	100	0	K.pneumonia
5	254	0	E. coli
6	271	0	S.bovis
7	257	0	K.pneumoniae
8	672	1	E. coli
9	3640	1	P.aeruginosa
10	13 312	1	E. coli
11	2129	2	Streptococcus gr.D
12	3494	2	Streptococcus gr.D
13	12 840	2	P.aeruginosa
14	25 805	2	E. coli
15	41 990	2	E. coli
16	3398	3	E. coli

Table 4 Validity scores of the Combur¹⁰ Test^®M to diagnose SBP considering a positive test > 1 or > 2 in the 4-grade colorimetric scale

Variables	≥1 grade, %	≥2 grade, %
Sensitivity	88	63
Specificity	81	96
Positive predictive value	55	82
Negative predictive value	96	91
Accuracy	83	89

Table 5 Validity scores reported in previous studies

Authors	Castellote et al	Kim et al	Butani et al	Sapey et al	Thévenot et al
Dipsticks	Aution sticks	UriSCAN/Mutistix10SG	Multistix®10SG	Nephur test/ Multistix10SG	Multistix 8SG/Combur2test LN (combined result)
Inclusion scale	≥ 3 (PMN ≥ 250/mm3)	≥ 3 (PMN ≥ 500/mm3) /≥ 3 (PMN ≥ 75/mm3)	≥ 2 (PMN ≥ 70/mL mm3)	N/A	≥ 3 (PMN ≥ 125/mm3) /≥ 2 (PMN ≥ 75/mm3)
Sensitivity (%)	89	67/50	89	88/65	89
Specificity( %)	99	100/100	99	100/100	100
PPV (%)	98	100/100	89	94/92	100
NPV (%)	97	89/87	99	99/97	99