Hemodynamic and antifibrotic effects of a selective liver nitric oxide donor V-PYRRO/NO in bile duct ligated rats

Table 1 General characteristics of rats

Characteristics	Sham		BDL		P
	Placebo n = 9	V-PYRRO/NO n = 12	Placebo n = 12	V-PYRRO/NO n = 10
Initial body weight (g)	299 ± 34	274 ± 29	288 ± 56	293 ± 67	NS
Body weight gain (%)	33 ± 21	22 ± 9	14 ± 12a	21 ± 17	0.04
Liver / body weight (%)	2.3 ± 0.4	2.8 ± 0.3	5.9 ± 1.5a	5.6 ± 2.0c	< 0.0001
Ascites score	0	0	0.3 ± 0.9	0	NS

^aP < 0.05 vs sham,

^cP < 0.05 vs V-PYRRO/NO sham; NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Liver and kidney serum function tests of rats

Parameter	Sham		BDL		P
	Placebo n = 9	V-PYRRO/NO n = 12	Placebo n = 12	V-PYRRO/NO n = 10
Urea (mmol/L)	10.2 ± 2.1	7.9 ± 1.7	9.2 ± 1.6	9.5 ± 2.7	NS
Creatinine (μmol/L)	77 ± 25	63 ± 24	66 ± 11	73 ± 18	NS
AST (UI/L)	172 ± 52	123 ± 60	1150 ± 1480a	1164 ± 1349c	< 0.0001
ALT (UI/L)	48 ± 18	55 ± 36	88 ± 47	82 ± 20	NS
Alkaline phosphatases (UI/L)	160 ± 103	148 ± 80	380 ± 197a	367 ± 141c	< 0.001
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	1.0 ± 0.0	1.3 ± 0.5	117.0 ± 22.0a	101.0 ± 30.0c	< 0.0001

^aP < 0.05 vs sham placebo,

^cP < 0.05 vs sham V-PYRRO/NO; NS: Not significant.

Table 3 Hemodynamic data of rats

	Sham		BDL		P
	Placebo n = 9	V-PYRRO/NO n = 12	Placebo n = 12	V-PYRRO/NO n = 10
MAP (mm Hg)	119 ± 7	113 ± 11	104 ± 8a	98 ± 13b	< 0.001
Heart rate (beat/min)	441 ± 29	428 ± 44	411 ± 29	422 ± 26	NS
Cardiac index (mL/min .100 g)	14 ± 5	15 ± 4	39 ± 11a	33 ± 6ac	< 0.0001
SVR (dyn.s.cm5.100 g1.103)	782 ± 355	636 ± 184	236 ± 89a	248 ± 78c	< 0.0001
Portal pressure (mmHg)	9.2 ± 0.8	8.0 ± 1.2	16.3 ± 2.2a	11.9 ± 2.7ace	< 0.0001
SRS BF (mL/min)	0.22 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.12	1.33 ± 1.34a	0.42 ± 0.22e	0.007

^aP < 0.05 vs Sham,

^cP < 0.05 vs sham V-PYRRO/NO,

^eP < 0.05 vs BDL placebo. MAP: Mean arterial pressure, SRS BF: Spleno-renal shunt blood flow; SVR: Systemic vascular resistance; NS: Not significant.

Table 4 Liver fibrosis of rats

	Sham		BDL		P
	Placebo n = 9	V-PYRRO/NO n = 12	Placebo n = 12	V-PYRRO/NO n = 10
Area (%)	2.5 ± 0.5	3.1 ± 0.8	12.1 ± 4.3a	8.4 ± 3.6ce	< 0.0001
Liver hydroxyproline (μg/g protein)	164 ± 26	171 ± 49	381 ± 88a	268 ± 83ce	< 0.0001

^aP < 0.05 vs Sham,

^cP < 0.05 vs sham V-PYRRO/NO,

^eP < 0.05 vs BDL placebo.