Prolonged intestinal mucosal acidosis is associated with multiple organ failure in human acute pancreatitis: Gastric tonometry revisited

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients investigated in this study

	Group 1non-survivors(n = 6)	Group 2survivors(n = 15)	P value
Age (yr)1	69 (41-77)	52 (29-69)	0.22
Sex ratio (M/F)	5/1	10/5
Duration of symptoms before admission (h)1	49.5 (12-104)	17 (4-120)	0.09
Etiology
Ethanol/gallstone/other	3/2/1	5/8/2
Disease severity
Predicted severity by Ranson’s score1	5.5 (1-8)	3 (2-7)	0.18
Predicted severity by Glasgow criteria1	2.5 (2-6)	2 (0-6)	0.45
APACHE II at the time of admission1	12 (4-15)	6 (3-16)	0.128
APACHE II on the third hospital day1	14 (10-29)	7 (0-10)	0.005
Outcome
Necrosis/No necrosis/No data2	5/0/1	5/9/1
Remote organ dysfunction1	3 (2-5)	0 (0-2)	0.0016

¹Values are represented as median (range). APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation.

²No CT scan or autopsy proven data of necrosis was available.

Table 2 Selected markers of inflammation, values of gastric tonometry measurements, blood test results in the patient groups

	Group 1non-survivors(n = 6)	Group 2survivors(n = 15)	P value
Markers of inflammation
C-reactive protein (mg/L)1	408 (181-427)	234 (95-317)	0.048
White blood cell count (G/L)1	19.1 (14.5-22.6)	15.8 (10.2-23.2)	0.14
Positive bacterial hemoculture	3	8
Gastric Tonometry
Lowest pHi within the first 72 h1	7.11 (6.97-7.32)	7.31 (6.94-7.46)	0.0001
Lowest pHi during the third day1	7.07 (6.97-7.25)	7.33 (7.27-7.46)	0.0004
Arterial blood gas results
Arterial pH12	7.35 (7.18-7.46)	7.38 (7.34-7.44)	0.18
Actual base excess (mmol/L)12	-9.4 (-12.5 - -4.5)	-7 (-13.3 - -1)	0.11

¹Values are median (range). pHi: Calculated gastric intramucosal pH.

²Daily minimum values within the first 72 h.