Cytomegalovirus and inflammatory bowel disease: Is there a link?

Table 1 Prevalence data according to population and methodology of the study

Author (year ofpublication)	Population characteristics	Diagnostic assay	Study type	Prevalence
Criscuoli (2004)	42 pts with severe colitis	HE-ICH on rectal biopsy + antigenemia pp65	prospective	21%
Kishore (2004)	63 pts with severe colitis (36 steroid resistant)	Serology-HE and qualitative PCR	prospective	16% 22%
Wada (2003)	47 pts with severe colitis	Antigenemia	prospective	34%
de Saussure (2004)	64 pts with active colitis	Serology-viremia-antigenemia- HE-ICH	prospective	1.5%-6%
Vega (1999)	267 active colitis	HE-ICH	retrospective	3%
Pofelski (2005)	48 pts severe colitis	Quantitative PCR on colonic biopsies	retrospective/ prospective	38% 60%
Kambham (2004)	40 pts steroid resistant (25 operated on for colectomy)	HE-ICH	retrospective	Overall 25% Operated on pts 24%
Papadakis (2001)	1895 steroid resistant pts	HE	retrospective	0.5%
Cottone (2001)	19 Steroid resistant pts	HE-ICH on rectal biopsy + antigenemia pp65	prospective	36%
Maconi (2005)	77 pts operated on for colectomy	HE-ICH on surgical specimen	prospective	22% overall 27% steroid resistant
Takahashi (2004)	69 surgical specimen of IBD pts	HE-ICH on biopsy and surgical specimen	retrospective	11.5%
Alcalà (2000)	39 pts operated on for colectomy	HE + ICH	retrospective	18%
Eire-Brook (1986)	26 pts operated on for colectomy	Light and electron microscopy- ICH	retrospective	11.5%
Cooper (1977)	46 pts operated on for colectomy	HE	retrospective	13%
Rahbar (2003)	23 pts with IBD (13 UC-10 CD)	ICH+ in situ hybridization	prospective	92/100%
Wakefield (1992)	50 pts with IBD (29 CD-21 UC)	qualitative PCR	prospective	66/81%