Influences of enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on gut microflora and barrier function of rats with abdominal infection

Table 1 PN solution prepared (contents/100 mL)

Prescription	Dose
50% Glucose (mL)	33
8.5% Novamin (mL)	45
20% Intralipid (mL)	17
Soluvita (mL)	1
Addamel (mL)	1
10% KCl (mL)	1
10% NaCl (mL)	1
RI (U)	4
Heparin (U)	40
Non-protein calorie (kJ)	348
Total nitrogen (mg)	504

Table 2 Enteral nutrition (Pepti-2000 variant¹) composition (126 g/500mL)

Ingredients	Contents
Protein(g)	19.9
Protein hydrolysate (g)	19.9
Nitrogen (g)	2.9
Fat (g)	4.9
Vegetable oil (g)	2.45
MCT (g)	2.45
Linoleic acid	1.3
Carbohydrates (g)	93.1
Glucose (g)	1.8
Maltose (g)	5.5
Amylose (g)	84.4
Lactose (g)	＜ 1.3
Organic acid (g)	0.1
Minerals (g)	2.6
Vitamins (g)	0.4
Nonprotein energy (kJ)	2090
Protein (En%)	16
Fat (En%)	9
Carbohydrates (En%)	75
Osmotic pressure (mOsm/L)	410
PH	6.0

¹A commercial, nutritional complete, short-chain peptide based elemental diet (Nutricia, The Netherlands).

Table 3 Death rate in celiac infection model of three groups

Group	n	Death	Death rate
PN	33	26	78.7%
EN	13	6	46.1%a
Probiotic	12	5	41.6%a

^aP < 0.05 vs PN group.

Table 4 Occludin and IgA positive expression in three groups

Group	n	Intestine (%)		Cecum (%)
		Occludin	IgA	Occludin	IgA
PN	7	1.207 ± 0.587	11.189 ± 2.108	1.254 ± 0.203	10.160 ± 1.643
EN	7	2.309 ± 0.336a	15.440 ± 2.383b	2.076 ± 0.670a	12.516 ± 1.542a
Probiotic	7	2.93 ± 0.515b	16.230 ± 3.183a	3.40 ± 0.617b	14.604 ± 1.837b

^aP < 0.05 vs PN group;

^bP < 0.01 vs PN group.

Table 5 Endotoxin and BTR of MLN and remote organs

Group	n	MLN	Liver	Lung	Cavablood	BTR	Endotoxin (EU)
PN	7	6	4	3	4	60.7%	0.403 ± 0.181
EN	7	4	2	2	1	32.1%	0.125 ± 0.040a
Probiotic	7	3	2	1	2	28.6%	0.082 ± 0.029b

^aP < 0.05 vs PN group,

^bP < 0.01 vs PN group. BTR: Bacterium translocation rate; MLN: Mesenteric lymph node.