Platelet-activating factor in liver injury: A relational scope

Table 1 Experimental studies of IR liver injury evaluating the role of PAF through its antagonism

Ischemia				Reperfusion
Type ofischemia	Splanchniccongestion	Duration	PAF-Rantagonist	Type ofreperfusion	Duration	Reference
is, T, W	No	120 min	TCV-309	is	1, 3, 6 h - s 7 d	[34]
is, T, W	No	120 min	TCV-309	is	30 min, 1, 3, 6 h - s 30 d	[33]
is, T, W	No	120 min	TCV-309	is	60 min - s 30 d	[32]
is, T, W	Yes	20 min	E5880	is	30 min	[31]
is, T, W	Yes	45 min	BB-882 (lexipafant)	is	45 min	[35]
is, T, W	NA	120 min	WEB-2170	is	6, 24 h	[37]
is, T, W	NA	60 min	BN-52021	is	60 min	[38]
is, P, W	No	60 min	WEB-2170	is	1, 3, 6, 24 h	[24]
is, P, W	No	30, 45 min	WEB-2170	is	1 h	[28]
is, P, W	No	60 min	BN-52021	is	30 min	[27]
is, P, W	No	60 min	BN-52021	is	30 min	[29]
is, P, W	No	75 min	BN-52021	is	24 h - s 7 d	[26]
is, P, W	No	30, 60, 90 min	CV-6209	is	15, 30, 60, 120 min	[23]
Is, T, W+C	NA	90 min (W), 24 h (C)	CV-6209	Is	60 min (W), 120 min (C)	[19]
is, T, W	NA	90 min	SRI-63441	Is	90 min	[20]
Is, T, C	NA	24 h	SRI-63441	Is	90 min	[18]

is: In situ; Is: Isolated; T: Total; P: Partial; W: Warm; C: Cold; NA: Not applicable; s: Survival; d: Days.

Table 2 PAF and liver transplantation

Type of study	PAF-Rantagonistused	Alterations inbiochemical parametersof liver graft function(serum)1	Reference
Clinical
	-	2	[43]
	-	2	[44]
Experimental
	BN-52021	↓ LDH	[45]
	WEB-2170	NS	[47]
	WEB-2086	2	[48]
	E5880	↑ AKBR, ↓ AST, ↓ ALT, ↓ lactate	[46]
	E5880	↑ AKBR, ↓ AST, ↓ ALT, ↓ lactate	[49]
	E5880	↓ AST, ↓ lactate	[50]

¹ Only statistically significant alterations are included in the table above; ² Not determined; NS = Not significant; LDH = Lactate dehydrogenase; AKBR = Arterial ketone body ratio; AST = Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 3 PAF and acute liver injury

Method	PAF levels	PAF-R antagonist used	Reference
LPS/P.acnes	1	●	[51]
LPS/PAF	1	BN-52021, WEB-2170	[52]
	1	WEB-2086	[53]
	1	triazolam	[54]
LPS	1	WEB-2086	[56]
	1	BN-50739, WEB-2170	[59]
	1	WEB-2086	[61]
	1	TCV-309	[62]
	1	BN-50739, WEB-2170	[63]
D-GalN/LPS	1	WEB-2086	[64]
	1	WEB-2086	[65]
ANIT	1	WEB-2086	[66]
APAP	↑ (serum)	-	[67]
	↑ (serum)	BN-52021	[68]
BDL	↑ (plasma, tissue)	-	[69]
	↑ (tissue)	BN-52021, WEB-2170	[70]
	1	-	[71]
70% PH	1	-	[72]
	1	TCV-309	[73]

¹ Not determined; LPS = Lipopolysaccharide; D-GalN = D-galactosamine; ANIT = Alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate; APAP = Acetaminophen; BDL = Bile duct ligation; PH = Partial hepatectomy.

Table 4 PAF and chronic liver injury (cirrhosis)

Type of study	Method ofcirrhosisinduction	PAF levels	PAF-Rantagonistused	Reference
Clinical
	NA	↑	-	[76]
	NA	↓	-	[77]
	NA	NS	-	[81]
	NA	1	-	[82]
Experimental
	CCl4+ phenobarbital	↑	BN-52021	[84]
	TAA	1	-	[86]
	CCl4	↑	-	[87]
	CCl4	↑	BN-52021	[88]

¹ Not determined; NA = Not applicable; NS = Not significant; CCl₄ = Carbon tetrachloride; TAA = Thioacetamide.