Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may not be a severe disease at presentation among Asian Indians

Table 1 Baseline demographic and biochemical parameters of the cohort

Parameters	Value
Age (yr)
n	51
Median	34
(Range)	(16-58)
Sex ratio (males/females)	46/5
Body mass index (kg/m2)
n	49
Median	26.7
(Range)	(21.3-32.5)
Bilirubin (mg%)
n	51
Median	0.8
(Range)	(0.5-13.0)
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)
n	51
Median	66
(Range)	(29-230)
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)
n	51
Median	98
(Range)	(52-349)
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)
n Median	51 159
(Range)	(87-372)
Albumin (gm%)
n	47
Median	4.6
(Range)	(3-5.4)
Cholesterol (mg%)
n	49
Median	180
(Range)	(96-323)
Triglycerides (mg%)
n	49
Median	145
(Range)	(48-339)
HDL cholesterol (mg%)
n	44
Median	41
(Range)	(28-65)
Fasting plasma glucose (mg%)
n	49
Median	90
(Range)	(70-150)
Fasting serum insulin (μIU/L)
n	45
Median	10.4
(Range)	(1.6-28.4)
HOMA-IR
n	45
Median	2.4
(Range)	(0.3-6.0)

HDL: High density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance.

Table 2 Prevalence of individual components of metabolic syndrome

Component of metabolic syndrome	n (%)
Obesity	34 (69.4)
Hypertriglyceridemia	20 (40.8)
Low HDL cholesterol	16 (36.4)
High HOMA-IR	36 (80)
Hypertension	6 (11.8)
Diabetes	5 (9.8)
Metabolic syndrome	9 (20.9)

HDL: high density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance.

Table 3 Factors associated with advanced grade of inflammation

Variables	Grade 0/1(n/N)	Grade 2/3(n/N)	P
Male	29/32	17/19	1.0
Age >35 years	13/32	10/19	0.40
BMI >25 kg/m2	18/30	16/19	0.11
AST/ALT ratio > 1	1/32	6/19	0.008
Cholesterol > 200 mg%	9/30	5/19	1.0
Triglycerides >150 mg%	7/30	13/19	0.002
HOMA-IR >1.64	21/26	15/19	1.0
Hypertension	4/32	2/19	1.0
Metabolic syndrome	3/30	6/19	0.07

BMI: body mass index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; Univariate analyses; P value on chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.

Table 4 Factors associated with advanced stage of fibrosis

Variables	Stage 0/1(n/N)	Stage 2/3/4(n/N)	P
Male sex	4/42	1/9	1.0
Age >35 years	17/42	6/9	0.26
BMI >25 kg/m2	26/42	8/9	0.24
AST/ALT ratio > 1	4/42	3/9	0.09
Cholesterol > 200 mg%	13/40	1/9	0.41
Triglycerides >150 mg%	14/40	6/9	0.13
HOMA-IR >1.64	28/36	8/9	0.66
Hypertension	5/42	1/9	1.0
Metabolic syndrome	5/40	4/9	0.04

BMI: body mass index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model assessment for insulin resistance; Univariate analyses; P value on chi-square and fisher’s exact test.