Helicobacter species ribosomal DNA in the pancreas, stomach and duodenum of pancreatic cancer patients

Table 1 Helicobacter genus-specific 16S ribosomal DNA PCR-assay (positive/total)

Patient group	n	Pancreas	Stomach/ duodenum	Gallbladder	Ductus choledochus
PC	40	30/40	7/23	0/12	0/6
NE	14	8/14	1/2	0/4	0/1
MEN	8	3/8	1/2	0/2	0/1
CP	5	3/5	_	–	–
C	17	0/17	_	–	–

PC: pancreatic exocrine cancer; NE: neuroendocrine cancer; MEN: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; CP: chronic pancreatitis; C: cysts, cystadenoma and remaining controls.

Table 2 Helicobacter genus-specific PCR in tumors and surrounding tissue

Patient group	Tumor (n = 62)	Atrophic (n = 13)		Normal (n = 41)
		+	−	+	−
PC	+ (n = 19)	4	3	1	10
	− (n = 21)	5	1	7	4
NE	+ (n = 8)	−	−	1	5
	− (n = 6)	−	−	0	5
MEN	+ (n = 3)	−	−	0	3
	− (n = 5)	−	−	0	5

PC: pancreatic exocrine cancer; NE: neuroendocrine cancer; MEN: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Table 3 Distribution of Helicobacter 16S ribosomal DNA sequences identified using DNA-sequence and/or DGGE-analysis of the V6-region

Helicobacter species	Pancreatic tissue				Gastric or duodenal samples
	Normal1	Atrophic2	Tumor3	CP4
H pylori	7	6	12	2	2
H bilis					6
H hepaticus				2
H sp. flexispira			7
H cineadi			2

¹ Tissue adjacent to tumor;

² Atrophic tissue (PC only); or

³ Tumor from PC-, NE- and MEN patients;

⁴Chronic pancreatitis.