Hepatocellular carcinoma in extremely elderly patients: An analysis of clinical characteristics, prognosis and patient survival

Table 1 Age distribution of the 1310 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Age (yr)	Number of HCC patients
< 30	3
30-40	4
40-50	41
50-60	234
60-70	485
70-80	452
80<	90
Tatol	1310

Table 2 Profile of 91 extremely elderly patients and 234 non-erlderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

	Extremely elderly	Non-elderly	P-value
	(80 yr or more)	(50-60 yr old)
Sex (M/F)	43/48	186/48	P < 0.001
Mean age (range)	82.3 ± 2.7 (80-94)	55.3 ± 2.9 (50-59)	P < 0.001
HBsAg (+/-)	3/88	36/198	P < 0.001
HCV (+/-)	67/24	182/52	NS
non B, nonC/B or C	21/70	16/218	P < 0.001
Diameter of HCC (mm)	39.5± 24.3	36.8± 27.0	NS
Number of HCC (1/2 or more)	47/44	110/124	NS
Child-Pugh grading (A/B/C/uk)	62/22/3/4	144/67/18/6	NS
Stage (I/II/III/IVA/IVB/uk)	11/37/25/11/3/4	44/85/53/36/10/5	NS
Portal thrombus (-/+)	77/14	189/45	NS
Ascites (-/+)	69/22	191/43	NS
T-Bil (μmol/L)	1.23 ± 1.29	1.5± 1.82	NS
Alb (g/dL)	3.55 ± 0.53	3.58 ± 0.6	NS
PT（％）	83.3 ± 15.9	73.6 ± 18.4	P < 0.001
Plt (ｘ104/μL)	13.5 ± 7.7	10.7 ± 5.8	P < 0.001
ICGR15（％）	22.6 ± 11.8	31.5 ± 18.7	P < 0.001
AFP (-/+/uk)	33/53/5	75/150/9	NS
PIVKA II (-/+/uk)	35/51/5	116/109/9	NS

Table 3 Types of initial treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Treatment	Extremely elderly	Non-elderly	P-value
	(80 yr or more)	(50-60 yr old)
TAE or TAI	59	128	NS
PEI or RFA or MA	18	62	NS
Surgery (liver trans- plantation)	0	28(3)	P < 0.001
Chemotherapy	2	7	NS
Supportive care	12	9	P < 0.001

TAE, Transcatheter arterial embolization; TAI, Transcatheter arterial infusion; PEI, percutaneous ethanol injection; MA, Microwave ablation; RFA, Radiofrequency ablation; NS, not significant.

Table 4 Causes of death in extremely elderly patients with HCC

Cause of death	Extremely elderly(80 yr or more)	Non-elderly(50-60 yr old)	P-value
HCC	27	77	NS
Hepatic failure	17	25
Gastrointestinal- Bleeding	4	6
Others	7	9
Unknown	0	6

Table 5 Concomitant diseases in extremely elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Concominant disease		Extremely elderly (80 yr or more)	Non-elderly (50-60 yr old)
Malignant neoplasm	Gastric cancer	2	2
	Colon cancer	3	4
	Prostatic cancer	2	0
	Others	3	1
Cardiovascular disease	Ischemic heart disease	9	3
	Hypertension	36	32
	Arrhythmia	7	2
	Congestive heart failure	2	0
	Valvular heart disease	2	0
	Aortic aneurysma	2	0
Respiratory disease	Chronic bronchitis	3	0
	Interstitial pneumonia	2	1
	Pneumonia	2	0
	Others	3	1
Gastrointestinal disease	Gall stone	4	3
	Chronic pancreatitis	1	4
	Peptic ulcer	2	5
	Reflux esophagitis	3	1
Endocrinal disease	Diabetes mellitus	23	47
	Gout	2	6
	Others	0	2
Neurological and cerebrovascular	Cerebral infarction or hemorrhage	7	2
	Dimentia	3	0
	others	0	2
Renal disease	Chronic renal failure or nephritis	3	2
Other disease		13	5
No concominant disease		20	145