Human leukocyte antigen class II DQB1*0301, DRB1*1101 alleles and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus infection: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis

First author(year)[reference]	Country(ethnicity)	Spontaneousresolution	Persistentinfection	Matching	Anti-HCV tests	HLA typing
Alric (1997)	France (European)	25, M/F: 9/16	103, M/F: 58/45	Sex, age, source of HCV infection, HCV-serotype	2G EIA and RIBA	PCR-SSOP
[21]		Age: 40.6±15.7 yr	Age: 45.4±12.4 yr
Cramp (1998)	UK (European)	49, M/F: 30/19	55, M/F: 31/24	Sex, age, source of HCV infection and duration	2G line immunoassay	PCR-SSOP
[22]		Duration: 15.5 (3-42) yr	Duration: 14.2 (2-40) yr
Minton (1998)	UK (European)	35, M/F: 19/16	138, M/F: 87/51	Sex, age, source of HCV infection	2G ELISA and RIBA	PCR-SSOP
[23]		Age: 37.9±10.8 yr	Age: 37.2±10.1 yr
Mangia (1999)	Italy (European)	35	149	Sex, HCV-serotype, not age,	RIBA and 3G EIA	PCR-SSP
[24]				not duration
Thursz (1999)	European	85, M/F: 37/48	170, M/F: 74/96	Sex, center, not age	ELISA and RIBA	PCR-SSP
[25]		Age: 45±14 yr	Age: 50±16 yr
Vejbaesya (2000)	Thailand (Asian)	43 Blood donor	57	Sex	2G EIA and RIBA	PCR-SSOP
[26]		M/F: 25/18	M/F: 31/18
Alric (2000)	France (European)	63, M/F: 21/42	282, M/F: 150/132	Age, source of HCV infection and duration, not sex	2G EIA and RIBA	PCR-SSOP
[27]		Age: 42.1±15.4 yr	Age: 46±12.3 yr
Fanning (2000)	Irish (European)	85 Female	72 Female	From single source	RIBA	Reverse line probe hybridization
[13]
Thio (2001)	North America	200, M/F: 166/34	374, M/F: 310/64	Age, sex, race	2G EIA and RIBA	PCR-SSP PCR-SSCP
[28]		Age: 25.7 yr	Age: 27.8 yr
Azocar (2003)	Hispanic (European)	40,M/F: 33/7	72, M/F: 54/18	Age, sex	EIA and RIBA	PCR-SSOP PCR-SSP
[29]		Age: 37.9 yr	Age: 39.2 yr
Spada (2004)	Italy (European)	10, M/F: 5/5	24,M/F:22/2	Not sex, age, source of HCV infection, HCV-serotype	3G ELISA and RIBA	PCR-SSP
[30]		Age: 40.5 (20-61) yr	Age: 29 (20-56) yr

EIA: enzyme-immunoassay; RIBA: recombinant immunoblot assay; ELISA: enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay; 2G: second generation; 3G: third generation; SSOP: sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes; SSP: sequence specific primers; SSCP: single stranded conformational polymorphisms.

Table 2 Effect of DRB1*1101 allele on self-limiting HCV infection

Study	Spontaneous resolutionn/N	Persistent infectionn/N	OR (random)95%CI
Alric	10/25	10/102	6.13 (2.18, 17.22)
Minton	11/35	11/135	5.17 (2.01, 13.27)
Cramp	9/49	6/55	1.84 (0.60, 5.60)
Mangia	7/35	24/149	1.30 (0.51, 3.32)
Thursz 1	26/85	29/170	2.14 (1.16, 3.94)
Thursz 2	14/57	15/152	2.97 (1.33, 6.65)
Fanning	4/68	4/64	0.94 (0.22, 3.92)
Alric	20/59	25/170	2.97 (1.50, 5.91)
Vejbaesya	2/43	3/57	0.88 (0.14, 5.50)
Thio	15/200	24/374	1.18 (0.61, 2.31)
Azocar	4/40	11/72	0.62 (0.18, 2.08)
Spada	2/10	2/24	2.75 (0.33, 22.92)
Total (95%CI)	124/706	164/1 524	2.02 (1.56, 2.62)

Test for heterogeneity: χ² = 19.38, df = 11 (P<0.05), I² = 43.2%. Test for overall effect: Z = 5.30 (P<0.00001).

Table 3 Effect of DQB1*0301 allele on self-limiting HCV infection

Study	Spontaneous resolutionn/N	Persistent infectionn/N	OR (random)95%CI
Alric	21/25	28/91	11.81 (3.71, 37.61)
Minton	18/35	33/135	3.27 (1.51, 7.07)
Cramp	26/49	10/55	5.09 (2.10, 12.33)
Mangia	17/33	42/143	2.56 (1.18, 5.53)
Thursz 1	39/85	47/170	2.22 (1.29, 3.82)
Thursz 2	25/57	37/152	2.43 (1.28, 4.61)
Fanning	25/78	18/67	1.28 (0.63, 2.64)
Alric	38/59	45/157	4.50 (2.39, 8.50)
Vejbaesya	24/43	18/57	2.74 (1.20, 6.22)
Thio	49/200	71/374	1.38 (0.92, 2.09)
Azocar	6/40	13/72	0.80 (0.28, 2.30)
Spada	4/10	15/24	0.40 (0.09, 1.81)
Total (95%CI)	292/714	377/1 497	2.36 (1.62, 3.43)

Test for heterogeneity: χ² = 33.33, df = 11 (P = 0.0005), I² = 67.0%. Test for overall effect: Z = 4.48 (P<0.00001).