Plasma carnitine ester profile in adult celiac disease patients maintained on long-term gluten free diet

Table 1 Selected clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with celiac disease and control subjects (means ± SE)

	Celiac disease patients		Controls
	n = 33		n = 35
Females/males	24/9		13 / 22
	at diagnosis	in current study
Age (yrs)	27.4 ± 3.0	32.2 ± 2.5	31.0 ± 1.9
Iron (μmol/L)	13.0 ± 1.5a	17.6±1.3c	23.1 ± 2.1
Hb (g/dL)	12.6 ± 0.4a	13.9±0.3c	15.8 ± 0.5
MCV (fL)	85.5 ± 1.7a	88.4±1.0c	94.3 ± 2.7
RDW (%)	15.7 ± 0.6	14.4±0.4	13.9 ± 0.5
BMI (kg/m2)	20.0 ± 0.7 a	22.8±0.6	23.1 ± 1.1

^aP< 0.05 vs same group and controls at the time of the study.

^cP < 0.05 vs controls

Table 2 Plasma carnitine ester profiles in celiac disease patients and controls (mean±SE, μmol/L)

	Patients	Controls
	n = 33	n = 35
Free carnitine (C0)	27.191 ± 1.194	30.029 ± 1.902
Short-chain acylcarnitines
Acetylcarnitine (C2)	4.703 ± 0.205b	10.227 ± 0.368
Propionylcarnitine (C3)	0.247 ± 0.014b	0.400 ± 0.021
Butyrylcarnitine (C4)	0.152 ± 0.011b	0.267 ± 0.013
Isovalerylcarnitine (C5)	0.111 ± 0.010	0.138 ± 0.010
Tiglylcarnitine (C5:1)	0.034 ± 0.002	0.033 ± 0.003
Medium-chain acylcarnitines
Hexanoylcarnitine (C6)	0.060 ± 0.004b	0.080 ± 0.006
Octanoylcarnitine (C8)	0.086 ± 0.006b	0.121 ± 0.009
Octenoylcarnitine (C8:1)	0.037 ± 0.003b	0.071 ± 0.008
Decanoylcarnitine (C10)	0.103 ± 0.008b	0.141 ± 0.009
Cecenoylcarnitine (C10:1)	0.063 ± 0.005b	0.108 ± 0.010
Lauroylcarnitine (C12)	0.032 ± 0.002b	0.052 ± 0.004
Long-chain acylcarnitines
Myristoylcarnitine (C14)	0.016 ± 0.001b	0.024 ± 0.001
Myristoleylcarnitine (C14:1)	0.025 ± 0.002b	0.040 ± 0.004
Palmitoylcarnitine (C16)	0.097 ± 0.006	0.113 ± 0.006
Palmitoleylcarnitine (C16:1)	0.037 ± 0.003	0.032 ± 0.002
Stearoylcarnitine (C18)	0.076 ± 0.004	0.080 ± 0.004
Oleylcarnitine (C18:1)	0.137 ± 0.007b	0.169 ± 0.008
Hydroxymyristoylcarnitine (C14OH)	0.007 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.001
Hydroxypalmitoylcarnitine (C16OH)	0.022 ± 0.001	0.023 ± 0.002
Hydroxypalmitoleylcarnitine (C16:1OH)	0.026 ± 0.002	0.029 ± 0.002
Hydroxyoleylcarnitine (C18:1OH)	0.016 ± 0.002	0.013 ± 0.002

^bP< 0.01 vs controls