Strictures, diaphragms, erosions or ulcerations of ischemic type in the colon should always prompt consideration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced lesions

Table 1 Questionnaire on NSAID/ASA use

Use of NSAID/ASA	Yes/no
If yes, which drug:............................
- What dose………………………
- How long………………………..
Indication for NSAID/ASA………….......
Indication for colonoscopy……………..

Table 2 Answers to the questionnaire in Table 1

	n	%
NSAID	326	58.3
ASA	122	20.0
NSAID/ASA	48	7.8

Table 3 Duration of ingestion of NSAID/ASA (%)

D	4.6
Wk	13.9
Mo	21.5
Yr	43.9
No information	16.1

Table 4 Indication for use of NSAID/ASA (%)

Pain	64.3
Polyarthritis	12.3
Coronary heart disease	10.2
Peripheral occlusive arterial disease	7.9
Others	5.7

Table 5 Indications for colonoscopy (%)

Melena	23.9
Positive occult blood test	11.0
Anemia	21.6
Diarrhea	19.4
Abdominal pain	17.7
Weight loss	1.9
Ileus or subileus	1.1
Others	1.1

Table 6 Frequency distribution of used NSAID preparations (%)

Diclofenac	70.5
Ibuprofen	7.3
Piroxicam	1.4
Ketoprofen	0.4
Phenylbutazone	0.2
Combinations	17.6

Table 7 Localization of the lesions (%)

Ileum	4.5
Bauhin’s valve	21.3
Cecum	14.8
Ascending colon	19.1
Right flexure	7
Transverse colon	15.7
Left flexure	2.8
Descending colon	6.7
Sigmoid colon	5.3
Rectum	2.8

Table 8 Frequency of lesion type (solitary and multiple lesions)

	Solitary	Multiple
	(n = 207)	(n = 319)
	(%)	(%)
Erosions	63.3	21.3
Ulcers	21.7	56.4
Erosions+ulcers	0	12.2
Regenerative mucosa	15	10.1
Strictures	11.1	18.8
Diaphragms	1.0	4.4

Table 9 Age and sex distribution, location of lesions in right colon, and histological findings in the four groups of patients

	n	F:M	Age (yr)	Locationright colon	Endoscopicsolitary lesion	Endoscopicmultiple lesions	Endoscopicstricture	Endoscopicdiaphragm
	356	251:105	63±35	71.2%	36.80%	63.2%	15.40%	3.6%
NSAID	58.3%	2.4:1	28-98	n = 131	n = 225	n = 55	n = 13
	122	75:47	56.5±33.5	76.8%	50%	50%	12.30%	0.8%
ASA	20%	1.6:1	23-90		n = 61	n = 61	n = 15	n = 1
	48	39:9	68±21	80.8%	31.2%	68.8%	25%	2.10%
NSAID+ASA	7.8%	4.3:1	47-89		n = 15	n = 33	n = 12	n = 1
	85	50:35	54.5±35.5	75.60%	68%	31.8%	8.20%	1.2%
No NSAID/ASA	13.9%	1.4:1	19-90		n = 58	n = 27	n = 7	n = 1

Table 10 Frequency of histological findings in the four groups of patient

	Solitaryerosion	Solitaryulcer	Solitaryregenerativemucosa	Multipleerosions	Multipleulcers	Multipleerosions+ulcers	Multipleregenerativemucosa
NSAID (%)	23.7	76.3	13	36.5	46.6	10.8	6.1
	n = 27	n = 8	n = 17	n = 101	n = 129	n = 30	n = 17
ASA (%)	26.2	55.7	14.8	26.2	51	9.7	13.1
	n = 16	n = 34	n = 9	n = 16	n = 32	n = 6	n = 8
NSAID+ASA(%)	26.6	66.6	6.8	21.2	57.6	15.2	6
	n = 4	n = 10	n = 1	n = 7	n = 19	n = 5	n = 2
No	27.6	65.6	3.4	25.9	59.3	3.7	11.1
No NSAID/ASA
(%)	n = 16	n = 38	n = 2	n = 7	n = 16	n = 1	n = 3