Hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt: A single center study over a decade

Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of CLD patients attending CLC during the period 1993-2002

	Total registered (n = 22 450)		HCC negative (n = 21 122)		HCC positive (n = 1 328)
Age (P = 0.000)
<40	5 670	25.3	5 591	26.5	79	5.9
40-59	13 717	61.1	12 858	60.9	859	64.7
60+	3 063	13.6	2 673	12.7	390	29.4
Sex (P = 0.000)
Men	17 442	77.7	16 308	77.2	1 134	85.4
Women	5 008	22.3	4 814	22.8	194	14.6
Residence (P = 0.000)
Rural	16 882	75.2	15 805	74.8	1 078	81.2
Urban	5 568	24.8	5 317	25.2	250	18.8
Blood transfusion (P = 0.004)
No	19 548	87.1	18 426	87.2	1 122	84.5
Yes	2 902	12.9	2 696	12.8	206	15.5
Schistosomiasis (P = 0.000)
No	10 126	45.1	9 617	45.5	509	38.3
Yes	12 324	54.9	11 505	54.5	819	61.7
HCV-Ab (P = 0.000)
Negative	6 209	27.7	6 035	28.6	174	13.1
Positive	16 241	72.3	15 087	71.4	1 154	86.9
HBsAg (P = 0.000)
Negative	17 864	79.6	16 913	80.1	951	71.6
Positive	4 586	20.4	4 209	19.9	377	28.4

Table 2 Annual number and proportion of HCC among chronic liver diseased patients attending CLC during the period 1993-2002

	Total registered	HCC
	n	n	%
1993	2 636	106	4
1994	2 160	106	4.9
1995	2 054	109	5.3
1996	2 236	130	5.8
1997	2 154	127	5.9
1998	2 459	155	6.3
1999	2 448	162	6.6
2000	2 449	164	6.7
2001	2 064	140	6.8
2002	1 790	129	7.2
Total	22 450	1 328	5.9

χ² = 33.5, df = 9, P = 0.0000.

Table 3 Comparison of the main risk factors and pattern of HCC between period I and II of the study among CLD patients attending CLC

	1993-1997		1998-2002		P
	HCC (n = 578)		HCC (n = 750)
	n	%	n	%
Age (yr)					0.387
<40	36	6.2	43	5.7
40-59	362	62.6	497	66.3
60+	180	31.1	210	28
Sex					0.009
Male	477	82.5	657	87.6
Female	101	17.5	93	12.4
Residence					0.411
Rural	475	82.2	603	80.4
Urban	103	17.8	147	19.6
Schistosomiasis	371	64.2	448	59.7	0.098
Blood transfusion	113	19.6	93	12.4	0.00
HCV-Ab	495	85.6	659	87.9	0.233
HBsAg	223	38.6	154	20.5	0.00
Co-infection (HBV+HCV)	156	27	81	10.8	0.00
Non B Non C	16	2.8	18	2.4	0.673
α-Fetoprotein (≥200 ng/mL)	90	15.6	217	28.9	0.00
Number of lesions					0.006
Unifocal	264	45.7	286	38.1
Multifocal	314	54.3	464	61.9
Site of lesion
Right lobe	339	58.7	524	69.9	0.00
Left lobe	73	12.6	105	14
Both	166	28.7	121	16.1
Size of lesion				0.00
1≤3.0 cm	86	14.9	170	22.7
>3.0 cm	492	85.1	580	77.3
PVT2	104	18	134	17.9	0.953

¹May be eligible for intervention!

²PVT; portal vein thrombosis.

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis of various HCC risk factors and PAR% among patients attending CLC during the period 1993-2002

	OR	95%CI	P	PAR%
Age (yr)			0.0
<40	1.0	Reference		-
40-59	3.7	2.0-6.7		-
60+	11.2	5.7-21.9		-
Sex			0.0
Men	2.9	1.7-4.8		-
Women	1.0	Reference		-
Residence			0.654
Rural	1.0	Reference		-
Urban	0.9	0.6-1.4		-
Blood transfusion			0.908
No	1.0	Reference		-
Yes	1.0	0.6-1.5		-
Schistosomiasis			0.906
No	1.0	Reference		-
Yes	1.1	0.7-1.5		-
HCV-Ab			0.002
Negative	1.0	Reference		-
Positive	2.0	1.3-3.0		42.0
HBsAg			0.001
Negative	1.0	Reference		-
Positive	2.5	1.4-4.4		23.4