Clinical features and risk factors of patients with fatty liver in Guangzhou area

Table 1 Possible causes of fatty liver and its comparison with non-fatty liver group (%)

Factors	Fatty liver group(n = 413)	Non-fatty liver group(n = 200)
Alcohol abuse	51(12.4)b	7(3.5)
Obesity	244(59.1)b	17(8.5)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	206(49.9)b	15(7.5)
Hyperlipidemia	276(66.8)b	63(31.5)
Hypertriglyceridemia	92(22.3)b	17(8.5)
Hypercholesterolemia	64(15.5)	35(17.5)
Mixed Hyperlipidemia	120(29.1)b	11(5.5)
HBV infection	50(12.1)	31(15.5)
HCV infection	34(8.2)	10(5.0)
History of drugs and toxins	6(1.5)	2(1.0)

^bP < 0.001, vs Non-fatty liver group.

Table 2 Multivariate stepwise logistic regression

Variables	®	SE	OR	95%CI	P-value
Obesity	3.054	0.354	21.204	10.539-42.429	0.000
Alcohol abuse	2.923	0.509	18.601	6.585-50.432	0.000
Type 2 diabetes	1.495	0.354	4.461	2.228-8.952	0.022
mellitus
TG	1.365	0.268	3.916	2.316-6.621	0.000
LDL-C	0.610	0.184	1.840	1.283-2.640	0.001
FPG	0.429	0.094	1.535	1.278-1.846	0.000
Apo B	-1.590	0.530	0.204	0.072-0.576	0.003

β: partial regression coefficient; SE: standard error of partial regression coefficient; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.

Table 3 Abnormal liver function in the patients with fatty liver and non-fatty liver (%)

Liver function	Fatty liver group(n = 413)	Non-fatty liver group(n = 200)
AST (≥ 40 U)	85(20.6)	38(19.0)
(40-80 U)	65(15.7)	26(13.0)
(≥ 80 U)	20(4.8)	12(6.0)
ALT (≥ 40 U)	129(31.2)a	37(18.5)
(40-80 U)	84(20.3)a	26(13.0)
(≥ 80 U)	45(10.9)a	11(5.5)
AST/ALT ( < 1)	161(39.0)a	28(14.0)
(≥ 2)	23(5.6)a	54(27.0)
ALB ( ≤ 35 g/L)	16(3.9)	15(7.5)
GLB (≥ 30 g/L)	42(10.2)	29(14.5)
A/G ( ≤ 1.5)	84(20.3)	47(23.5)
GGT (≥ 50 U/L)	145(35.1)a	46(23.0)
TBIL (≥ 17.1 μmol/L)	75(18.2)	39(19.5)

^aP < 0.05, vs Non-fatty liver group.

Table 4 Comparison of laboratory abnormalities among AFL, NAFL and control groups (%)

Biochemical Index	AFL group(n = 28)	NAFL group(n = 301)	Control group(n = 163)
TG (≥ 1.7 mmol/L)	2(7.1)a	169(56.2)c	27(17.7)
CHOL (≥ 5.2 mmol/L)	2(7.1)a	148(49.2)c	35(22.9)
HDL-C ( ≤ 1.0 mmol/L)	9(32.1)a	35(11.6)	27(17.7)
LDL-C (≥ 2.6 mmol/L)	12(42.9)a	214(71.1)	97(63.4)
Apo AI ( ≤ 1.2 mmol/L)	13(46.4)	118(39.2)	45(29.4)
Apo B (≥ 1.1 mmol/L)	4(14.3)ac	149(49.5)e	53(34.6)
UA (≥ 452 mg/dL)	5(17.9)	89(29.6)e	18(11.8)
AST (≥ 40 U)	12(42.9)ac	51(16.9)	24(15.7)
ALT (≥ 40 U)	10(35.7)c	87(28.9)e	26(17.0)
AST/ALT ( < 1)	11(39.3)c	168(55.8)e	31(20.3)
(≥ 2)	5(17.9)a	15(5.0)e	40(26.1)
ALB ( ≤ 35 g/L)	3(10.7)	9(3.0)	7(4.6)
GLB (≥ 30 g/L)	3(10.7)	32(10.6)	20(13.1)
A/G ( ≤ 1.5)	7(25.0)	64(21.3)	31(20.3)
GGT (≥ 50 U/L)	10(35.7)	95(31.6)e	30(19.6)
TBIL (≥ 17.1 μmol/L)	6(21.4)	50(16.6)	30(19.6)

^aP < 0.05, vs NAFL group;

^cP < 0.05, vs control group;

^eP < 0.05, vs control group.