Human cyclosporiosis in Turkey

Table 1 Similarities and differences between Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis[10]

Similarities	C. cayetanensis	C. parvum
Acid-fast staining of oocysts	Variable acid-fast	Acid-fast
Number of infective units	4	4
(sporozoites) per sporulated oocyst
Completion of life cycle within humans	Yes, except for sporulation	Yes
Multiplication outside the host (e.g. in water or food)	No	No
Differences
Size of oocysts	8-10 µm in diameter (intermediate	Average width of 4.5 µm and
	in size between Cryptosporidium	average length of 5 µm
	parvum and Isospora belli)
Number of organisms in stools of	Typically excreted in low	Often excreted in somewhat
symptomatic nonimmune hosts	to moderate number	higher numbers
Autofluorescence of oocyst wall	Yes	No
Internal morphology of sporulated oocysts	Each oocyst has 2 internal	The 4 sporozoites are naked
	sporocysts, each contains 2 sporozoites	within the oocyst
Infectivity of oocysts in freshly excreted stool	Must sporulate outside host to	Fully sporulated and infectious
	become infectious	when excreted (sporozoites can
		be visualised when oocysts are excreted
Zoonotic potential	Host range unknown	Infects virtually all commonly known
		wild and domestic mammals
Location in enterocytes of small bowel	Intracytoplasmic within	Intracellular, extracytoplasmic, within
	a parasitophorous vacuole	a parasitophorous vacuole at luminal
	in apical supranuclear region	surface of enterocyte
Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents	Treatment with TMP-SMZ leads to	Some antimicrobial agents
	both clinical and parasitologic cure	(e.g. paromomycin) may cause clinical
		improvement, but no agents has been
		consistently demonstrated to provide
		parasitologic cure