Hepatic encephalopathy as a complication of liver disease

Figure 1 Parietal ¹H-MNR spectra from (A) a healthy person, patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis and latent (subclinical) HE (B) and manifest grade I-II HE (C). An increase in the glutamine/ glutamate signal (Glx) and a decrease of the inositol signal (Ino) is observed. Further abbreviations: Cho, choline; Cr, creatine; N-acetylaspartate (NAA)[18].

Figure 2 Parietal ¹H-MNR spectra from a 47-year-old patient with alcoholic cirrhosis 3 days before and 7 days after implantation of TIPS, showing an increased Glx signal and a decreased Ino signal. For abbreviations see Figure 1[18].