Endoscopic appearance of esophageal hematomas

Figure 1 Endoscopic appearance of esophageal hematom as. a: Stage I esophageal hematoma. There is no surrounding edema. Patient was asymptomatic; b. Stage II esophageal hematoma after an esophageal biopsy. Note the surrounding tissue edema; c. Stage III hematoma induced by esopha geal dilation of a stricture. There is edema and separation of the surface mucosal layer that is partially obliterating the lumen. Patient was asymptomatic; d. Stage IV esophageal hematoma related to recent transesophageal echocardiography. Edema and clot formation led to complete obliteration of the esophageal lumen and hematemesis.