Early postnatal characteristics and differential diagnosis of choledochal cyst and cystic biliary atresia

Figure 1 The maximum longitudinal and transverse diameters of the cysts were measured using preoperative ultrasound.

Figure 2 Receiver operating characteristic curves. A: γ-glutamyl transferase; B: Total bile acid; C: Direct bilirubin; D: Total bilirubin; E: Aspartate aminotransferase; F: Alanine aminotransferase; G: The maximum longitudinal diameter of the cysts; H: The maximum transverse diameter of the cysts. AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; TBA: Total bile acid; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; LDC: Longitudinal diameter of the cysts; TDC: Transverse diameter of the cysts.

Figure 3 Feature selection and parameter determination process of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model. A: Coefficient variation trends of feature variables under different penalty coefficients λ; B: Mean square error trends in cross-validation of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model under different λ values; C: Final feature coefficient weights (coefficients) determined based on the optimal λ value. GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; TBA: Total bile acid; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; LDC: Longitudinal diameter of the cysts; TDC: Transverse diameter of the cysts.

Figure 4 Performance evaluation of a multilayer perceptron classification model. A: Receiver operating characteristic curve for the multilayer perceptron (MLP) model; B: Decision curve analysis for the MLP model; C: Confusion matrix for the MLP model; D: Sample prediction scores from the MLP model sorted by prediction value. MLP: Multilayer perceptron; DCA: Decision curve analysis; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 5 Operational interface of the multilayer perceptron-based differential diagnosis system for choledochal cyst and cystic biliary atresia. GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; TBA: Total bile acid; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; LDC: Longitudinal diameter of the cysts; TDC: Transverse diameter of the cysts.