Heparanase inhibition leads to improvement in patients with acute gastrointestinal injuries induced by sepsis

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the participant selection. LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin.

Figure 2 Comparisons of heparanase and syndecan-1 levels between the two groups. A: Heparanase; B: Syndecan-1. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.001. HPA: Heparanase.

Figure 3 Comparisons of acute gastrointestinal injury grades, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, D-lactate, motilin, and gastrin levels between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves of heparanase, D-lactate and intestinal fatty acid binding protein. A: Acute gastrointestinal injury grades; B: Intestinal fatty acid binding protein; C: D-lactate; D: Motilin; E: Gastrin; F: Receiver operating characteristic curves of heparanase, D-lactate and intestinal fatty acid binding protein. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.001. AGI: acute gastrointestinal injury; HPA: Heparanase; IFABP: Intestinal fatty acid binding protein; AUC: Area under the curve.

Figure 4 Comparisons of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, activated partial thromboplastin time, D-dimer, anti-Xa, and CD4/CD8 levels between the two groups. A: Interleukin-6; B: Tumor necrosis factor-α; C: Activated partial thromboplastin time; D: D-dimer; E: Anti-Xa; F: CD4/CD8. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.001. IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time.

Figure 5 Comparisons of LC3B levels between the two groups. ^bP < 0.001.

Figure 6 Comparisons of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay, and survival probability within 28 d between the two groups. A: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score; B: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score; C: Length of intensive care unit stay; D: Length of hospital stay; E: Survival probability within 28 d. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.001. APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ICU: Intensive care unit.