Analysis of invasiveness and tumor-associated macrophages infiltration in solid pseudopapillary tumors of pancreas

Figure 1 Computed tomography imaging, specimen and histopathologic features of capsulized and invasive solid pseudopapillary tumors. A, C and E: For the capsulized solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs), computed tomography (CT) imaging (A) and specimen (C) showed a clear distinction from surrounding pancreatic tissue, and an intact fibrous envelope on the tumor margin on hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained section (E); B, D and F: Invasive SPT was indistinguishable from surrounding normal pancreatic tissue on CT imaging (B) and in the specimen (D), and tumor cells showed infiltrative growth into normal pancreatic tissue on HE-stained section (F). N: Normal pancreas tissue; T: Tumor. *Tumor margin.

Figure 2 Invasion group showed increased tumor-associated CD68-positive macrophage infiltration compared with capsule group by immunohistochemical analysis. A-F: Immunohistochemical-stained imaging and analysis of tumor (A-C) and peritumor (D-F) infiltrated with CD68-positive macrophages in representative patients from the capsule (A, D) and invasion (B, E) groups. N: Normal pancreas tissue. ^bP< 0.01; ^dP < 0.0001.

Figure 3 Invasion group showed increased tumor-associated CD163-positive M2-like macrophage infiltration compared with capsule group by immunohistochemical analysis. A-F: Immunohistochemical-stained images and analysis of tumor (A-C) and peritumor (D-F) tissues infiltrated with CD163-positive M2-like macrophages in representative patients from the capsule (A, D) and invasion (B, E) groups. N: Normal pancreas tissue. ^dP < 0.0001.

Figure 4 Tumor-associated macrophage infiltration in liver metastasis sites of solid pseudopapillary tumor patients. A and B: Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the liver metastasis site of representative solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) patients; C-H: Immunohistochemical-stained imaging and analysis of intratumor and peritumor CD68 (C-E) and CD163 (F-H) expression in the liver metastasis site of representative SPT patients. N: Normal hepatic tissue; NS: No significance.