Recent advances in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in Billroth II gastrectomy patients: A systematic review

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the study. ¹Case report (n = 28), review (n = 15), abstract (n = 13), letter (n = 7), and commentary (n = 6).

Figure 2 Side-viewing endoscopy. A: Naïve papilla; En face view can be obtained with ease. The direction of bile duct is reversed (arrow); B: Selective cannulation can be achieved with assistance of elevator; C: Sphincter management with papillary balloon dilation; endoscopic view; D: Sphincter management with papillary balloon dilation; fluoroscopic view; E: Common bile duct stone was removed by basket.

Figure 3 Cap-fitting forward-viewing endoscopy. A: Naïve papilla; It is difficult to obtain en face view. The direction of bile duct is reversed (arrow); B: Gastroscope of 7 o’clock position working channel; Sphincter management with inverted sphincterotome; C: Pediatric colonoscope of 5 o’clock position working channel; D: Endobiliary biopsy was performed in distal common bile duct stricture; E: Bilateral uncovered metal stents were inserted in the malignant hilar stricture.