Brucea javanica oil emulsion improves the effect of radiotherapy on esophageal cancer cells by inhibiting cyclin D1-CDK4/6 axis

Figure 1 The inhibitory effect on esophageal carcinoma cells by Brucea javanica oil emulsion. A: Dose-response assays. The viability rates of HEEC and esophageal carcinoma cells lines were analyzed with BJOE. At least three repeats were carried out, and the mean ± SD is presented; B: The values of EC50 and LC50 of all cell lines. BJOE: Brucea javanica oil emulsion; SD: Standard deviation.

Figure 2 The migration and invasion of esophageal carcinoma cells treated with Brucea javanica oil emulsion. Wound healing assays (A) and transwell invasion assays (B) were used in 8 μg/mL of Brucea javanica oil emulsion. At least three repeats were carried out, and the mean ± SD was presented, ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01. BJOE: Brucea javanica oil emulsion; SD: Standard deviation.

Figure 3 The promotion of the apoptotic rate of esophageal carcinoma cells during radiotherapy in combination with Brucea javanica oil emulsion. A: The viability of EC109 and JAR treaded with BJOE and radiotherapy; B: The values of EC50 and LC50 of EC109 and JAR; C: Clonogenic assays using radiotherapy in combination with BJOE (C) and cell apoptotic detection (D). In all the above, at least three repeats were carried out, and the mean ± SD is presented, ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01. BJOE: Brucea javanica oil emulsion; SD: Standard deviation; EC50: Half-maximal effective concentration; LC50: Half-maximal lethal concentration.

Figure 4 Brucea javanica oil emulsion radiosensitizes esophageal carcinoma cells via cyclin D1-CDK4/6 axis. A: Western blot analysis and the relative expression of BCL-2, BAX, and p21; B: Western blot analysis and the relative expression of WEE1, Cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6. Above will be decapitalized as mean ± SD, ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01. BJOE: Brucea javanica oil emulsion; CDK: Cyclin-dependent kinase.