Impaired granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor bioactivity accelerates surgical recurrence in ileal Crohn’s disease

Figure 1 Comparison of survival Kaplan-Meier curves of patients according to disease behavior. Log-rank test, P = 0.0037. CD: Crohn’s disease.

Figure 2 Serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor auto-antibodies levels in patients with Crohn’s disease stratified by smoking status. The log₁₀ transformation of serum GM-CSF Ab (in micrograms per milliliter) is shown. The middle line represents the median, and the lower edge and the upper edge of the box represent the 25% and 75% quartiles, respectively. The bottom and top lines represent the minimum and maximum values, respectively. There were 201 non-smokers, 180 smokers and 27 ex-smokers with CD. Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post-test revealed significant differences between non-smokers and smokers and between smokers and ex-smokers. GM-CSF Ab: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor auto-antibodies; CD: Crohn’s disease.