Technical advances in external radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 The radiotherapy plans of different radiotherapy techniques for hepatocellular carcinoma. A: 2-dimensional radiotherapy (2D-RT); B: 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT); C: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT); D: dose volume histogram of the tumor (blue) and normal liver (brown). IMRT plan shows the best liver sparing while 2D-RT shows the worst liver sparing.

Figure 2 The stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy plan using the VERO system.

Figure 3 The comparison of dose distributions in 3 stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy plans for a representative case. The static plan using the motion encompassing technique is shown in the left column. The gating and tracking plans are shown in the middle and right column, respectively.