Pharmacokinetic drug interactions in liver disease: An update

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1260

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Jan 21, 2016 (publication date) through Dec 27, 2024

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2016; 22(3): 1260-1278
Published online Jan 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1260

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Figure 1 Metabolic pathways of theophylline. Numbers in parentheses indicate percentages of urinary metabolites in adult humans. Theophylline is hydroxylated at the C₈ position to form 1,3-dimethyluric acid and demethylated at the N₁ and N₃ positions, to yield 3-methylxanthine and 1-methylxanthine, respectively. The latter undergoes subsequent oxidation, by xanthine oxidase, to 1-methyluric acid. CYP1A2 is responsible for about 80% of theophylline metabolism[30].

Citation: Palatini P, De Martin S. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions in liver disease: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(3): 1260-1278
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i3/1260.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1260