Enterocyte dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin expression in inflammatory bowel disease

Figure 1 Immunohistochemistry of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal tissue samples from A: Control patient; B: Ulcerative colitis patient; C: Crohn’s disease patient (magnification × 200).

Figure 2 Inflammatory bowel disease activity in patients with and without dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin expression. Disease activity was assessed in dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) + and DC-SIGN- patients using the A: Pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index (PCDAI); and the B: Pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI).

Figure 3 Histology, disease activity index, and cytokine expression profiles in mouse splenic CD4⁺ T cells. A: Hematoxylin and eosin staining in intestinal tissue (magnification × 200); B: Disease activity index (DAI) scores; C: Histopathology scores from examination of intestinal biopsies; D: Interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 expression levels in mouse splenic CD4⁺ T cells. a: control group, b: dextran sodium sulfate-treated group, c: anti-P-selectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody-treated group; ^aP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.01 vs control.

Figure 4 Expression of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin, CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex II. A: dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) immunostaining in intestinal samples from BALB/c mice (magnification × 200); B: Flow cytometric analysis of DC-SIGN, CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II in mouse intestinal epithelial cells. a: Control group, b: Dextran sodium sulfate-treated group, c: Anti-P-selectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody-treated group.

Figure 5 T lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation induced by mouse intestinal epithelial cells. A: Flow cytometric analysis of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 levels in CD4⁺ T cells; B: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in co-culture supernatants; C: Flow cytometric analysis of T cell proliferation (0, undivided cells; 1, generation 1; 2, generation 2; 3, generation 3; 4, generation 4; 5, generation 5). a: Control group, b: Dextran sodium sulfate-treated group, c: Anti-P-selectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody-treated group; ^aP < 0.05 vs controls; ^cP < 0.05 vs dextran sodium sulfate-treated group. No significant changes in IFN-γ groups.

Figure 6 T lymphocyte differentiation induced by mouse dendritic cells. Flow cytometric analysis of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 levels in mouse CD11c⁺ dendritic cells. A: Control group; B: Dextran sodium sulfate-treated group; C: Anti-P-selectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody-treated group.