Accommodation and peristalsis are functional responses to obstruction in rat hypertrophic ileum

Figure 1 Basal intestinal tone. Changes in basal intestinal tone of normal (N), control (C) and hypertrophic (H) ileal segments, expressed as values of intraluminal pressure (mmHg), exposed to different subsequent conditions: hydrostatic pressure of 5 cm H₂O (Low distens), electrical field stimulation (EFS), NANC conditions (NANC), incubation with N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 300 μmol/L (L-NAME), incubation with α-chymotrypsin 10 IU/mL (α-chymo). Each value is the mean ± SE of 5 distinct experiments per group. ^bP < 0.001 vs corresponding normal values; ^dP < 0.001 vs corresponding control values; ^eP < 0.05; ^hP < 0.001; analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni’s post-test.

Figure 2 Motor responses to electrical field stimulation. Original tracings representing changes of intraluminal pressure of ileal segments in basal conditions and following subsequent application of a hydrostatic pressure of 5 cm H₂O (Low distens), EFS (30 V, 1 ms, 3 Hz, trains lasting 20 s every 120 s) and NANC conditions (NANC). A: Normal tissues; B: Control tissues; C: Hypertrophic tissues; D: Area under the pressure-time curve of motor responses in normal (N), control (C) and hypertrophic (H) ileal segments following subsequent application of a hydrostatic pressure of 5 cm H₂O (Low distens), EFS (30 V, 1 ms, 3 Hz, trains lasting 20 s every 120 s), NANC conditions (NANC), incubation with L-NAME 300 μmol/L (L-NAME) and incubation with α-chymotrypsin 10 IU/mL (α-chymo). Each value is the mean ± SE of 5 distinct experiments per group. ^bP < 0.01 vs corresponding normal values; ^cP < 0.05 vs corresponding control values; ^fP < 0.01; ^hP < 0.001; analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni’s post-test.

Figure 3 Distension-induced motility. Original tracings representing changes of intraluminal pressure of ileal segments in basal conditions and following application of a hydrostatic pressure of 8 cm H₂O (high distens). A: Normal tissues; B: Control tissues; C: Hypertrophic tissues; D-F: Motor responses in normal (N), control (C) and hypertrophic (H) ileal segments following application of a hydrostatic pressure of 8 cm H₂O (high distens) and incubation with ketanserin 1 μmol/L (K), ondansetron 1 (O1) or 10 (O10) μmol/L or GR125487 1 μmol/L (GR). D: Amplitude (area under the pressure-time curve or AUC); E: Height; F: Frequency. Each value is the mean ± SE of 5 distinct experiments per group. ^bP < 0.001 vs corresponding normal values; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.001 vs corresponding control values; ^eP < 0.05; ^hP < 0.01. Analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni’s post-test.

Figure 4 Average compliance of hypertrophic ileum. Changes of the average compliance of hypertrophic intestinal wall following application of a hydrostatic pressure of 8 cm H₂O (high distens.) and incubation with ketanserin 1 μmol/L (K), ondansetron 1 (O1) or 10 (O10) μmol/L or GR125487 1 μmol/L (GR). Each value is the mean ± SE of 5 distinct experiments per group.

Figure 5 Cellular localization of 5-HT3 receptors in control and hypertrophic ileum. Confocal images (0.5 μm sections; scale bar 20 μm) of myenteric plexus neurons isolated from control and hypertrophic ileal tissues. A: Image showing 5-HT3 receptor immunoreactivity visualized using donkey-anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) conjugated with AlexaFluor 488 (green); B: Image showing clathrin immunoreactivity visualized using a donkey-anti-mouse IgG conjugated with Dylight 549 (red); C: Merged images from A and B; D: Image showing 5-HT3 receptor immunoreactivity visualized using donkey-anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with AlexaFluor 488 (green); E: Image showing clathrin immunoreactivity visualized using a donkey-anti-mouse IgG conjugated with Dylight 549 (red); F: Merged images from D and E.