Histological and biochemical alterations in early-stage lobar ischemia-reperfusion in rat liver

Figure 1 Zone 3 cytoplasmic vacuolation and hepatocyte bleb formation in the liver subjected to 60 min ischemia only. A: The white arrow shows cytoplasmic vacuolation and the black arrows show the cytoplasmic blebs formation with light microscopy; B: The arrows shows the cytoplasmic blebs with electron microscopy.

Figure 2 Histological changes in the livers exposed to 60 min lobar ischemia followed by different times of reperfusion. A: Nuclear pyknosis (P), nuclear fragmentation (F) and cytoplasmic vacuolation in the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion; B: Apoptotic bodies (A.B) and nuclear fragmentation (F) in the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion; C: Nuclear fragmentation (F), apoptotic cell (A.C) and apoptotic bodies (A.B) in the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by120 min reperfusion.

Figure 3 Apoptotic bodies of an endothelial origin apoptotic cell phagocyted by a hepatocyte in the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion.

Figure 4 A summary of statistical analysis of histological alterations in the livers exposed to ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion. A: Hepatic changes in the liver exposed to 60 min lobar ischemia only; B: Changes in the liver subjected to 60 min ischemia followed by short, middle and long times of reperfusion in which: 0= Normal or no changes, +: Mild injury, ++: Moderate injury, +++: Severe injury; 0 < A.C/A.B ≤ 2 = +, 2 < A.C/A.B ≤ 5 = ++, 5 < A.C, A.B = +++.

Figure 5 Confirmation of apoptosis by IHC assay in the staining sections of livers exposed to ischemia-reperfusion and the presence of apoptosis cells and/or apoptotic bodies. A: Representative staining patterns for APAF-1 positive, illustrating the occurrence of apoptosis in the sections of the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by long time of reperfusion; B: APAF-1 positive staining that shows the high level of apoptosis incidence in the pericentral area of the liver exposed to 60 min ischemia followed by long time of reperfusion.