Improvement of barrier function and stimulation of colonic epithelial anion secretion by Menoease Pills

Figure 1 Effects of MP pretreatment on transepithelial electrophysiological characteristics. Comparison of potential difference (A) transepithelial I_SC (B) and transepithelial resistance (C) in T₈₄ cells with and without MP (15 mg/mL, 72 h) pretreatment. Values are mean ± SE; ^{a (b)}P < 0.01; ^{b (a)}P < 0.05; ^{c (d)}P < 0.001.

Figure 2 RT-PCR analyses of mRNA expressions of ZO-1 and ZO-2 in T₈₄ cells. (A) RT-PCR results with products as expected of ZO-1 and ZO-2 found in control, MP pretreatment and ligustrazine pretreatment. Semi-quantitative analyses of ZO-1 (B) and ZO-2 (C) expressions in T₈₄ cells without and with MP or ligustrazine pretreatment, which were shown in ratio of ZO-1 or ZO-2 to GAPDH (internal marker). Values are mean ± SE; ^aP and ^{b (c)}P < 0.05; ^{c (d)}P < 0.001.

Figure 3 MP-induced I_SC in T₈₄ cell lines. A: Representative I_SC recordings in response to MP (10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/mL) added to the apical side. Arrowheads indicate the time of MP addition. B: The concentration-response curve for MP-induced responses. Different concentrations of MP were added to the apical side and each data was obtained from at least 3 individual experiments. Values are mean ± SE of maximal I_SC increase.

Figure 4 Anion dependence of MP-induced ISC. A: Representative I_SC recording with arrows indicating the time for apical addition of MP (500 mg/mL) and DPC (1 mmol/L). B: Summary of the effects of DPC (1 mmol/L, apical), glibenclamide (1 mmol/L, apical), bumetanide (100 mmol/L, basolateral), amiloride (10 mmol/L, apical) and DIDS (100 mmol/L, apical) on MP-induced I_SC. Values are mean ± SE; ^bP < 0.01.

Figure 5 Anion dependence of ligustrazine-induced I_SC. A: Representative I_SC recording with arrows indicating the time for apical addition of ligustrazine (1 mmol/L) and glibemclamide (1 mmol/L). B: Summary of the effects of removal of extracellular Cl^-, basolateral addition of bumetanide (100 mmol/L) and apical addition of DPC (1 mmol/L) on ligustrazine-induced I_SC. Values are mean ± SE; ^dP, ^bP and ^fP < 0.001.