Titanium dioxide induced inflammation in the small intestine

doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i34.4729

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2012; 18(34): 4729-4735
Published online Sep 14, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i34.4729

Titanium dioxide induced inflammation in the small intestine

Carolina Maciel Nogueira, Walter Mendes de Azevedo, Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli, Sérgio Hiroshi Toma, André Zonetti de Arruda Leite, Maria Laura Lordello, Iêda Nishitokukado, Carmen Lúcia Ortiz-Agostinho, Maria Irma Seixas Duarte, Marcelo Alves Ferreira, Aytan Miranda Sipahi

Carolina Maciel Nogueira, André Zonetti de Arruda Leite, Maria Laura Lordello, Iêda Nishitokukado, Carmen Lúcia Ortiz-Agostinho, Aytan Miranda Sipahi, Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Cerqueira César, 01246-900 São Paulo, Brazil

Walter Mendes de Azevedo, Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, Brazil

Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli, Department of Pathology, Veterinary Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil

Sérgio Hiroshi Toma, Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, 05513-970 São Paulo, Brazil

Maria Irma Seixas Duarte, Laboratory of Transmissible Disease, Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Cerqueira César, 01246-900 São Paulo, Brazil

Marcelo Alves Ferreira, Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Cerqueira César, 01246-900 São Paulo, Brazil

Author contributions: Nogueira CM is the main researcher to perform the present study; de Azevedo WM synthetized TiO₂ nanoparticles; Dagli MLZ carried out histopathological evaluation of tissue; Toma SH helped and supported in all matters related to micro- and nanoparticles providing information on how to store and handle them as well as on how to prevent particle aggregation before their use in animals, and also determined the size and phase of particles; Duarte MIS helped standardize immunohistochemistry reactions; Leite AZA helped standardize the experimental protocol and most of the experiments; Lordello ML, Nishitokukado I, Ortiz-Agostinho CL helped in most of the experiments; Ferreira MA provided the transmission eletron mycroscopy images of the particles; and Sipahi AM designed the study.

Supported by The Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Correspondence to: Dr. Aytan Miranda Sipahi, Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology (LIM 07), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira César, 01246-900 São Paulo, Brazil. aytan@usp.br

Telephone: +55-11-30617279 Fax: +55-11-30617279

Received: September 28, 2011
Revised: May 31, 2012
Accepted: June 15, 2012
Published online: September 14, 2012

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