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Subudhi L, Thatoi H, Banerjee A. Anti-inflammatory activity of essential oil from medicinal plants: An insight into molecular mechanism, in-silico studies and signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 138:156364. [PMID: 39862791 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2024] [Revised: 12/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants have historically been the cornerstone of treatment for a myriad of ailments. With modern pharmacology, many contemporary drugs have been derived from traditional medicine practices. Essential oils from these plants, known for their anti-inflammatory capabilities, have played a significant role in treating conditions such as cardiovascular and inflammatory skin diseases, as well as joint inflammation. This study revisits these ancient remedies to further explore their efficacy and mechanisms in the modern context. FOCUS AREA This review focuses on identifying and analysing the primary phytochemical in medicinal plants that exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. The chemical classes of interest include alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which are prevalent in the essential oils derived from therapeutic plants. By understanding their role in modulating molecular pathways, this study aims to highlight their potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. METHODS The study employs in silico techniques such as molecular modelling and docking to examine the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles of selected phytochemical. This approach facilitates a deeper understanding of how these natural compounds interact at the molecular level, either as activators or inhibitors, which can influence various biochemical pathways related to inflammation. RESULTS Preliminary findings suggest that specific phytochemical significantly modulate inflammatory pathways, offering potential therapeutic targets. The analysis reveals that these natural substances can effectively reduce inflammation without the adverse side effects commonly associated with synthetic drugs. The study provides a detailed characterization of the active components within essential oils and their respective anti-inflammatory actions. CONCLUSION The review underscores the immense potential for medicinal plants as a source for developing new and safer pharmaceuticals aimed at treating inflammatory conditions. By harnessing the power of natural phytochemical, there is a promising avenue for creating innovative drug therapies. This study encourages further research into the utilization of natural plant products, promoting a broader application in medicinal treatments and a return to nature-centric solutions in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopamudra Subudhi
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus 2, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus 2, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus 2, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India.
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Zellner L, Wierer M, Himmelsbach M, Schatzmann B, Thalhamer B, Klampfl CW. Determination of Withanolides and Withanosides in Ashwagandha Based Products Using HPLC-Drift-Tube-Ion-Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2025. [PMID: 39965076 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
A total of 19 products based on extracts from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, better known by its more common name ashwagandha, and five products based on ashwagandha root powder were analyzed with respect to their content in the biologically relevant substances belonging to the group of withanolides and withanosides. Using HPLC coupled to drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DT-IM-QTOF-MS), 19 withanolides and withanosides could be tentatively identified. The comparison of the results from the quantitative analysis with the information on the product labels showed that the percentage of withanolides and withanosides deviated from the stated specifications by at least a factor of two and at most a factor of 35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zellner
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Wierer
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Markus Himmelsbach
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Schatzmann
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Thalhamer
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Christian W Klampfl
- Institute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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Tapwal A, Kumar A, Sharma S, Sharma YP. Unveiling the potential of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for growth promotion and phytochemical enrichment in Valeriana jatamansi Jones. Int Microbiol 2025; 28:385-400. [PMID: 38951390 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich sources of pharmaceutically important compounds and have been utilized for the treatment of various diseases since ancient times. Valeriana jatamansi Jones, also known as Indian valerian, holds a special place among temperate Himalayan medicinal plants and is renowned for its therapeutic properties in addressing a variety of ailments. The therapeutic potential of V. jatamansi is attributed to the presence of valuable compounds such as valepotriates, sesquiterpenoids, valeriananoids, jatamanins, lignans, cryptomeridiol, maaliol, xanthorrhizzol, and patchouli alcohol found in its rhizome and roots. This study employed various treatments, including the cultivation of V. jatamansi with the inoculation of Funneliformis mosseae, F. constrictus, and a consortium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to investigate their influence on biomass production, chlorophyll content, and the accumulation of bioactive compounds in V. jatamansi. The results revealed significant improvement in these parameters in the inoculated plants. The parameters of plants inoculated with F. mosseae were the highest, followed by those of plants inoculated with F. constrictus and a mixture of AMFs. This study not only underscores the potential of native AMF for promoting the growth of V. jatamansi but also elucidates their role in influencing the synthesis of bioactive compounds. The cultivation of V. jatamansi with native AMF has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly approach, providing the dual benefit of enhancing both the medicinal and economic value of this valuable plant. This research contributes valuable insights into the practical application of mycorrhizal associations for the cultivation of medicinal plants, bridging the realms of agriculture and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Tapwal
- ICFRE-Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, 171013, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- ICFRE-Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, 171013, India
- Present Address: M.C.M. D.A.V College Kangra, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- ICFRE-Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, 171013, India
| | - Yash Pal Sharma
- Dr. Y.S, Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, 173230, India
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Jakimiuk K, Kruk A, Lemieszek MK, Strawa JW, Granica S, Wiater A, Tomczyk M. Ex vivo biotransformation of lady's mantle extracts via the human gut microbiota: the formation of phenolic metabolites and their impact on human normal and colon cancer cell lines. Front Pharmacol 2025; 16:1504787. [PMID: 39911846 PMCID: PMC11794788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1504787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction For centuries, various species from the genus Alchemilla have been utilized in traditional medicine worldwide. Among them, Alchemilla vulgaris L. (Rosaceae) stands out as a promising herbal drug candidate due to its phytochemicals displaying anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Methods In our study, we investigated the interaction between the human gut microbiota and lady's mantle herb extract (AV) following the biotransformation of the extract's constituents and their impact on colorectal cancer cells (HT-29) and normal CCD 841 CoN epithelial cells. The A. vulgaris herb metabolites were obtained by incubating the extract (AV) with human fecal slurries from three healthy donors (D1, D2, and D3). Results After incubating the AV extract with the human gut microbiota (AVD1-AVD3 samples), thirty-three metabolites were detected and characterized by LC-MS. Among them, one was identified as urolithin C. The AV and AVD1-AVD3 extracts and their metabolites exhibit various levels of antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against cancer cells. Their biological effect might be linked to the changes and direct activity of bioavailable metabolites. Samples from AVD1, AVD2, and AVD3 increase the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from damaged colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. At 250 μg/mL, AVD1, AVD2, and AVD3 elevated the LDH level by 12.6%, 25.3%, and 30.0%, respectively. The biotransformed samples also showed significantly higher antiproliferative activity than the AV extract. The most active sample from donor 3 (AVD3) reached IC50 = 471 μg/mL. Discussion The differences in anticancer effect might be linked to the changes and direct activity of bioavailable metabolites. The non-transformed AV extract affected neither normal nor cancer colon cells, indicating the beneficial effect of the biotransformation procedure on the anticancer properties of the evaluated extracts. The above results clearly indicate that microbial metabolism is a crucial factor that is potent in altering the biological activity of lady's mantle extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kruk
- Microbiota Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jakub W. Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Wiater
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Keshavarz M, Ghorbani M, Shamsizadeh F, Namdari H, Salimi V, Rezaei F. Effects and Mechanisms of Silibinin on Influenza A/H1N1 Pathogenesis in a Mouse Model. J Trop Med 2025; 2025:6618423. [PMID: 39850538 PMCID: PMC11756948 DOI: 10.1155/jotm/6618423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from milk thistle. It has potent immunomodulatory effects and can inhibit the replication of influenza A virus (IAV). The present study aimed to determine the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion patterns in mice before and after silibinin treatment. For this, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were collected from the thoracic cavity 5 days after the intervention, and viral quantification was performed using TaqMan Real-time PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in serum and BAL samples. Finally, pathological damage to lung tissue was assessed by pathologists. The results reveal that silibinin pretreatment exhibits a dose-dependent immunomodulatory effect on IFN-γ and IL-10 levels. After the virus challenge, silibinin reduced immune cell infiltration in mouse BAL fluid. These data similarly suggest a remarkable immunomodulatory effect of silibinin. Silibinin also decreased lung damage following the virus challenge in the post-treatment group, but its lung protective properties seem to be due to a different mechanism than when it was administered before infection. Finally, high doses of silibinin (post-treatment) significantly reduced viral load in BAL fluid compared to the virus challenge group. These results support the idea that therapies aimed at moderating immune and inflammatory responses are essential to decrease the mortality rate caused by IAV infection. Silibinin has strong immunomodulatory properties, can inhibit IAV infection, and reduces lung tissue damage in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Keshavarz
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghorbani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Shamsizadeh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Paramedicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Haideh Namdari
- Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Rezaei
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Public Health, National Influenza Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tegegne BA, Begashaw T, Belay WY, Tariku MK, Zeleke TK, Jemal M, Getinet M, Alehegn AA, Dagne A. Kleinia (Asteraceae): comprehensive review of ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical profiles, ethnopharmacological applications, and toxicological insights. Front Pharmacol 2025; 15:1469887. [PMID: 39845782 PMCID: PMC11750856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1469887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Kleinia is a genus of over 50 species that are commonly used in primary care in several countries. This study seeks to inspire researchers to quickly discover and isolate the key active metabolites found in Kleinia taxa, thereby promoting the development of novel, safe, and effective therapies for a variety of illnesses. To this end, we performed a thorough search of English-language publications from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. Our search utilized keywords such as "ethnobotany," "geographic distribution," "ethnomedicinal use," "phytochemistry," "pharmacological or bioactivities," and "toxicological activities" related to the genus Kleinia. Chemical structures were depicted using Chemdraw® software. Literature highlights numerous Kleinia taxa used in traditional medicine for conditions like intestinal parasites, measles, smallpox, diabetes, edema, nerve disorders, sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal issues, cancer and more. Phytochemical analysis identifies 77 secondary metabolites, mainly alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, and terpenoids and other miscellaneous metabolites. Among the Kleinia taxa, K. anteuphorbium, K. longiflora, K. grandiflora, K. odora, K. squarrosa, K. abyssinica, K. pendula, and K. azoides have been scientifically validated to exhibit various pharmacological activities. However, the existence of potentially harmful metabolites in Kleinia taxa, particularly pyrrolizidine alkaloids, emphasizes the significance of cautious application in traditional medicine and the need for rigorous toxicological assessments. In conclusion, this review highlights the promise of Kleinia taxa as significant medicinal resources and advocates for extensive bioprospecting. It encourages global pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions to conduct thorough investigations of the genus Kleinia to uncover new therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bantayehu Addis Tegegne
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfa Begashaw
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Birhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| | - Wubetu Yihunie Belay
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistie Kassahun Tariku
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markose, Ethiopia
| | - Tirsit Ketsela Zeleke
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Jemal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markose, Ethiopia
| | - Mamaru Getinet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markose, Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Alemu Alehegn
- Department of Pharmacy, Amhara Regional State Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Dagne
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Haysom‐McDowell A, Paudel KR, Yeung S, Kokkinis S, El Sherkawi T, Chellappan DK, Adams J, Dua K, De Rubis G. Recent trends and therapeutic potential of phytoceutical-based nanoparticle delivery systems in mitigating non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Oncol 2025; 19:15-36. [PMID: 39592417 PMCID: PMC11705733 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally, with non-small cell lung cancer accounting for the majority (85%) of cases. Standard treatments including chemotherapy and radiotherapy present multiple adverse effects. Medicinal plants, used for centuries, are traditionally processed by methods such as boiling and oral ingestion, However, water solubility, absorption, and hepatic metabolism reduce phytoceutical bioavailability. More recently, isolated molecular compounds from these plants can be extracted with these phytoceuticals administered either individually or as an adjunct with standard therapy. Phytoceuticals have been shown to alleviate symptoms, may reduce dosage of chemotherapy and, in some cases, enhance pharmaceutical mechanisms. Research has identified many phytoceuticals' actions on cancer-associated pathways, such as oncogenesis, the tumour microenvironment, tumour cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. The development of novel nanoparticle delivery systems such as solid lipid nanoparticles, liquid crystalline nanoparticles, and liposomes has enhanced the bioavailability and targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals and phytoceuticals. This review explores the biological pathways associated with non-small cell lung cancer, a diverse range of phytoceuticals, the cancer pathways they act upon, and the pros and cons of several nanoparticle delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Haysom‐McDowell
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Centre for Inflammation Centenary Institute, Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyAustralia
| | - Stewart Yeung
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Sofia Kokkinis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Tammam El Sherkawi
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Jon Adams
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
| | - Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
- Australian Research Consortium in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, School of Public HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia
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Nagy S, Tague K, Ossorio A, Patel N, Callahan R, Jose E, Tran M, Mejia A, Centrella M, McPhail MN, Junco J, Kesselman MM. The Effects of Yoga on the Mental Health of Individuals With Autoimmune Disorders: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2025; 17:e77669. [PMID: 39968418 PMCID: PMC11835279 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.77669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Yoga has been explored as a health modality to maintain mental and physical health and as a complementary therapy for managing various medical conditions. It has been most recently researched for its ability to decrease inflammatory markers responsible for various ailments. This opens the door for its potential role as an adjunct therapy in inflammatory-led dysfunctions such as autoimmune disorders. Although there has been a robust amount of data on yoga and autoimmune conditions, previous reviews have mostly been limited to the physical improvements that patients experience rather than the mental health changes. This scoping review aims to address the role of yoga as an effective therapy choice in treatment and management options for the mental health symptoms associated with autoimmune disorders. The initial search revealed 211 relevant studies, but following an extensive review, 11 articles were included in the final analysis. Yoga interventions ranged from six weeks to up to six months and included Iyengar yoga, Hatha yoga, and generalized yoga practices that did not fit into a specific subtype. Eight articles analyzed patients with multiple sclerosis, two focused on rheumatoid arthritis and one assessed irritable bowel disease. Between the 11 studies included in this review, the key markers analyzed were stress level, anxiety, sleep, self-efficacy, depression, and emotional fatigue. Significant improvement was found in all these subtypes. Yoga is a viable, non-pharmaceutical treatment for both the physical and mental health components of patients with autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Nagy
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Kelsey Tague
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Angie Ossorio
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Niyati Patel
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Ryan Callahan
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jose
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Mary Tran
- Internal Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Ashley Mejia
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Megan Centrella
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Marissa N McPhail
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Jacqueline Junco
- Neuroimmune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Marc M Kesselman
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
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Murray G, McKnight M, Melton TC. Mental health in rural agricultural workers: The role of a community pharmacist. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2025; 65:102316. [PMID: 39701211 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is one of the United States' oldest occupations, dating back to before the founding of the country, when indigenous farmers maintained the land. Agriculture has since grown into an enormous industry, and with that has come financial and emotional strain impacting the mental health of those who strive to feed the world. Climate, financial, and stress-inducing conditions related to agriculture are leading causes of mental health crises in agricultural workers, putting this population at risk for suicidal ideation. With most farms being family-owned and operated in rural areas of the country, there is limited access to health care to address the mental health concerns occurring within the occupation. Community pharmacists are ideally positioned to bridge the mental health care gap in small-town America. By obtaining training in Mental Health First Aid and becoming equipped with mental health care knowledge, community pharmacists can aid in crisis situations, refer to proper care and support systems, and aid in early intervention with the at-risk agricultural population. By doing so, community pharmacists can strengthen their role as the most accessible health care professionals and gain recognition from a population that often finds it difficult to ask for help in situations related to their mental health. This commentary provides a review of signs and symptoms of psychiatric disorders, early mental health interventions and screening tools, and mental health resources available for pharmacist use. These considerations are necessary to support and inform community pharmacy practice when serving rural agricultural communities.
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Sánchez IC, Segura Caro JA, Galeano E, Alzate F, Ossa-Giraldo AC. Essential oils from Colombian Croton spp. exhibit antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ampicillin- and streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2024; 14:30643. [PMID: 39730332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance, a global public health concern prioritized by the World Health Organization, is particularly alarming in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Urgently addressing this, the search for new antibiotics has turned to plant essential oils. Our study focused essential oils derived from Colombian plants Croton killipianus, Croton smithianus, Croton leptostachyus, Croton hondensis, and Croton gossypiifolius. We performed antimicrobial susceptibility tests targeting Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococus aureus, sensitive Escherichia coli, and ampicillin- and streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli. Simultaneosly, citotoxic assays and chemical analysis were carried out. The essential oil derived from C. hondensis demonstrated superior inhibitory efficacy, effectively targeting methicillin-resistant S. aureus, susceptible S. aureus, and both sensitive and ampicillin- and streptomycin-resistant strains of E. coli. Furthermore, it exhibited notable potential for protective activity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. C. killipianus manifested inhibitory effects against MRSA and susceptible S. aureus, whereas C. smithianus specifically affected susceptible strains of S. aureus. Chemical analysis of the essential oils revealed rich content in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. Gas-coupled mass spectrometry identified key compounds like γ-muurolene, α-humulene, (E)-caryophyllene, α-copaene, curcumene, and (E)-nerolidol. These findings underscore C. hondensis, C. killipianus, and C. smithianus as potential natural sources for antibacterial agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cristina Sánchez
- Infettare Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 50 No. 40-74, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Aicardo Segura Caro
- Biociencias Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 #65-46, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Elkin Galeano
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas -GISB, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fernando Alzate
- Faculty of Exact Sciences, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Claudia Ossa-Giraldo
- Infettare Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 50 No. 40-74, Medellín, Colombia.
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Omogbene TO, Lawal IO, Amoo SO, Adam AA, Gebashe FC, Aremu AO. Plants used for the management of venereal diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and critical assessment of their research status. Trop Med Health 2024; 52:100. [PMID: 39726056 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-024-00651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan Africa faces one of the highest burdens of venereal diseases (VDs) globally. This review aims to critically evaluate the existing literature on the diverse Indigenous knowledge and medicinal plants utilised for treating VDs in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol to guide the execution of the review. Relevant papers from scientific databases and search engines were assessed. The inclusion criteria included literature published from 2008 and May 16, 2024, and assessment of specific predetermined VDs. Medicinal plants based on certain ethnobotanical indices and data were recorded from each literature. RESULTS Among the 131 studies included in this review, a total of 20 relevant ethnobotanical reports were identified, with Nigeria and South Africa having the highest contributions (25% each). A high diversity and richness of 445 ethnobotanically valued anti-venereal plants (99 families) from over 872 Indigenous knowledge holders were inventoried. Plants with the highest diversity of use in traditional treatment of VDs are Cassia abbreviata, Ziziphus mucronata, Ximenia caffra, Catharanthus roseus, and Terminalia prunioides. The most represented families are Fabaceae (15.8%), Cucurbitaceae (5.9%), Solanaceae (5.9%), Euphorbiaceae (5%), and Combretaceae (5%). Roots and leaves were highly utilised with frequencies of 41.5% and 26.3%, respectively. The most used method of preparation are decoctions (36.7%) and infusions (12.2%), whereas oral route (72.9%) dominated the mode of administration of the medicinal plants. CONCLUSIONS This review consolidated data from sub-Saharan Africa-notwithstanding a limited number of studies in quantitative synthesis-and identified a diverse array of ethnobotanically valued anti-venereal plants, enabling meaningful conclusions to be drawn for future ethnopharmacological assessments. Effective plant conservation and advancement of ethnobotanical research in the region require stringent regulations and cross-country collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope O Omogbene
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ibraheem O Lawal
- Biomedicinal Research Centre, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Jericho Hill, P.M.B 5054, Ibadan, 200272, Nigeria
| | - Stephen O Amoo
- Agricultural Research Council - Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Roodeplaat, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Anne A Adam
- Biomedicinal Research Centre, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Jericho Hill, P.M.B 5054, Ibadan, 200272, Nigeria
| | - Fikisiwe C Gebashe
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 4001, South Africa
| | - Adeyemi O Aremu
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 4001, South Africa.
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa.
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Wang M, Zhang S, Li R, Zhao Q. Unraveling the specialized metabolic pathways in medicinal plant genomes: a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1459533. [PMID: 39777086 PMCID: PMC11703845 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1459533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are important sources of bioactive specialized metabolites with significant therapeutic potential. Advances in multi-omics have accelerated the understanding of specialized metabolite biosynthesis and regulation. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have each contributed new insights into biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), metabolic pathways, and stress responses. However, single-omics approaches often fail to fully address these complex processes. Integrated multi-omics provides a holistic perspective on key regulatory networks. High-throughput sequencing and emerging technologies like single-cell and spatial omics have deepened our understanding of cell-specific and spatially resolved biosynthetic dynamics. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in managing large datasets, standardizing protocols, accounting for the dynamic nature of specialized metabolism, and effectively applying synthetic biology for sustainable specialized metabolite production. This review highlights recent progress in omics-based research on medicinal plants, discusses available bioinformatics tools, and explores future research trends aimed at leveraging integrated multi-omics to improve the medicinal quality and sustainable utilization of plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiao Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Phonglo A, Dowerah D, Sarma S, Ahmed N, Dutta P, Basumutary M, Deka RC. Essential oil constituents of regional ethnomedicinal plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M pro: an integrated molecular docking, molecular dynamics and QM/MM study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39688925 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2440148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
The scientific community has achieved a remarkable milestone by creating efficacious vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The treatment alternatives are still restricted, though. The bioactive ingredients present in natural plants are known to exhibit diverse pharmacological effects against many diseases. Using computational techniques such as molecular docking, drug-likeness, ADMET study, MD simulation, and our own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and Molecular mechanics (ONIOM) calculations, this study aimed to investigate essential oil constituents of Lindera neesiana, Litsea cubeba and Zanthoxylum armatum DC plants as a potential natural inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). To determine their binding affinity, 107 phytochemical substances in total were docked inside the binding pocket of Mpro. Copaene showed the highest binding affinity among the 107 compounds, with an energy of -7.90 kcal/mol. Furthermore, physiochemical and ADMET properties were evaluated for the top five phytocompounds. The studied phytocompounds showed good physiochemical and pharmacokinetic behaviour with no associated toxicity. MD simulation further provided evidence for stable interaction of phytocompounds within the binding pocket of Mpro. Subsequently, ONIOM calculation was done on the best-hit complex, wherein the hydrogen bonding interactions were retained with appreciable negative energy. These in silico results indicate that the specific phytocompounds present in essential oils of L. neesiana, L. cubeba, and Z. armatum DC have significant inhibitor ability against SARS-CoV-2 main protease and could be explored for future therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambalika Phonglo
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
- Department of Chemistry, Anandaram Dhekial Phookan College, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Dikshita Dowerah
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Srutishree Sarma
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Najima Ahmed
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Priyanka Dutta
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Moumita Basumutary
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Ramesh Ch Deka
- CMML-Catalysis and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research, Tezpur University, Sonitpur, Assam, India
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14
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Alobaidi S. Renal health benefits and therapeutic effects of parsley ( Petroselinum crispum): a review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1494740. [PMID: 39735703 PMCID: PMC11672790 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1494740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) has been used in traditional medicine for its diverse health benefits, and recent research highlights its potential in promoting renal health due to its bioactive compounds. This review focuses on evaluating the renal health benefits and therapeutic effects of parsley, addressing the growing interest in natural interventions for kidney-related conditions. It aims to consolidate existing evidence while identifying research gaps to support parsley's integration into renal health management. A systematic review of scientific databases was conducted, identifying relevant studies on parsley's biochemical properties, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and essential oils, which contribute to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and nephroprotective effects. Animal studies demonstrated reductions in oxidative stress, improvements in metabolic biomarkers, and enhanced renal function, while limited human studies revealed modest improvements in urinary composition and renal health markers. However, parsley's safety profile, particularly at high doses, requires further investigation, including potential herb-drug interactions and safety during pregnancy. This review highlights parsley's therapeutic potential as a natural agent for renal health and underscores the need for robust clinical trials, long-term safety evaluations, and standardized methodologies to validate its clinical significance.
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15
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Vidal-García E, Vallhonrat-Bueno M, Pla-Consuegra F, Orta-Ramírez A. Efficacy of Lavender Essential Oil in Reducing Stress, Insomnia, and Anxiety in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:2456. [PMID: 39685078 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12232456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES During pregnancy, women can experience stress, anxiety, and insomnia, which affect their health and wellbeing. Since many conventional medications are contraindicated for pregnant women, there is a need to find alternative therapies for alleviating their discomfort. Lavender essential oil (EO) is recognized for its calming and relaxing properties; therefore, our goal was to review current knowledge of lavender EO use to reduce anxiety and stress as well as to improve sleep quality in pregnant women. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search in 11 databases that included clinical trials published between 2000 and 2022. RESULTS Of the 251 articles found, only 6, comprising a total of 413 participants that used lavender EO during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. One trial measured sleep quality, one measured anxiety, two measured both anxiety and stress, and two measured only stress. All studies reported significant (at least p < 0.05) improvement in the respective conditions and no adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained suggest that although the use of lavender EO during pregnancy has shown to have certain efficacy, given the small number of participants and lack of strong scientific literature, more studies are needed to provide further evidence on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulàlia Vidal-García
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vallhonrat-Bueno
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabià Pla-Consuegra
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Orta-Ramírez
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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Bhushan A, Rani D, Lone BA, Tabassum M, Gupta AP, Mondhe DM, Gairola S, Gupta PN, Gupta P. Costunosides A-C: cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from the rhizomes of Aucklandia costus Falc. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:4113-4124. [PMID: 37932233 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2275743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Three new eudesmane type rare sesquiterpene lactone galactosides, costunosides A-C (1-3) were isolated from the rhizomes of Aucklandia costus along with ten known compounds (4-13). Costunosides A-C (1-3) are the first example of naturally eudesmane glycosides containing a β-galactopyranoside moiety. The structure and relative configurations of these compounds were established by comprehensive analysis of MS and, in particular 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic data. The isolated compounds were tested against a panel of human cancer cell lines, where compounds 3, 6 and 7 have shown promising cytotoxic activity against PC-3, HCT-116 and A549 cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 3.4 µM to 9.3 µM, respectively. Costunosides A-C (1-3) were also screened for inhibition assay of acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and found inactive at a concentration of 10 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Bhushan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Dixhya Rani
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Bashir A Lone
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Misbah Tabassum
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ajai P Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Quality Management and Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Dilip M Mondhe
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Plant Sciences and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, HNB Garwal University, Srinagar, India
| | - Prem Narayan Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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17
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Kannan KP, As SG. Anticandidal effect of cinnamic acid characterized from Cinnamomum cassia bark against the fluconazole resistant strains of Candida. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:3655-3666. [PMID: 39046694 PMCID: PMC11711436 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01469-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida spp., causes invasive fungal infections, especially in immune-compromised patients and the propensity of antifungal resistance against azole-based drugs need to be addressed. This study is thus aimed to characterize the anticandidal effect of the cinnamic acid extracted from the barks of Cinnamomum cassia. Five species of Fluconazole-resistant Candida sp. were retrieved from the department repertoire. The extraction of CA was performed by three different methods followed by silica gel column chromatography. Eluant was subjected to FTIR and XRD analysis for confirmation. The anticandidal activity of the CA was checked by the agar disc diffusion method and the MIC and MFC were determined. The anti-biofilm effect of CA was assessed using the CLSM technique followed by the biocompatibility check using MTT assay in normal HGF cell lines. CA was best extracted with the hot maceration method using ethanol with a maximum yield of 6.73 mg. Purification by column chromatography was achieved using benzene, acetic acid, and water (6:7:3) mobile phase. CA was confirmed by FTIR with absorption peaks and by XDR based on strong intensity. CA was found to possess promising anticandidal activity at 8 µg/mL with MIC and MFC values determined as 0.8 µg/mL and 0.08 µg/mL respectively. Antibiofilm activity by CLSM analysis revealed biofilm inhibition and was biocompatible at 8.5 µg/ml concentrations in HGF cell lines until 24 h. The study findings conclude that CA is the best alternative to treat candidal infection warranting further experimental preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannika Parameshwari Kannan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, P.H.Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077, India
| | - Smiline Girija As
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, P.H.Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077, India.
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18
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Cañizares-Carmenate Y, González-Mosquera DM, Perera-Sardiña Y, Hernández-Rodríguez EW, Díaz-Amador R, Castillo-Garit JA, Tuenter E. Natriuretic effect of 4',5-dihydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavonol-3- O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside from Boldoa purpurascens: in silico and in vivo studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39552460 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2426075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous leaf extracts of Boldoa purpurascens are widely used because of their diuretic, natriuretic, antiurolithiatic, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive properties. The major component of the extract is the flavonoid 4',5-dihydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavonol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside, but it is not known if this compound is responsible for the biological activity. The objective of this work is to develop effective in silico tools that allow predicting the possible activity of the flavonoid aglycone as an inhibitor of metalloproteases that regulate renal fluid excretion. First, a mathematical ligand-based classification model was developed, using an artificial intelligence and machine learning technique of support vector machines to find the relationship between chemical structure and biological activity. This showed good fit of the statistical parameters with an accuracy greater than 90%, offering a priori information of the flavonoid activity. Subsequently, the flavonoid aglycone was docked to the active site of the enzymes thermolysin (PDB: 6YMS), angiotensin-converting enzyme (PDB: 6TT4) and neprilysin (PDB: 6SUK) using the Extra Precision glide method (Glide-XP), showing conformations with binding energies lower than -5 Kcal/mol. In this study, possible interactions were determined at the catalytic site, where the coordination of negatively charged pharmacophoric groups with the zinc atom of these enzymes is observed. Finally, a preliminary in vivo evaluation was carried out using a diuresis-natriuresis model with sodium quantification in urine which revealed good activity profiles. These results are in correspondence with the ethnopharmacological use of the plant as a diuretic-natriuretic and for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudith Cañizares-Carmenate
- Unit of Computer-Aided Molecular "Biosilico" Discovery and Bioinformatic Research (CAMD-BIR Unit), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química-Farmacia, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Dulce M González-Mosquera
- Unit of Computer-Aided Molecular "Biosilico" Discovery and Bioinformatic Research (CAMD-BIR Unit), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química-Farmacia, Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba
| | - Yunier Perera-Sardiña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Erix W Hernández-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Roberto Díaz-Amador
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Juan A Castillo-Garit
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis - Pharmaceutical Technology (NatuRAPT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Jojić AA, Liga S, Uţu D, Ruse G, Suciu L, Motoc A, Şoica CM, Tchiakpe-Antal DS. Beyond Essential Oils: Diterpenes, Lignans, and Biflavonoids from Juniperus communis L. as a Source of Multi-Target Lead Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:3233. [PMID: 39599442 PMCID: PMC11598787 DOI: 10.3390/plants13223233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Common Juniper (Juniperus communis L.) is a gymnosperm that stands out through its fleshy, spherical female cones, often termed simply "berries". The cone berries and various vegetative parts (leaves, twigs and even roots) are used in traditional phytotherapy, based on the beneficial effects exerted by a variety of secondary metabolites. While the volatile compounds of Juniperus communis are known for their aromatic properties and have been well-researched for their antimicrobial effects, this review shifts focus to non-volatile secondary metabolites-specifically diterpenes, lignans, and biflavonoids. These compounds are of significant biomedical interest due to their notable pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. The aim of this review is to offer an up-to-date account of chemical composition of Juniperus communis and related species, with a primary emphasis on the bioactivities of diterpenes, lignans, and biflavonoids. By examining recent preclinical and clinical data, this work assesses the therapeutic potential of these metabolites and their mechanisms of action, underscoring their value in developing new therapeutic options. Additionally, this review addresses the pharmacological efficacy and possible therapeutic applications of Juniperus communis in treating various human diseases, thus supporting its potential role in evidence-based phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Arabela Jojić
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.A.J.); (S.L.); (L.S.); (C.M.Ş.)
- Research Center for Pharmacotoxicologic Evaluations (FARMTOX), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Sergio Liga
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.A.J.); (S.L.); (L.S.); (C.M.Ş.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnologies and Environmental Protection, Politehnica University Timisoara, 6 Vasile Parvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Uţu
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.A.J.); (S.L.); (L.S.); (C.M.Ş.)
| | - Graţiana Ruse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Liana Suciu
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.A.J.); (S.L.); (L.S.); (C.M.Ş.)
| | - Andrei Motoc
- Department of Anatomy-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Codruța Marinela Şoica
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.A.J.); (S.L.); (L.S.); (C.M.Ş.)
- Research Center for Pharmacotoxicologic Evaluations (FARMTOX), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Diana-Simona Tchiakpe-Antal
- Research Center for Pharmacotoxicologic Evaluations (FARMTOX), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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20
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Tchamba JJ, Catarino S, Duarte MC, Silva JMN, Romeiras MM, Catarino L. Ethnobotany in Angola: The contribution of late 19th century christian missionaries to the knowledge of medicinal wild plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118511. [PMID: 38969150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Angola has an extraordinary plant diversity and a great ethnobotanical potential. However, there is a general lack of information about the first botanical explorations in the country and their contribution to the knowledge of the medicinal flora. AIM OF THE STUDY The main aim of this study was to unveil the ethnobotanical legacy of José Maria Antunes and Eugène Dekindt, priests of the first Catholic mission in Huíla (Angola) and shed light on their contribution to the knowledge of medicinal wild plants of the country, including information on the uses, plant parts used, and preparation methods documented in the late 19th century. The findings are discussed considering recent ethnobotanical studies to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the historical and traditional uses of plants in Angola over the last two centuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the information available in manuscripts and on the study of botanical collections preserved in herbaria of Portugal and Angola, we extracted relevant information about the species used in traditional medicine by the rural population of Huíla, the health conditions treated, and the mode of preparation and application. RESULTS Our results revealed that Antunes and Dekindt conducted the first ethnobotanical study in Huíla, and documented a large number of medicinal wild plants. From these, we report 191 medicinal species, including 25 endemic and four introduced species, belonging to 56 plant families and 146 genera. Fabaceae family presents the highest richness of medicinal plants (39 taxa), followed by Rubiaceae (13), Asteraceae (10), and Apocynaceae (9). The illnesses reported were classified into 15 different categories, with the highest number of species (49) corresponding to unspecific conditions, such as general pains, chills, and fever. Thirty-seven species were reported for respiratory diseases, 31 for musculoskeletal problems, and 30 for digestive issues. Leaves were the most used plant part for medicinal purposes (84 species). Infusion was the most frequently described preparation method (40 species), followed by maceration (24 species), and powdering (36 species). CONCLUSIONS The legacy of Antunes and Dekindt's work improves our understanding of Angola's botanical richness and traditional uses of plant resources. Our findings highlight the presence of unique medicinal resources in Angola, especially among endemic species, which hold the potential to improve the quality of life of rural communities. Moreover, our research underscores the lack of knowledge of medicinal species, emphasizing the risk of losing valuable historical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- José João Tchamba
- Forest Research Centre (CEF), Associated Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Rua Sarmento Rodrigues, 230, Lubango, Angola; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Catarino
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Duarte
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João M N Silva
- Forest Research Centre (CEF), Associated Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuel Romeiras
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-017, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Luís Catarino
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-017, Lisboa, Portugal
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Tan A, Scortecci KC, Cabral De Medeiros NM, Kukula-Koch W, Butler TJ, Smith SM, Boylan F. Plukenetia volubilis leaves as source of anti- Helicobacter pylori agents. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1461447. [PMID: 39508036 PMCID: PMC11537943 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1461447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Helicobacter pylori infection is a major issue worldwide, with widespread prevalence, combined with its link to gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Meanwhile, effectiveness of current treatment protocols is limited by increasing antibiotic resistance and patient compliance issues due to long regimens and side effects. Plukenetia volubilis, or sacha inchi, is a valuable source of bioactive molecules. However, studies on its antimicrobial activity, especially against H. pylori, are lacking. Methods In this study, the anti-H. pylori activity of P. volubilis leaves water extract was explored using in vitro and in silico approaches. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Electrospray Ionisation and Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI- QTOF-MS-MS) analysis of the water extract from the leaves was used to characterise the chemical composition of the plant and allowed identification of some flavonoids, such as astragalin, and some phenolic compounds. Then, high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to fractionate the ethyl acetate partition obtained from the water extract from the leaves. Results and Discussion The presence of flavonoids derived from kaempferol was confirmed and astragalin was isolated for the first time in P. volubilis. The P. volubilis water infusion, ethyl acetate extract and the isolated astragalin exhibited anti-bacterial activity against H. pylori J99 and two clinical isolates (e.g., minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.53, 0.51 and 0.49 μg/mL, respectively, for clarithromycin-resistant clinical isolate SSR366). Then, using molecular docking for potential protein targets for H. pylori, it was verified that astragalin could interact with these proteins by in silico analysis. Conclusion These findings highlight that P. volubilis and astragalin produce a bacteriostatic activity against H. pylori and may have potential to be used in treatment against H. pylori, after further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Tan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katia Castanho Scortecci
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Laboratório de Transformação de Plantas e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Maira Cabral De Medeiros
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal (LBV), Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba (UEPB) Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy With Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Thomas J. Butler
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Marian Smith
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fabio Boylan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Natural Products Research Centre, NatPro Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Aljuwayd M, Olson EG, Abbasi AZ, Rothrock MJ, Ricke SC, Kwon YM. Potential Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Bactericidal Activity of Eugenol against Salmonella Typhimurium. Pathogens 2024; 13:899. [PMID: 39452770 PMCID: PMC11510353 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13100899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to develop alternative antimicrobials to replace currently used antibiotics. Phytochemicals, such as essential oils, have garnered significant attention in recent years as potential antimicrobials. However, the mechanisms underlying their bactericidal activities are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the bactericidal activity of eugenol oil against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) to elucidate its mechanism of action. We hypothesized that eugenol exerts its bactericidal effects through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately leads to cell death. The result of this study demonstrated that the bactericidal activity of eugenol against S. Typhimurium was significantly (p < 0.05) mitigated by thiourea (ROS scavenger) or iron chelator 2,2'-dipyridyl, supporting the hypothesis. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the killing mechanism by eugenol oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aljuwayd
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (M.A.); (A.Z.A.); (Y.M.K.)
- College of Medical Applied Sciences, The Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elena G. Olson
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Asim Zahoor Abbasi
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (M.A.); (A.Z.A.); (Y.M.K.)
| | - Michael J. Rothrock
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Young Min Kwon
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (M.A.); (A.Z.A.); (Y.M.K.)
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Derso YD, Kassaye M, Fassil A, Derebe B, Nigatu A, Ayene F, Tamer M, Van Damme P. Composition, medicinal values, and threats of plants used in indigenous medicine in Jawi District, Ethiopia: implications for conservation and sustainable use. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23638. [PMID: 39384598 PMCID: PMC11464621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants is vital to local communities and cultural heritage, particularly in Ethiopia. This study aims to document native medicinal plants in the Jawi district, including associated traditional knowledge. The study involved conducting semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and guided field walks with a purposefully selected 54 traditional healers. The study identified 87 medicinal plant species from 50 families used treat over 50 ailments, with a preference for wild herbs. Fabaceae, Malvaceae, and Solanaceae were the most prominent families, each with five species; Zehneria scabra, was the most often mentioned species, followed by Lepidium sativum, Myrica salicifolia, Carissa spinarum, and Momordica foetida. 43% of identified species were herbs, with 44% of remedies made from roots. Pounding was the most common preparation method, and oral application was the most frequent use, followed by dermal application. 60% plants treated human ailments, 16% treated livestock, and 24% were used for both. Preference rankings indicated specific plants favored for certain ailments. The study highlights key plant families and species crucial for local healthcare but notes threats like habitat destruction and knowledge loss. Urgent conservation actions are needed to preserve medicinal plants and inform future research and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Derebe Derso
- Department of Forestry and Climate Science, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Melkamu Kassaye
- Department of Forestry and Climate Science, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Fassil
- Department of Biology, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Binega Derebe
- Department of Natural Resource Management, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Amsalu Nigatu
- Department of Forestry and Climate Science, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fentahun Ayene
- Department of Forestry and Climate Science, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Tamer
- Department of Forestry and Climate Science, Injibara University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Patrick Van Damme
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Sadeghi‐Dehsahraei H, Babajafari S, Ashrafi M, Mohammadi‐Sartang M. Comparison of the effect of consuming the prepared cakes with acorn flour and wheat flour following a hypocaloric diet on serum levels of leptin, endothelin, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress parameters in obese and overweight patients with metabolic syndrome: A double-blind clinical trial. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:8043-8052. [PMID: 39479683 PMCID: PMC11521704 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a major consequence of obesity, increases mortality risks. Evidence shows favorable effects of nutritional approaches in the management of MetS. Accordingly, the use of functional foods has increased to enhance weight loss and reduce the risk factors associated with MetS. So, we aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of a functional acorn-based cake in conjunction with energy-restricted diet on some complications of patients with MetS. The study included 66 participants who were randomly assigned to either (A) a calorie-restricted diet + functional cake (FC) (n = 33) or (B) a calorie-restricted diet + a placebo cake (PC) (n = 33). Sociodemographic information, anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and serum biochemical parameters (inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, leptin, and endothelin) were measured before and after 8 weeks of intervention. Sixty-three participants completed this trial. After adjustment for baseline levels, consumption of FC compared to the PC resulted in a significant decrease in IL-6 (p = .03) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = .04) levels. No differences were observed between groups with regard to serum malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, endothelin, and leptin levels (p > .05). Acorn-based cake could improve inflammation as an adjunct to an energy-restricted diet in overweight and obese patients with MetS. However, it is not clear whether acorn-based cake can be used to prevent or treat MetS because of indecisive findings regarding its ability to manage oxidative stress and serum hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mahboobeh Ashrafi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi‐Sartang
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Unver T, Uzuner U, Celik‐Uzuner S, Gurhan I, Sivri NS, Ozdemir Z. Elucidating the antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic potential of methanolic and water extracts of edible Tragopogon coelesyriacus Boiss. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:7252-7272. [PMID: 39479685 PMCID: PMC11521691 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tragopogon coelesyriacus is a pharmacotherapeutic herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family and consumed as a vegetable. Here, the methanolic and water extracts of T. coelesyriacus were obtained from its aboveground parts (stem, leaves, and flowers), and the phytochemical potentials were investigated by LC-HRMS (liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry) analysis for the first time. The antibacterial, antifungal, and anticarcinogenic activities of T. coelesyriacus extracts were investigated using experimental and in silico methods. T. coelesyriacus methanol extract revealed remarkable inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia (MICs = 0.83, 1.67, and 1.67 mg/mL, respectively) compared to Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes (MIC = 53.3 mg/mL). Inhibitory effects of T. coelesyriacus methanolic extracts were also observed in all Candida species tested, with the highest inhibition on Candida krusei (MIC = 0.83 mg/mL), whereas no inhibitory effect was identified from the water extract. Additionally, both T. coelesyriacus methanolic (IC50 = 86 μg/mL) and water (IC50 = 92 μg/mL) extracts revealed significant selective anticarcinogenic effects on AR42J pancreatic cancer cells. HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells were, however, more resilient to methanol and water extract, respectively. In silico analyses further elucidated the noteworthy antibacterial potential of keracyanin chloride on S. aureus MurB enzyme and the remarkable inhibitory potential of naringin on FYN kinase specific for pancreatic cancer (AR42J) development. In conclusion, T. coelesyriacus phytochemicals with antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties were revealed for the first time, and molecular docking studies on potential targets confirmed good agreement with experimental findings. Therefore, the current studies on T. coelesyriacus provide the basis for investigating new pharmaceutical potentials of other Tragopogon members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Unver
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of PharmacyInonu UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Ugur Uzuner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of ScienceKaradeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey
| | - Selcen Celik‐Uzuner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of ScienceKaradeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey
| | - Ismet Gurhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of PharmacyInonu UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Nur Sena Sivri
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of ScienceKaradeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey
| | - Zeynep Ozdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyInonu UniversityMalatyaTurkey
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Kielich N, Mazur O, Musidlak O, Gracz-Bernaciak J, Nawrot R. Herbgenomics meets Papaveraceae: a promising -omics perspective on medicinal plant research. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:579-594. [PMID: 37952099 PMCID: PMC11812042 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines were widely used in ancient and modern societies as remedies for human ailments. Notably, the Papaveraceae family includes well-known species, such as Papaver somniferum and Chelidonium majus, which possess medicinal properties due to their latex content. Latex-bearing plants are a rich source of diverse bioactive compounds, with applications ranging from narcotics to analgesics and relaxants. With the advent of high-throughput technologies and advancements in sequencing tools, an opportunity exists to bridge the knowledge gap between the genetic information of herbs and the regulatory networks underlying their medicinal activities. This emerging discipline, known as herbgenomics, combines genomic information with other -omics studies to unravel the genetic foundations, including essential gene functions and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, exploring the genomes of various medicinal plants enables the utilization of modern genetic manipulation techniques, such as Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) or RNA interference. This technological revolution has facilitated systematic studies of model herbs, targeted breeding of medicinal plants, the establishment of gene banks and the adoption of synthetic biology approaches. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic research on species within the Papaveraceae family. Additionally, it briefly explores the potential applications and key opportunities offered by the -omics perspective in the pharmaceutical industry and the agrobiotechnology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kielich
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Oliwia Mazur
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Oskar Musidlak
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Gracz-Bernaciak
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Nawrot
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Parveen M, Uzma, Khan AA, Nami SAA, Kataria R, Malik A, Amali NAM, Abd Kadir NH, Alam M. Isolation, Characterization, and Single-Crystal X-ray Analysis of Lantabetulic Acid from Rhus alata: Insights into HSA and BSA Binding Interactions, with In-Silico Study. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:39484-39502. [PMID: 39346876 PMCID: PMC11425619 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the bioactive potential of Rhus alata, a plant known for its rich phytochemicals. A previously unreported compound was isolated from R. alata and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV, NMR, MS) and confirmed for the first time by X-ray crystallography. In isolated compound 1, noncovalent interactions between H···H/H···H, C···C/C···C and O···H/H···O play a major role in its packing arrangement. This observation is consistent with the results of Hirshfeld surface analysis, which quantified these interactions as 14.2%, 84.6%, and 1.2%, respectively. The isolated compound was identified as lantabetulic acid (1) (3β,25-expoxy-3α-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid). To understand its potential biological interactions, the binding affinity of lantabetulic acid to biomolecules such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), and human serum albumin (HSA), was assessed. The results showed significant binding efficacy, indicating potential interactions with these molecules. Furthermore, the DPPH assay demonstrated the potent antioxidant activity of this compound. We used in silico molecular docking to clarify the binding affinity between lantabetulic acid and a particular receptor. Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulation studies also explored the binding interaction. As well, MM/GBSA calculations corroborate the simulation results and the stability of the complex. Docking and dynamics studies revealed promising binding scores, suggesting further investigation into their potential therapeutic applications. Geometric parameters and the absorption spectrum of compound 1 were also determined using the DFT approach and compared with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Uzma
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab A A Nami
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ramesh Kataria
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics. College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nurul Afiqah Muhammad Amali
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda Abd Kadir
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department of Safety Engineering, Dongguk University, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 780714, Republic of Korea
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Wacira TN, Makonde HM, Bosire CM, Kibiti CM. Molecular Characterization and Antibacterial Potential of Endophytic Fungal Isolates from Selected Mangroves along the Coastline of Kenya. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:1261721. [PMID: 39280854 PMCID: PMC11398959 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1261721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing emergence and re-emergence of resistant pathogenic microbes causes a health threat to the human population. Scientists have been striving to find novel bioactive compounds and drugs to overcome these obstacles. This study aimed to characterize mangrove endophytic fungi and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Heritiera littoralis, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Avicennia marina, and Xylocarpus granatum species were collected from Tudor Creek, Mida Creek, and Gazi Bay. A total of 30 fungal isolates were subjected to molecular identification based on analysis of their ITS gene region. The isolates in the inferred phylogenetic trees were affiliated with the genus Aspergillus. Ethyl acetate and butanol crude extracts of 38.2% of the 76 isolated fungal endophytes and eight mycelia samples were screened for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25923) using the disc diffusion method. A. marina and R. mucronata harbored the most fungal endophytes that showed the highest antibacterial activity. Seven fungal broth extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activities against the tested microorganisms than the positive control. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) activity for the isolates demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract of a root endophytic fungal isolate (RC6) (3.31 ± 0.01) of A. marina is a strong inhibitor since it showed significantly lower MIC activity compared to the positive control (3.84 ± 0.00) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P < 0.05). Therefore, this study confirms that mangrove species harbor fungal isolates that have antibacterial activity and hence could serve as a novel source of antibiotics. It is recommended that the pure compounds from these extracts be isolated for further bioactivity tests and structural elucidation for consideration as lead molecules in drug discovery. In addition, the genes responsible for the enhanced bioactivity in these isolates can be characterized and bioengineered for pharmaceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia Nyambura Wacira
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Technical University of Mombasa P.O. Box 90420-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute P.O. Box 1881-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Huxley Mae Makonde
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Technical University of Mombasa P.O. Box 90420-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Carren Moraa Bosire
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Technical University of Mombasa P.O. Box 90420-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Technical University of Mombasa P.O. Box 90420-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
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Kropi K, Jastone KP, Kharumnuid SA, Kumar Das H, Naga MM. Cross-cultural study on the uses of traditional herbal medicine to treat various women's health issues in Northeast India. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:101024. [PMID: 39307002 PMCID: PMC11447353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-cultural study conducted in the diverse regions of Assam, Meghalaya, and Manipur sheds light on the common utilization of five specific medicinal plants among indigenous communities residing in these areas. OBJECTIVES The main focus of this study is to document and compare the traditional medicinal plant used and the knowledge and practices related to women's health issues in different cultures; to identify commonalities and differences in the use of medicinal plants across cultures and various medicinal plants used traditionally by the indigenous communities to treat women's health problems according to their indigenous name, scientific name. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used a survey method and a pre-structured interview schedule through one-on-one interactive communication and field observation. The authors collected data from three different states, i.e., Assam (Karbi Anglong district & Udalguri district), Meghalaya (East Khasi Hills district), and Manipur (Senapati district) by personally meeting and interacting with traditional herbal medicinal practitioners. For this study, 10 practitioners from each area of study were interviewed. During the data collection process, the vernacular name of the medicinal plant, methods of preparation, mode of application, and probable dosage were compiled and documented involving practitioners belonging to four different communities, i.e, Bodo, Karbi, Khasi, and Poumai Naga of the selected states. RESULTS A total of 39 plant species were meticulously collected and documented across the Karbi Anglong district and Udalguri district in Assam, East Khasi Hills district in Meghalaya, and Senapati district in Manipur. Turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinale), gooseberry (Emblica officinalis), papaya (Carica papaya), and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) have emerged as common medicinal resources within these communities. Poaceae, represented by 5 species, emerged as the dominant family among the collected plants, highlighting the diversity and significance of these botanical remedies. Zingiber officinale Roscoe " has the highest usage report of 18 with an RFC (Relative frequency citation) of 0.45. CONCLUSION The study's findings reveal a rich repository of traditional herbal knowledge in the northeast regions of India. Notably, the indigenous communities of these regions use plant resources to cure a wide range of ailments. This study emphasizes the necessity of documenting, preserving, and transmitting traditional herbal medicinal knowledge for both cultural and practical reasons. It also provides vital insights into the importance of cross-cultural study in promoting different cultures, the richness of traditional medicinal knowledge by engaging with diverse cultures and demonstrates the possibilities for incorporating traditional medicine into modern healthcare systems, particularly in treating women's health issues across these culturally diverse regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaret Kropi
- North Eastern Hill University, Department of Library and Information Science, Umshing Mawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - K P Jastone
- North Eastern Hill University, Department of Library and Information Science, Umshing Mawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sweety Angelirie Kharumnuid
- North Eastern Hill University, Department of Library and Information Science, Umshing Mawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
| | - Hemanta Kumar Das
- North Eastern Hill University, Department of Library and Information Science, Umshing Mawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Moses M Naga
- North Eastern Hill University, Department of Library and Information Science, Umshing Mawkynroh, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Meñiza JF, Pasco MM, Alimbon JA. A review of ethnobotanical studies reveals over 500 medicinal plants in Mindanao, Philippines. PLANT DIVERSITY 2024; 46:551-564. [PMID: 39290882 PMCID: PMC11403148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have long been used to treat various diseases in both indigenous and non-indigenous populations of Mindanao, Philippines. Here, we extracted data from ethnobotanical studies to compile a comprehensive list of these medicinal plants and identify how and for what purpose they are most commonly used. We identified 530 verified medicinal plant species across 372 genera in 118 families. The two most frequently cited species were Euphorbia hirta and Psidium guajava. The most represented family was Fabaceae and the most represented genus was Ficus. A total of 28 medicinal plant species are designated as threatened at the national or global level; of these, 11 are endemic to the Philippines. Medicinal plant preparations most commonly use leaves for oral administration to treat various diseases such as digestive issues, including diarrhea. This study underscores the need for further ethnobotanical investigations, particularly in areas lacking records. It also emphasizes the need for conservation of threatened and endemic medicinal plants to ensure sustainable utilization of this valuable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joeime F Meñiza
- Department of Teacher Education, UM Tagum College, Tagum City, 8100, Davao del Norte Philippines
| | - Monica M Pasco
- Department of Teacher Education, UM Tagum College, Tagum City, 8100, Davao del Norte Philippines
| | - Jemer A Alimbon
- Department of Teacher Education, UM Tagum College, Tagum City, 8100, Davao del Norte Philippines
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Stojković D, Gašić U, Uba AI, Zengin G, Rajaković M, Stevanović M, Drakulić D. Chemical profiling of Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm., biological potential of the herbal extract, molecular modeling and KEGG pathway analysis. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106115. [PMID: 38977255 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate chemical composition and biological activities of the Anthriscus cerefolium methanolic extract. Chemical characterization of the extracts was performed by LC-HRMS/MS analysis. Antimicrobial activities of the extract were investigated on six bacteria and eight fungi while antioxidant activity was assessed by six different assays. Anti-enzymatic activity of the methanolic extract was tested on five enzymes associated with therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Cytotoxic properties of the extract were tested on human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) and tumor cell lines (SiHa, MCF7, HepG2). Anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was assessed on bacteria mediated inflammation model using HaCaT cell line. Molecular docking studies of enzymes and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis were performed. The results showed that the obtained extract was rich in phenolic compounds (a total of seventy-two were identified), with malonyl-1,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid dominating in the sample. The extract expressed antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties. The identified compounds demonstrated strong binding to the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to a lesser extent, to the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), glucosidase, amylase, and modestly, to tyrosinase. KEGG pathway analysis has shown that the certain phenolic compounds may be related to anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities of the extract. The data obtained suggest that phenolic compounds of the extract and their mixtures should be considered for future research as ingredients in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul AREL University, 34537 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mladen Rajaković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Stevanović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia; University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11158 Belgrade 118, Serbia; Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Drakulić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
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Baz AE, Mrabti HN, Ashmawy NS, Khan SA, Abdallah EM, Al-Mijalli SH, Alenazy R, Alshabrmi FM, Bouyahya A, El Hachlafi N, Ardianto C, ifadotunnikmah F, Hmimid F. Phytochemical characterization, antimicrobial properties and in silico modeling perspectives of Anacyclus pyrethrum essential oil. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35079. [PMID: 39220961 PMCID: PMC11365356 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are used widely in the treatment of various infectious diseases. One of these medical plants is Moroccan plants such as Anacyclus pyrethrum. In this study, the essential oil isolated from the leaves of Anacyclus pyrethrum (APEO) by the hydrodistillation method was analyzed using (GC/MS) analysis. A total of forty-four compounds were identified form the oil and the oxygenated monoterpenes were the most abundant class of compounds. The major identified compound is santolina alcohol (40.7 %), followed by germacrene-D (8.9 %). The in-vitro assessment of the antimicrobial efficacy of APEO encompassed an investigation involving six microbial strains, including two Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria, and three fungal strains. The findings revealed noteworthy antibacterial and antifungal properties against all examined microorganisms, with inhibitory zone diameters ranging from 25.67 ± 0.06 mm to 25.19 ± 0.03 mm for Gram-positive bacteria and from 22.34 ± 0.01 mm to 14.43 ± 0.02 mm for Gram-negative bacteria, as determined through the disc-diffusion assay. In the case of antifungal activity, inhibitory zones ranged from 24.57 ± 0.04 mm to 18.37 ± 0.06 mm. Further evaluation revealed that the MIC values of Gram-positive bacteria were at the concentration 0.25 % v/v, while MBC values ranged from 0.25 % to 1.0 % v/v. The Gram-negative bacteria exhibited MIC values spanning from 0.5 % to 2.0 % v/v, with MBC values in the range of 0.5 %-2.0 % v/v. For the fungal strains, MIC values ranged from 0.5 % to 1.0 % v/v, while the MFC consistently remained at 1.0 % for all tested fungal strains. The assessment of the MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratios collectively indicates that A. pyrethrum EO possesses bactericidal and fungicidal attributes. The in silico study of bioavailability predictions for compounds in APEO based on six physicochemical properties show optimal physiochemical properties including size, lipophilicity, solubility, flexibility, and saturation. α-Pinene, limonene, germacrene D, and (E)-β-farnesene are non-polar due to their lack of polar groups, and the ADME profile indicates desirable properties for considering these compounds in drug development. Molecular docking investigation indicates that all the compounds of APEO reside well into the binding site of the DNA gyrase B enzyme of Staphylococcus aureus by mediating a number of significant interactions with the binding site residues. The ADME analysis suggested that the major compounds APEO possess desirable properties for further consideration in drug development. In light of these findings, APEO could serve as a natural source for the elaboration of new and active antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza El Baz
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL—CNRST n° 10, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, 24000, Morocco
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Casablanca, Morocco
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed University of Fes, UEMF, 30030 Fes, Morocco
| | - Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salman Ali Khan
- Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaf Alenazy
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Shaqra, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M. Alshabrmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 10106, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Farida ifadotunnikmah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fouzia Hmimid
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL—CNRST n° 10, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, 24000, Morocco
- Health and Environment Laboratory, Aïn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca (UH2C), Casablanca, 20100, Morocco
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Caruso F, Sakib R, Belli S, Caruso A, Rossi M. Antioxidant Scavenging of the Superoxide Radical by Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis) and Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plus Caffeic and Chlorogenic Acids, as Shown via DFT and Hydrodynamic Voltammetry. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9342. [PMID: 39273291 PMCID: PMC11394812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
We describe the antioxidant capability of scavenging the superoxide radical of several tea and yerba mate samples using rotating ring-disk electrochemistry (RRDE). We directly measured superoxide concentrations and detected their decrease upon the addition of an antioxidant to the electrochemical cell. We studied two varieties of yerba mate, two varieties of black tea from Bangladesh, a sample of Pu-erh tea from China, and two components, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. All of these plant infusions and components showed strong antioxidant activities, virtually annihilating the available superoxide concentration. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we describe a mechanism of superoxide scavenging via caffeic and chlorogenic acids. Superoxide can initially interact at two sites in these acids: the H4 catechol hydrogen (a) or the acidic proton of the acid (b). For (a), caffeic acid needs an additional π-π superoxide radical, which transfers electron density to the ring and forms a HO2- anion. A second caffeic acid proton and HO2- anion forms H2O2. Chlorogenic acid acts differently, as the initial approach of superoxide to the catechol moiety (a) is enough to form the HO2- anion. After an additional acidic proton of chlorogenic acid is given to HO2-, three well-separated compounds arise: (1) a carboxylate moiety, (2) H2O2, and a (3) chlorogenic acid semiquinone. The latter can capture a second superoxide in a π-π manner, which remains trapped due to the aromatic ring, as for caffeic acid. With enough of both acids and superoxide radicals, the final products are equivalent: H2O2 plus a complex of the type [X-acid-η-O2], X = caffeic, chlorogenic. Chlorogenic acid (b) is described by the following reaction: 2 O2•- + 2 chlorogenic acid → 2 chlorogenic carboxylate + O2 + H2O2, and so, it acts as a non-enzymatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic, as shown via the product formation of O2 plus H2O2, which is limited due to chlorogenic acid consumption. Caffeic acid (b) differs from chlorogenic acid, as there is no acidic proton capture via superoxide. In this case, approaching a second superoxide to the H4 polyphenol moiety forms a HO2- anion and, later, an H2O2 molecule upon the transfer of a second caffeic acid proton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Raiyan Sakib
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Stuart Belli
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Alessio Caruso
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
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Ghavami A, Abtahi Froushani SM, Tehrani A. Oral Administration of Piperine Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02131-1. [PMID: 39196471 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of piperine on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). EAU was induced by immunization with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein emulsified in complete Freund adjuvant. Starting from day 8 post-induction, Lewis rats were given piperine (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg-P.O.) or prednisolone (10 mg/kg-P.O.) for 18 consecutive days. The 80 mg/kg dose of piperine demonstrated superior regression of clinical symptoms, increased nitric oxide levels, and enhanced IDO activity in eye homogenates compared to other doses. The 40 and 80 mg/kg doses of piperine were more effective in promoting weight gain in EAU rats than the 20 mg/kg dose. EAU rats treated with 80 mg/kg piperine showed more favorable mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in their eyes than other treatment groups. The interventions led to a significant decrease in mRNA ratios of T-bet/GATA-3, RORγt/T-bet, RORγt/Foxp3, and RORγt/GATA-3 in the eyes of EAU rats compared to untreated EAU rats. Specifically, EAU rats treated with 80 mg/kg piperine exhibited a greater reduction in the mRNA ratio of RORγt/Foxp3 expression compared to other treatment groups. Overall, oral administration of piperine may offer potential for clinical application in uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghavami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Aliasghar Tehrani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Barman AK, Mahadi S, Hossain MA, Begum R, Acharyya RN, Alam M, Rahman MH, Biswas NN, Hossain ASMMA. Assessing anti oxidant, antidiabetic potential and GCMS profiling of ethanolic root bark extract of Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC: Supported by in vitro, in vivo and in silico molecular modeling. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304521. [PMID: 39159188 PMCID: PMC11332921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum rhetsa (ZR) is used traditionally to manage a variety of ailments, including diabetes. Oxidative stress may accelerate the diabetic condition. The available antidiabetic and antioxidant drugs have many shortcomings including resistance, inefficiency, higher dose, side effects and costs. The goal of the current investigation was to assess the antioxidant capacity and antidiabetic activity of an ethanolic extract of Zanthoxylum rhetsa root bark (ZRRB) through in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods. The antioxidant capacity of the ZRRB extract was measured using both the DPPH radical assay and the total antioxidant activity test. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and alloxan-induced diabetic mice model were also used to examine in vivo antidiabetic efficacy. Phytochemicals identification was done by GCMS analysis. Additionally, computational methods such as molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and molecular dynamics (MD) modeling were performed to determine the above pharmacological effects. The extract demonstrated significant DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 42.65 μg/mL). In the OGTT test and alloxan-induced diabetes mice model, the extract effectively lowered blood glucose levels. Furthermore, in vitro inhibition of pancreatic α-amylase studies demonstrated the ZRRB extract as a good antidiabetic crude drug (IC50 = 81.45 μg/mL). GCMS investigation confirmed that the crude extract contains 16 major phytoconstituents, which were docked with human peroxiredoxin-5, α-amylase, and sulfonylurea receptor 1. Docking and pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that among 16 phytoconstituents, 6H-indolo[3,2,1-de] [1,5]naphthyridin-6-one (CID: 97176) showed the highest binding affinity to targeted enzymes, and imitated Lipinski's rule of five. Furthermore, MD simulation data confirmed that the aforementioned compound is very steady to the binding site of α-amylase and sulfonylurea receptor 1 receptors. Findings from in vitro, in vivo and in silico investigation suggest that ZRRB extract contains a lead compound that could be a potent source of antidiabetic drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumaiya Mahadi
- Department of Pharmacy, R. P. Shaha University, Naryanganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Arju Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Banani, Bangladesh
| | - Rahima Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Marjana Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, R. P. Shaha University, Naryanganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligent Research, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
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Yıldırım M, Erşatır M, Poyraz S, Amangeldinova M, Kudrina NO, Terletskaya NV. Green Extraction of Plant Materials Using Supercritical CO 2: Insights into Methods, Analysis, and Bioactivity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2295. [PMID: 39204731 PMCID: PMC11359946 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the supercritical CO2 extraction method has gained attention due to its use of environmentally friendly, non-toxic solvents, ability to operate at lower temperatures that do not cause the degradation of bioactive compounds, and capacity for rapid extraction. This method is particularly notable for isolating bioactive compounds from plants. The extracts obtained have shown superior properties due to their activity against diseases such as cancer, which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The aim of this study is to provide an in-depth understanding of the supercritical CO2 extraction method, as well as to discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the study includes specific data on various plant materials, detailing the following parameters: plant name and region, bioactive compounds or compound classes, extraction temperature (°C), pressure (bar), time (minutes), co-solvent used, and flow rate. Additionally, this study covers extensive research on the isolation of bioactive compounds and the efficacy of the obtained extracts against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yıldırım
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63050, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Erşatır
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Türkiye;
| | - Samet Poyraz
- Independent Researcher, Nevşehir 50040, Türkiye;
| | - Madina Amangeldinova
- Department of Biodiversity and Biological Resources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (M.A.); (N.O.K.); (N.V.T.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Av., 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nataliya O. Kudrina
- Department of Biodiversity and Biological Resources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (M.A.); (N.O.K.); (N.V.T.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Av., 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nina V. Terletskaya
- Department of Biodiversity and Biological Resources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (M.A.); (N.O.K.); (N.V.T.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Av., 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
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de Souza Goncalves B, Sangani D, Nayyar A, Puri R, Irtiza M, Nayyar A, Khalyfa A, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. COVID-19-Associated Sepsis: Potential Role of Phytochemicals as Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8481. [PMID: 39126050 PMCID: PMC11312872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The acute manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibit the hallmarks of sepsis-associated complications that reflect multiple organ failure. The inflammatory cytokine storm accompanied by an imbalance in the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to severe and critical septic shock. The sepsis signature in severely afflicted COVID-19 patients includes cellular reprogramming and organ dysfunction that leads to high mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of improved clinical care and advanced therapeutic interventions for sepsis associated with COVID-19. Phytochemicals of functional foods and nutraceutical importance have an incredible impact on the healthcare system, which includes the prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases. Hence, in the present review, we aim to explore the pathogenesis of sepsis associated with COVID-19 that disrupts the physiological homeostasis of the body, resulting in severe organ damage. Furthermore, we have summarized the diverse pharmacological properties of some potent phytochemicals, which can be used as functional foods as well as nutraceuticals against sepsis-associated complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The phytochemicals explored in this article include quercetin, curcumin, luteolin, apigenin, resveratrol, and naringenin, which are the major phytoconstituents of our daily food intake. We have compiled the findings from various studies, including clinical trials in humans, to explore more into the therapeutic potential of each phytochemical against sepsis and COVID-19, which highlights their possible importance in sepsis-associated COVID-19 pathogenesis. We conclude that our review will open a new research avenue for exploring phytochemical-derived therapeutic agents for preventing or treating the life-threatening complications of sepsis associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Goncalves
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Darshan Sangani
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Aleen Nayyar
- Department of Medicine, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore 55150, Pakistan;
| | - Raghav Puri
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Mahir Irtiza
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Asma Nayyar
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
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Mohamed-Ali SF, Jasim AA, Mahmood MAK, Mohsin MM. The Efficacy of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis Herbal Mouthwash on Gingivitis in Pediatric Patients Diagnosed Clinically and with Photometric CIELab Analysis: An In Vivo Randomized Double-blind Clinical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 17:918-924. [PMID: 39372348 PMCID: PMC11451873 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Children are more prone to develop gingivitis as a result of deficient oral hygiene, morphological variance, and a diet that encourages the growth of pathogenic oral bacteria. Aim The purpose of this randomized, double-blind clinical study is to compare the therapeutic effect of an herbal mouthwash made of decoction and ethanolic extract of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis to that of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. Materials and methods In this study, 60 patients aged between 8 and 10 years were divided into four groups, each with 15 patients. The first group was treated with a mouthwash made of ethanolic herbal extract, the second group was treated with a mouthwash made of herbal decoction, the third group was treated with CHX mouthwash (0.12%) (positive control), and the fourth group was treated with a placebo made with colored distilled water (negative control). Clinical parameters gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were evaluated at the start, 1, and 2 weeks from ensuing the treatment. Preoperative and postoperative photographs of the maxillary anterior sextant were recorded to evaluate CIELab coordinates to monitor color changes. Statistical analysis One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) post hoc tests were used for data assessment. Results Significant reductions in GI and PI were found among the tested groups (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in a* value was observed, while L* value showed a significant increase between baseline and posttreatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion Herbal-based mouthwash of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis, whether prepared by boiling or ethanolic extraction, reduced gingival inflammation significantly and has a lot of potential for treating and preventing periodontal disease in young children. Digital photography is a reliable supplementary approach for diagnosing and monitoring gingival inflammation in pediatric patients. How to cite this article Mohamed-Ali SF, Jasim AA, Mahmood MAK, et al. The Efficacy of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis Herbal Mouthwash on Gingivitis in Pediatric Patients Diagnosed Clinically and with Photometric CIELab Analysis: An In Vivo Randomized Double-blind Clinical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):918-924.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah F Mohamed-Ali
- Department of Pediatric Orthodontic and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriya University, Al-Rusafa, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed A Jasim
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriya University, Al-Rusafa, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Maha AK Mahmood
- Department of Pediatric Orthodontic and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriya University, Al-Rusafa, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mafaz M Mohsin
- Department of Pediatric Orthodontic and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Al-Bayan University, Al-Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq
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Ashraf MV, Khan S, Misri S, Gaira KS, Rawat S, Rawat B, Khan MAH, Shah AA, Asgher M, Ahmad S. High-Altitude Medicinal Plants as Promising Source of Phytochemical Antioxidants to Combat Lifestyle-Associated Oxidative Stress-Induced Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:975. [PMID: 39204080 PMCID: PMC11357401 DOI: 10.3390/ph17080975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, driven by reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur species (ROS, RNS, RSS), poses a significant threat to cellular integrity and human health. Generated during mitochondrial respiration, inflammation, UV exposure and pollution, these species damage cells and contribute to pathologies like cardiovascular issues, neurodegeneration, cancer, and metabolic syndromes. Lifestyle factors exert a substantial influence on oxidative stress levels, with mitochondria emerging as pivotal players in ROS generation and cellular equilibrium. Phytochemicals, abundant in plants, such as carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols and polyphenols, offer diverse antioxidant mechanisms. They scavenge free radicals, chelate metal ions, and modulate cellular signalling pathways to mitigate oxidative damage. Furthermore, plants thriving in high-altitude regions are adapted to extreme conditions, and synthesize secondary metabolites, like flavonoids and phenolic compounds in bulk quantities, which act to form a robust antioxidant defence against oxidative stress, including UV radiation and temperature fluctuations. These plants are promising sources for drug development, offering innovative strategies by which to manage oxidative stress-related ailments and enhance human health. Understanding and harnessing the antioxidant potential of phytochemicals from high-altitude plants represent crucial steps in combating oxidative stress-induced disorders and promoting overall wellbeing. This study offers a comprehensive summary of the production and physio-pathological aspects of lifestyle-induced oxidative stress disorders and explores the potential of phytochemicals as promising antioxidants. Additionally, it presents an appraisal of high-altitude medicinal plants as significant sources of antioxidants, highlighting their potential for drug development and the creation of innovative antioxidant therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Vikas Ashraf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Sajid Khan
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Surya Misri
- Section of Microbiology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Kailash S. Gaira
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Pangthang, Gangtok 737101, Sikkim, India; (K.S.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Sandeep Rawat
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Pangthang, Gangtok 737101, Sikkim, India; (K.S.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Balwant Rawat
- School of Agriculture, Graphic Era University, Dehradun 24800, Utarakhand, India;
| | - M. A. Hannan Khan
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (M.A.H.K.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Ali Asghar Shah
- Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (M.A.H.K.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Mohd Asgher
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Shoeb Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
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Shrivastav D, Kumbhakar SK, Srivastava S, Singh DD. Natural product-based treatment potential for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1603-1614. [PMID: 39099809 PMCID: PMC11292323 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization and a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of both diseases shares common risk factors and mechanisms, and both are significant contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Supplements of natural products for T2D mellitus (T2DM) and CVD can be seen as a potential preventive and effective therapeutic strategy. AIM To critically evaluate the therapeutic potential of natural products in T2D and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS By using specific keywords, we strategically searched the PubMed database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched as the primary focus that examined the effect of natural products on glycemic control, oxidative stress, and antioxidant levels. We focused on outcomes such as low blood glucose levels, adjustment on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidants. After screening full-length papers, we included 9 RCTs in our review that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS In the literature search on the database, we found that various natural products like plant secondary metabolites play a diverse role in the management of CAD. American ginseng, sesame oil and cocoa flavanols proved effective in lowering blood glucose levels and controlling blood pressure, which are key factors in managing T2DM and CVD. In diabetic patients Melissa officinalis effectively reduce inflammation and shows diabetes prevention. Both fish oil and flaxseed oil reduced insulin levels and inflammatory markers, suggesting benefits for both conditions. The lipid profile and endothelial function were enhanced by Nigella sativa oil and Terminalia chebula, which is significant for the management of cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM. Additionally Bilberry extract also showed promise for improving glycemic control in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION The high level of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties found in natural products makes them promising therapeutic options for the management of CAD, with the potential benefit of lowering the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmsheel Shrivastav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Satyam Kumar Kumbhakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Govt Veer Surendra Say P.G. College, Gariaband 493889, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Life Science, Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
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Jannus F, Sainz J, Reyes-Zurita FJ. Principal Bioactive Properties of Oleanolic Acid, Its Derivatives, and Analogues. Molecules 2024; 29:3291. [PMID: 39064870 PMCID: PMC11279785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products have always played an important role in pharmacotherapy, helping to control pathophysiological processes associated with human disease. Thus, natural products such as oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpene that has demonstrated important activities in several disease models, are in high demand. The relevant properties of this compound have motivated re-searchers to search for new analogues and derivatives using the OA as a scaffold to which new functional groups have been added or modifications have been realized. OA and its derivatives have been shown to be effective in the treatment of inflammatory processes, triggered by chronic diseases or bacterial and viral infections. OA and its derivatives have also been found to be effective in diabetic disorders, a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by hyperglycemia that can affect several organs, including the liver and brain. This group of compounds has been reported to exhibit significant bioactivity against cancer processes in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize the bioactive properties of OA and its derivatives as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antiviral, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Jannus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Juan Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Genomic Oncology Area, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Av. de la Ilustración, 114, PTS, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBs.Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), University of Barcelona, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBs.Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
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Kommalapati V, Rajkumar NG, Karri RL, Ashok S, Kumar AS, Srilakshmi D. Evaluation of antifungal efficacy of albedo extract of Punica granatum on Candida albicans - An in vitro study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2024; 28:369-373. [PMID: 39670135 PMCID: PMC11633916 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_301_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aims to investigate the antifungal efficacy of albedo extract of Punica grantum on candida albicans by evaluating the inhibitory capacity of alcoholic albedo extracts by disc diffusion method and by comparing the antifungal efficacy of alcoholic extract of albedo with clotrimazole and ethanol. Methods Using a conventional disc diffusion method, the effectiveness of Punica Granatum albedo extract against Candida albicans was assessed and evaluated depending on the presence or absence of inhibition zones, as well as the average diameter of inhibition zones. Albedo extract of Punica granatum serial dilutions were prepared ranging from 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and its antifungal efficacy was tested against Candida albicans in comparison with clotrimazole and ethanol. Results When compared to clotrimazole, the albedo extract of punica granatum showed significant anticandidal activity. The mean zone of inhibition of extract was recorded at 27.6 mm whereas clotrimazole was 21.6 mm and no zone of inhibition was recorded for ethanol. Statistically significant p value 0.015 was recorded within the different dilutions of albedo extract of Punica grantum which is less than 0.05. Conclusion The present investigation found that Punica Granatum albedo extract had greater potent antifungal activity when compared to clotrimazole and ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsalya Kommalapati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - N. Govind Rajkumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, GSL Dental College and Hospital, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Roja Lakshmi Karri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, GSL Dental College and Hospital, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sahana Ashok
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, GSL Dental College and Hospital, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A Sudarshan Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, GSL Dental College and Hospital, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D. Srilakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Vikas Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Li T, Luo B, Tong Y, Wei G, Chai L, Hu R. Medicinal flora of the baiku yao people - An ethnobotanical documentation in South China. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:242. [PMID: 38907195 PMCID: PMC11193194 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores the medicinal plant knowledge of the Baiku Yao, a unique ethnic group in China. Despite existing research on their ethnobotanical practices, a comprehensive understanding of their medicinal flora remains lacking. This study aims to document and analyze the species distribution, utilization, and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Baiku Yao. METHODS Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in various Baiku Yao villages across different seasons from 2019 to 2023. Informants were interviewed, and plant specimens were collected and identified. Statistical analyses, including the Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), were employed to understand plant importance in Baiku Yao culture. RESULTS In an ethnobotanical survey conducted in the Baiku Yao region, 434 medicinal plant species were documented, highlighting significant ethnobotanical diversity and a deep cultural integration of traditional medicinal practices. The study revealed pronounced geographical variations in plant knowledge among villages, with a notable reliance on wild plants, as 85.48% were sourced from the wild, reflecting unique local ethnobotanical knowledge. Predominantly herbs and shrubs were used due to their accessibility and abundance in the local environment. High Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) values for certain species underscored their importance for local health needs and additional economic value. The utilization of various plant parts, particularly whole plants, roots, and leaves, indicates a holistic approach to medicinal applications, adapted to combat prevalent health issues such as skin and infectious diseases. The study also uncovered the Baiku Yao's cultural practices for countering "Gu" afflictions-a range of pathogenic conditions-with 18 diverse antidote plants used for skin, digestive, and musculoskeletal disorders. The study underscores the imperative of preserving this rich medicinal heritage through innovative models that engage youth and leverage new media, ensuring the inheritance and evolution of Baiku Yao's traditional knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Baiku Yao's medicinal plant use reflects a deep, culturally ingrained knowledge, closely tied to local ecology. The study highlights the importance of preserving this unique ethnobotanical heritage and suggests interdisciplinary approaches for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Binsheng Luo
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lushan, 332900, China
| | - Yuanming Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Guiyuan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Ling Chai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Renchuan Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China.
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Ebadollahi A, Setzer WN, Palla F. Artemisia fragrans Willd. Essential Oil: Chemical Profile and Insecticidal Potential against the Confused Flour Beetle, Tribolium confusum du Val. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1725. [PMID: 38999565 PMCID: PMC11243025 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum du Val, is one of the cosmopolitan and polyphagous storage insect pests. The frequent application of chemical insecticides has resulted in several side effects, including threats to human health and non-target organisms and the resistance of insect pests. In the current study, the fumigant toxicity and feeding deterrence potential of Artemisia fragrans Willd. essential oil on T. confusum adults were investigated. The essential oil was rich in terpenic compounds, in which α-thujone (27.8%) and 1,8-cineole (22.8%) were dominant. The essential oil displayed significant fumigant toxicity on T. confusum, where a concentration of 35.3 μL/L caused 100% mortality of the treated adults after 48 h. The LC30 and LC40 values (lethal concentrations to kill 30% and 40% of tested insects: 15.1 and 18.4 μL/L, respectively) significantly decreased the nutritional indices of the pest, including the consumption index, relative consumption rate, and relative growth rate. The feeding deterrence index of the essential oil were calculated as being 62.29 and 48.66% for the concentrations of 15.1 and 18.4 μL/L after 5 days, respectively. Accordingly, A. fragrans essential oil can be considered an efficient, available, and natural alternative to detrimental chemical pesticides in the management of T. confusum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ebadollahi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 5697194781, Iran
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Franco Palla
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Shafe MO, Gumede NM, Nyakudya TT, Chivandi E. Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:6252426. [PMID: 38883868 PMCID: PMC11179732 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6252426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and tomato-based products. Like other phytochemicals, it exhibits health beneficial biological activities that can be exploited when it is used as a dietary supplement. In vitro and in vivo, lycopene has been demonstrated to mitigate oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunctions and diseases including inflammation, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Lycopene has been shown to alleviate metabolic diseases that affect the bone, eye, kidney, liver, lungs, heart, and nervous system. This review presents the state of the art regarding lycopene's health benefits and its potential applications in health system delivery. Furthermore, lycopene's protective effects against toxins, safety in its use, and possible toxicity are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Omoye Shafe
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Bingham University, P.M.B. 005, New Karu, Nasarawa 961002, Nigeria
| | - Nontobeko Myllet Gumede
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Eliton Chivandi
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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Khurshid S, Farwa U, Mazhar Z, Naeem H, Ishaq Y. Evaluation of Aloe Vera Gel Combined with Cinnamon Oil with Antibacterial Activity for Wound Healing Application. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2024:15347346241259102. [PMID: 38835214 DOI: 10.1177/15347346241259102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of chronic wounds has been shifted to traditional approaches due to surge in antibiotic resistance. Wounds that fail to heal satisfactorily may result in the amputation of the organ. In this research work, cinnamon oil (CO) and aloe vera (AV) that have been traditionally used as antibacterial agents are combined in a unique gel (COVA) and its antibacterial activity has been evaluated through in vitro and in vivo studies. Antibacterial activity was measured through disk diffusion and agar dilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. To check antibacterial and wound healing activity, diabetic excision wound healing rat model was used. Wound closure, wound contraction, tissue hydroxyproline content, antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were monitored. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of CO + AV for bacterium P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were 100 and 200 µg/ml, respectively. After 14 days, the wounds covered with COVA therapy reached to nearly full wound closure (79% wound contraction) compared to control. The collagen content and level of TAC increased significantly (P < 0.05) in treated groups; therefore, 25% fast healing was observed in wounds treated with CO and AV gel combined. Reduced levels of tissue MDA were observed in all treated groups and specially wound covered with COVA (0.43 mM/mg in control vs 0.25 mM/mg in COVA). Histopathological examination also supported the outcomes. Significantly elevated increase in the level of hydroxyproline was found in rats of COVA treatment group (37.1 ± 0.44). Combination of CO and AV can be potentially used to prevent infection in wound; as these herbal agents not only inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria but also accelerate tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khurshid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ume Farwa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaryab Mazhar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Naeem
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yasmeen Ishaq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zamarioli LDS, Santos MRM, Erustes AG, Meccatti VM, Pereira TC, Smaili SS, Marcucci MC, Oliveira CR, Pereira GJS, Bincoletto C. Artemisia vulgaris Induces Tumor-Selective Ferroptosis and Necroptosis via Lysosomal Ca 2+ Signaling. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:525-533. [PMID: 38040876 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the chemical composition and effects of Artemisia vulgaris (AV) hydroalcoholic extract (HEAV) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and SKBR-3), chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) and NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. METHODS Phytochemical analysis of HEAV was done by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass (HPLC) spectrometry. Viability and cell death studies were performed using trypan blue and Annexin/FITC-7AAD, respectively. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) were used to assess the mode of HEAV-induced cell death and acetoxymethylester (BAPTA-AM) was used to verify the involvement of cytosolic calcium in this event. Cytosolic calcium measurements were made using Fura-2-AM. RESULTS HEAV decreased the viability of MCF-7, SKBR-3 and K562 cells (P<0.05). The viability of HEAV-treated K562 cells was reduced compared to HEAV-exposed fibroblasts (P<0.05). Treatment of K562 cells with HEAV induced cell death primarily by late apoptosis and necrosis in assays using annexin V-FITC/7-AAD (P<0.05). The use of Nec-1 and Fer-1 increased the viability of K562 cells treated with HEAV relative to cells exposed to HEAV alone (P<0.01). HEAV-induced Ca2+ release mainly from lysosomes in K562 cells (P<0.01). Furthermore, BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, decreased the number of non-viable cells treated with HEAV (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HEAV is cytotoxic and activates several modalities of cell death, which are partially dependent on lysosomal release of Ca2+. These effects may be related to artemisinin and caffeoylquinic acids, the main compounds identified in HEAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Dos Santos Zamarioli
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Michele Rosana Maia Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Adolfo Garcia Erustes
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Marques Meccatti
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cristine Pereira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Marcucci
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- Research Group on Phytocomplexes and Cell Signaling, School of Health Sciences, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paulo, SP, 03164-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J S Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil.
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Fazel MF, Abu IF, Mohamad MHN, Mat Daud NA, Hasan AN, Aboo Bakkar Z, Md Khir MAN, Juliana N, Das S, Mohd Razali MR, Zainal Baharin NH, Ismail AA. Physicochemistry, Nutritional, and Therapeutic Potential of Ficus carica - A Promising Nutraceutical. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1947-1968. [PMID: 38831870 PMCID: PMC11146627 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s436446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In an era where synthetic supplements have raised concerns regarding their effects on human health, Ficus carica has emerged as a natural alternative rich in polyphenolic compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Various studies on F. carica focusing on the analysis and validation of its pharmacological and nutritional properties are emerging. This paper summarizes present data and information on the phytochemical, nutritional values, therapeutic potential, as well as the toxicity profile of F. carica. An extensive search was conducted from various databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 126 studies and articles related to F. carica that were published between 1999 and 2023 were included in this review. Remarkably, F. carica exhibits a diverse array of advantageous effects, including, but not limited to, antioxidant, anti-neurodegenerative, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-angiogenic, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, and antimutagenic properties. Among the highlights include that antioxidants from F. carica were demonstrated to inhibit cholinesterase, potentially protecting neurons in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. The antimicrobial activities of F. carica were attributed to its high flavonoids and terpenoids content, while its virucidal action through the inhibition of DNA and RNA replication was postulated due to its triterpenes content. Inflammatory and arthritic conditions may also benefit from its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties through the modulation of various signalling proteins. Studies have also shown that F. carica extracts were generally safe and exhibit low toxicity profile, although more research in this aspect is required, specifically its effects on the skin. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of F. carica as a valuable natural therapeutic agent and dietary supplement. However, continued exploration on F. carica's safety and efficacy is still required prior to embarking on clinical trials, as its role in personalized nutrition and medication will open a new paradigm to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fattah Fazel
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Haiqal Nizar Mohamad
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah, Malacca, Malaysia
| | - Noor Arniwati Mat Daud
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Najib Hasan
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainie Aboo Bakkar
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Alif Naim Md Khir
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Ziyanok-Demirtas S. A Holistic In Silico and In Vivo Approach to Exploring the Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Hepatoprotective Properties of Rose of Sharon. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:686. [PMID: 38929670 PMCID: PMC11204520 DOI: 10.3390/life14060686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant global health burden that necessitates the exploration of effective and accessible therapeutic options. Phytotherapy has played a vital role in healthcare, with plant extracts being integral to traditional medicinal practices. The therapeutic potential of Hibiscus syriacus (Rose of Sharon), a plant with a rich ethnobotanical history, in the management of DM and its associated complications was investigated. In this study, the therapeutic potential of Hibiscus syriacus L. extract (HSE) against DM in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was assessed, focusing on its effects on glucose regulation, antioxidative defense, and liver protection. The administration of the HSE extract substantially reduced hyperglycemia and increased insulin production, with concurrent improvements in body weight and hydration. The enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), suggests reduced oxidative stress, which is further supported by molecular docking results with the 3GTV superoxide dismutase enzyme, showing a binding energy of -6.3 kcal/mol. A decrease in MDA levels also indicates a reduction in oxidative stress. Notably, HSE treatment led to decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and improved lipid profiles, indicating its hepatoprotective and lipid-modifying benefits. These findings support the inclusion of HSE as an adjunctive therapy in DM management strategies. This study promotes the consideration of Hibiscus syriacus L. therapeutic properties in global health contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedef Ziyanok-Demirtas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
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50
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Boța M, Vlaia L, Jîjie AR, Marcovici I, Crişan F, Oancea C, Dehelean CA, Mateescu T, Moacă EA. Exploring Synergistic Interactions between Natural Compounds and Conventional Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Preclinical Models of Lung Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:598. [PMID: 38794168 PMCID: PMC11123751 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current work, the synergy between natural compounds and conventional chemotherapeutic drugs is comprehensively reviewed in light of current preclinical research findings. The prognosis for lung cancer patients is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of 18.1%. The use of natural compounds in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs has gained significant attention as a potential novel approach in the treatment of lung cancer. The present work highlights the importance of finding more effective therapies to increase survival rates. Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option for lung cancer but it has limitations such as reduced effectiveness because cancer cells become resistant. Natural compounds isolated from medicinal plants have shown promising anticancer or chemopreventive properties and their synergistic effect has been observed when combined with conventional therapies. The combined use of an anti-cancer drug and a natural compound exhibits synergistic effects, enhancing overall therapeutic actions against cancer cells. In conclusion, this work provides an overview of the latest preclinical research on medicinal plants and plant-derived compounds as alternative or complementary treatment options for lung cancer chemotherapy and discusses the potential of natural compounds in treating lung cancer with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Boța
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Lavinia Vlaia
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.B.); (L.V.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alex-Robert Jîjie
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.M.); (F.C.); (C.A.D.); (E.-A.M.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.M.); (F.C.); (C.A.D.); (E.-A.M.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flavia Crişan
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.M.); (F.C.); (C.A.D.); (E.-A.M.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Discipline of Pneumology, Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.M.); (F.C.); (C.A.D.); (E.-A.M.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tudor Mateescu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases and Pneumophthiology Dr. Victor Babes, 13 Gheorghe Adam Street, RO-300310 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Elena-Alina Moacă
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.M.); (F.C.); (C.A.D.); (E.-A.M.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
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