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Vergoten G, Bailly C. Interaction of Asparagusic Acid, Asparaptines and Related Dithiolane Derivatives With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2): A Molecular Docking Study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2025; 39:e70236. [PMID: 40127219 PMCID: PMC11932575 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.70236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025]
Abstract
A variety of sulfur-containing small molecules can be found in the spears of asparagus (Asparagus Officinalis L.) including compounds derived from asparagusic acid such as the amino acid derivatives asparaptines A, B, and C. The previous characterization of asparaptine A as an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) prompted us to compare the binding of the three asparaptines to ACE2 using molecular modeling. The lysine conjugate asparaptine B was found to bind better to the enzyme than the arginine (asparaptine A) and histidine (asparaptine C) conjugates. The stability of ACE2-asparaptine B complexes was only a little inferior to that observed with the reference ACE2 inhibitor MLN-4760. On this basis, 20 additional compounds bearing a thiol group or a dithiolane motif were evaluated as potential binders to ACE2 using the same docking methodology. Three compounds emerged as robust ACE2 binders: the natural products isovalthine and N-acetyl-felinine, and the drug candidate CMX-2043. The empirical energy of interaction (ΔE) of N-acetyl-felinine with ACE2 was comparable to that measured with asparaptine B, and a little higher with the thiol metabolite isovalthine. Remarkably, CMX-2043 revealed a high capacity to form stable complexes with ACE2, superior to that of the reference MLN-4760. Both the l-Glu-l-Ala dipeptide motif and the α-lipoic acid moiety of CMX-2043 are implicated in the protein interaction. Our observations pave the way to the design of novel ligands of ACE2 equipped with a dithiolane motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Vergoten
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1286 ‐ INFINITE ‐ Lille Inflammation Research International Center, ICPALLilleFrance
| | - Christian Bailly
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, CNRS, Inserm, UMR9020 – UMR1277 – Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesLilleFrance
- Oncowitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Lille (Wasquehal)France
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Aleksejeva S, Meija L, Zolovs M, Ciprovica I. Plasma Lipid Profile Among Perimenopausal Latvian Women in Relation to Dietary Habits. Nutrients 2025; 17:243. [PMID: 39861374 PMCID: PMC11767470 DOI: 10.3390/nu17020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hormonal changes throughout a woman's life cycle significantly affect serum lipid levels. Alterations in the serum lipid profile can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Additionally, nutrition and dietary habits are crucial for managing dyslipidemia. The current study evaluated the association between dietary habits and plasma lipid profiles among perimenopausal women in Latvia. Methods: The randomized clinical trial involved perimenopausal women (n = 61) aged 49 ± 3 years with moderately high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of 3.61 ± 0.30 mmol L-1. A series of questionnaires were completed, including a questionnaire on the subject's demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, health, physical activity, and dietary factors, a 24 h food diary, a 72 h food diary, and a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood testing was conducted for all participants, which included total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and glucose level analyses. Results: The consumption of refined sugar, honey, syrup, and jam demonstrated a strong positive association with higher levels of remnant cholesterol (β = 0.462, p ≤ 0.05) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) (β = 0.395, p ≤ 0.05). Similarly, the consumption of fruit juices is associated with increased LDL-C (β = 0.303, p ≤ 0.05) and non-HDL-C (β = 0.285, p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, higher meat and poultry consumption negatively correlates with TC levels (β = -0.290, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: This underscores the need for further examination to understand the impact of dietary habits on lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Aleksejeva
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia;
| | - Laila Meija
- Department of Rehabilitation, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Maksims Zolovs
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia;
- Statistics Unit, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inga Ciprovica
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia;
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Kiuchi Y, Tsutsumimoto K, Nishimoto K, Misu Y, Ohata T, Makizako H, Shimada H. Effect of eating alone and depression symptoms on incident disability among community-dwelling older adults. Nutrition 2025; 129:112599. [PMID: 39476512 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The intent of the present study was to elucidate the association of eating alone and depressive symptoms with the development of disability among community-dwelling older adults, using a longitudinal study. METHOD Participants included 4648 Japanese older adults (mean age 73.8 ± 5.4 years; 44.3% men) aged ≥ 65 years at the time of the examination. Eating status was divided into two categories: "Eating with others at least once a day" and "Other." The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Incident disability was certified by long-term care insurance (median duration: 36 months). RESULTS During a median follow-up at 36 months, 8.0% of the participants developed an incident disability. Adjusted for covariates, the participants who ate alone were associated with a higher hazard ratio of incident disability compared to those who ate with others (hazard ratio: 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.75). However, adjusted for the covariate depressive symptoms, eating alone was not significantly associated with incident disability. Structural equation models revealed that the indirect model confirmed eating alone habits were associated with disability via depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that eating alone was associated with an incident disability after adjusting for the covariates. Furthermore, the present study suggests an indirect relationship between eating alone and incident disability via depressive symptoms, the result of the structural equation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Yamashina-Ku, Kyoto, Japan; Medical Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoka Ohata
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Division of Creative Physical Therapy, Field of Prevention and Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Narzary C, Sarkar D, Das P, Papi D. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity of Dioscorea bulbifera: A Comprehensive Review. Chem Biodivers 2025; 22:e202401408. [PMID: 39283965 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024]
Abstract
Dioscorea bulbifera (Family: Dioscoreaceae) also referred to as 'Air potato,' carries significant importance in the traditional medicine of China, West Africa and India. It is a common ingredient in numerous herbals and Ayurvedic formulations used to treat a variety of ailments. The literature review extensively examined the historical usage, phytoconstituents, characterisation of phytoconstituents, and medicinal uses of tubers, leaves, rhizomes and bulbils, with a particular focus on comparing research findings. Among the bioactive constituents, aglycone forms of steroidal saponins such as dioscorine, dioscin, diosbulbins, and diosgenin exhibit significant biological activities. Extracts from different parts of the plant exhibited pharmacological activities like anti-viral, anti-malarial, analgesic, antidiabetic, and anticancer. It is necessary to conduct an in-depth investigation to bridge between traditional knowledge and scientific evidence. This comprehensive review aims to provide a detailed understanding of the ethnobotany, phytoconstituent, chemical characterization and pharmacological potential of D. bulbifera, highlighting its prospects and challenges for future research and medicinal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Narzary
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Patarkuchi Lane, Beside Dichang Resort, Tepesia, Sonapur, Guwahati, Assam, PIN 782402, India
- Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhinagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN 781026, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Sarkar
- Assam down town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhinagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, PIN 781026, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Patarkuchi Lane, Beside Dichang Resort, Tepesia, Sonapur, Guwahati, Assam, PIN 782402, India
| | - Dakme Papi
- School of Pharmacy, Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai, Arunachal Pradesh, PIN-792103, India
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El-Hashim AZ, Khajah MA, Orabi KY, Balakrishnan S, Sary HG, Barakat AM. Treatment with onion bulb extract both prevents and reverses allergic inflammation in a murine model of asthma. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:326-340. [PMID: 38584568 PMCID: PMC11003327 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2335187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Asthma presents a global health challenge. The main pharmacotherapy is synthetic chemicals and biological-based drugs that are costly, and have significant side effects. In contrast, use of natural products, such as onion (Allium cepa L., Amaryllidaceae) in the treatment of airway diseases has increased world-wide because of their perceived efficacy and little safety concerns. However, their pharmacological actions remain largely uncharacterized. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether onion bulb extract (OBE) can (1) reverse established asthma phenotype (therapeutic treatment) and/or (2) prevent the development of the asthma phenotype, if given before the immunization process (preventative treatment). MATERIALS AND METHODS Six groups of male Balb/c mice were established for the therapeutic (21 days) and five groups for the preventative (19 days) treatment protocols; including PBS and house dust mite (HDM)-challenged mice treated with vehicle or OBE (30, 60, and 100 mg/kg/i.p.). Airways inflammation was determined using cytology, histology, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and serum IgE. RESULTS Therapeutic (60 mg/kg/i.p.) and preventative (100 mg/kg/i.p.) OBE treatment resulted in down-regulation of HDM-induced airway cellular influx, histopathological changes and the increase in expression of pro-inflammatory signaling pathway EGFR, ERK1/2, AKT, pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum IgE. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our data show that OBE is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with both therapeutic and preventative anti-asthma effects. These findings imply that onion/OBE may be used as an adjunct therapeutic agent in established asthma and/or to prevent development of allergic asthma. However, further studies to identify the active constituents, and demonstrate proof-of-concept in humans are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Z. El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maitham A. Khajah
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Khaled Y. Orabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sowmya Balakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hanan G. Sary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad M. Barakat
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Iacobellis I, Lisi A, Vacca M, Apa CA, Celano G, Mancini L, Minervini F, Calasso M, De Angelis M. Nutritional, Biochemical, and Functional Properties of Spinach Leaf-Enriched Dough: A Healthier Alternative to Conventional Pasta. Foods 2024; 13:3608. [PMID: 39594024 PMCID: PMC11593830 DOI: 10.3390/foods13223608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effects of spinach flour (SF) enrichment on pasta, focusing on chemical, nutritional and sensory properties, cooking performance, and microbiological stability. SF was added at 12.5% (PSP12) and 25% (PSP25). The enriched pasta had a lower pH than the control (CP), due to spinach-derived organic acids, with PSP25 showing the highest fiber content. Enrichment increased B vitamins and minerals, especially calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. PSP25 had a shorter cooking time, higher water absorption, and greater cooking loss. Enriched pasta showed lower starch hydrolysis index and predicted glycemic index, suggesting potential benefits for managing postprandial blood sugar levels. SF significantly altered the free amino acid (FAA) profile, with PSP25 showing the highest concentration of total FAAs. Antioxidant assays demonstrated that spinach-enriched pasta retained higher levels of phenols and flavonoids, after cooking also, compared to CP. Sensory analysis indicated that while PSP12 had higher overall acceptability, PSP25 exhibited stronger herbaceous flavors, which could affect consumer preference. Microbiologically, all samples were stable for 110 days. The findings suggest that SF enrichment enhances the nutritional value, antioxidant potential, and sensory qualities of pasta, with potential for commercial applications, although consumer acceptance could be influenced by its non-traditional taste and texture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mirco Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via G. Amendola 165A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.I.); (A.L.); (C.A.A.); (G.C.); (L.M.); (F.M.); (M.D.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Calasso
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via G. Amendola 165A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.I.); (A.L.); (C.A.A.); (G.C.); (L.M.); (F.M.); (M.D.A.)
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Yang S, Cao Z, Liu H, Li Z, Nie S, Xie M. Identifying atheroprotective fruits and vegetables by Mendelian Randomization analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1426763. [PMID: 39469330 PMCID: PMC11513280 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1426763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fruits and vegetables (FVs) are widely believed to mitigate the risk of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the causal relationships between specific FVs and AS risk factors remain unclear. Methods This study performed two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to infer the causality of the intake of 28 kinds of FVs with AS, as well as its risk factors including blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and C-reactive protein (CRP). GWAS genetic data for these exposures and outcomes were extracted from the IEU open GWAS project. Heterogeneity was evaluated using both Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger methods. MR-Egger regression was specifically deployed to detect potential pleiotropy. Furthermore, a "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the impact of each individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the combined outcome. Results The analysis confirms a causal relationship between total fruit consumption and reduced levels of LDL-C (OR = 0.911, p = 0.007) and CRP (OR = 0.868, p = 0.008). Similarly, total vegetable intake is also causally associated with a reduction in CRP levels (OR = 0.858, p = 0.018). Specifically, garlic intake exhibits the most significant causal relationship with reduced risk of AS (OR = 0.985, p = 0.036) and also causally associated with lower levels of LDL-C and TG. Berry (OR = 0.929, p = 0.010) and potato (OR = 0.957, p = 0.020) intake both display a significant causal negative association with TG levels, while peach/nectarine consumption is significantly associated with reduced CRP levels (OR = 0.913, p = 0.010). Conclusion This is the first MR study that systemically examined the causality between commonly consumed FVs and AS. Our findings highlight the atheroprotective effects of various FVs, particularly garlic, on cardiovascular health and the importance of tailored nutritional recommendations to prevent AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhikang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huidong Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ganzhou People's Hospital, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Silva S, Severo M, Lopes C. Association between calcium intake from different food sources during childhood and cardiometabolic risk on adolescence: The Generation XXI birth cohort. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13158. [PMID: 39155440 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium intake has been associated with lower adiposity, but few studies explored the longitudinal relation of calcium from different sources and cardiometabolic markers in young population. OBJECTIVE Prospectively estimate the association between dairy and non-dairy calcium intake at 4, 7, and 10 years (y) of age and cardiometabolic risk at 13 y. METHODS The sample included 4017 participants from the Generation XXI birth cohort. Dietary data were collected from a 3-day food diary. Cardiometabolic clusters at 13 y were estimated by a probabilistic Gaussian mixture model (z-score of waist circumference [WC], HOMA-IR; HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure [BP]). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate associations. RESULTS Calcium intake (/100 mg), after adjustment for confounders, was negatively and significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (β = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04; -0.01), WC (cm) (β = -0.23, 95% CI: -0.36; -0.11), and diastolic BP (mmHg) (β = -0.14, 95% CI: -0.26; -0.03). After additional adjustment for total energy intake, associations lose statistical significance. Calcium intake from milk at 7 y was inversely associated with WC (β = -0.25, 95% CI: -0.48; -0.03) and from yogurt at 10 y was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03; 0.13) and WC (β = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.12; 0.96). Calcium from vegetables at 4, 7, 10 y reduces later cardiometabolic risk (OR = 0.71; OR = 0.84; OR = 0.98, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study supports a protective effect of calcium on adolescents' cardiometabolic health, especially from vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Denysyuk HV, Pires IM, Garcia NM. A roadmap for empowering cardiovascular disease patients: a 5P-Medicine approach and technological integration. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17895. [PMID: 39224824 PMCID: PMC11368085 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This article explores the multifaceted concept of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients' empowerment, emphasizing a shift from compliance-oriented models to active patient participation. In recognizing that cardiovascular disease is a paramount global health challenge, this study illuminates the pressing need for empowering patients, underscoring their role as active participants in their healthcare journey. Grounded in 5P-Medicine principles-Predictive, Preventive, Participatory, Personalized, and Precision Medicine-the importance of empowering CVD patients through analytics, prevention, participatory decision making, and personalized treatments is highlighted. Incorporating a comprehensive overview of patient empowerment strategies, including self-management, health literacy, patient involvement, and shared decision making, the article advocates for tailored approaches aligned with individual needs, cultural contexts, and healthcare systems. Technological integration is examined to enhance patient engagement and personalized healthcare experiences. The critical role of patient-centered design in integrating digital tools for CVD management is emphasized, ensuring successful adoption and meaningful impact on healthcare outcomes. The conclusion proposes vital research questions addressing challenges and opportunities in CVD patient empowerment. These questions stress the importance of medical community research, understanding user expectations, evaluating existing technologies, defining ideal empowerment scenarios, and conducting a literature review for informed advancements. This article lays the foundation for future research, contributing to ongoing patient-centered healthcare evolution, especially in empowering individuals with a 5P-Medicine approach to cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna V. Denysyuk
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ivan Miguel Pires
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda, Universidade de Aveiro, Águeda, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Garcia
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Hemami RM, Farhangi MA, Rouzi MD, Abdi F. Dietary fatty acid pattern and its association with metabolic profile among overweight and obese adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:141. [PMID: 39103858 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have revealed the role of dietary fatty acids in human health. However, few studies have evaluated dietary fatty acid patterns and their association with metabolic parameters. The current study aimed to explore the association between dietary fatty acid patterns and risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) among overweight and obese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 340 participants who were overweight or obese. The study included assessments of body composition and anthropometric measurements. Dietary fatty acid consumption was evaluated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) containing 168 items. Additionally, biochemical parameters, including serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting serum glucose (FSG), and insulin levels, were measured using enzymatic methods. Fatty acid patterns were determined by principal component analysis (PCA), and the association between these dietary FA patterns and risk factors related to MetS components was assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS Factor analysis conducted in this study explored three dietary fatty acid patterns: saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and long-chain combined fatty acids (LC-CFA). Those at the highest tertile of the SFA pattern had lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.03). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) was lower in the second and third tertiles (P ≤ 0.05). Also, higher fasting blood glucose (FBS) was observed in the second and third tertiles (P < 0.05), and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was higher in the third tertile (P = 0.049). In the PUFA pattern, FBS was lower in the third tertile (P = 0.03). In the LC-CFA pattern, lower TC was achieved in higher tertiles (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that consuming high and moderate SFA patterns is associated with higher FBS and HOMA-IR. Also, increased consumption of SCFAs is related to lower DPB and LDL. Individuals who consumed more PUFA, especially linoleic acid, had lower FBS. These outcomes might be beneficial in managing MetS and leading to a new field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Mokhtari Hemami
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri street, Daneshgah Blv, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri street, Daneshgah Blv, Tabriz, Iran
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Hassan R, Ali M, Saha S, Akhter S, Amin MR. Geospatial variation in dietary patterns and their association with heart disease in Bangladeshi population: Evidence from a nationwide survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307507. [PMID: 39024333 PMCID: PMC11257343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is a significant public health threat, and its burden is increasing worldwide. Recent evidence suggests that dietary pattern is a key modifiable factor for heart disease. Research regarding dietary patterns and heart disease in Bangladesh with their spatial variability is limited. In this study, the spatial variation and relationship between dietary patterns and heart disease among Bangladeshi people was investigated. The country-representative Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016 dataset was used, and a total of 77,207 participants aged 30 years and over were included. A principal component analysis was conducted to derive the dietary patterns. Both statistical and spatial analyses were performed. The overall prevalence of heart disease was 3.6%, with a variation of 0.6% to 10.4% across districts of Bangladesh. Three major dietary patterns, named "festival pattern", "pickles and fast foods pattern", and "rice and vegetable pattern" were identified, accounting for 25.2% of the total dietary variance. Both the dietary pattern and heart disease rate varied across the region. A higher risk of heart disease was persistent in the western-south, southern, central, and eastern regions, as was greater adherence to the "festival pattern" and "pickles and fast foods pattern." After adjusting for confounders, participants with the highest adherence to the "rice and vegetable pattern" were associated with a lower likelihood of developing heart disease (AOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64-0.95, p <0.05), while the highest adherence to the "pickles and fast foods pattern" was associated with a higher likelihood of developing heart disease (AOR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.27-1.76, p <0.001). The spatial disparities in the prevalence of heart disease and dietary patterns underscore the significance of prioritizing intervention at the district level, especially in the western-south, southern, central, and eastern regions, to control the rising heart disease trends in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafid Hassan
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Masum Ali
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjib Saha
- Department of Clinical Science (Malmö), Health Economics Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sadika Akhter
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Md. Ruhul Amin
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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12
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Salawu MM, Erakhaiwu JE, Bamgboye EA, Jalo RI, Ogah OS, Oyewole OE, Akinyemi JO, Sani MU, Ajayi IO. Differentials in lifestyle practices and determinants among hypertensive adults from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2024; 48:98. [PMID: 39492855 PMCID: PMC11530389 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.98.40776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction hypertension is a major public health problem globally. The occurrence has been associated with unhealthy lifestyles (such as high salt consumption, physical inactivity, excessive intake of alcohol and unhealthy diet), which are very critical for hypertension control. The study was conducted to assess the lifestyle practices and their determinants among adults with hypertension in Nigeria. Methods data on 762 adults living with hypertension were extracted from a cross-sectional survey conducted across three States (Abia, Kano and Oyo States) in Nigeria. A semi-structured pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Knowledge of lifestyle practices was categorized into good and poor at 25th percentile cut-off point. Overall lifestyle practice was grouped into healthy and unhealthy practices. Healthy lifestyle practice was defined as score of four and above while unhealthy lifestyle practice was defined as score of three and below; in all the 7 specific domains of lifestyle practices assessed (maximum obtainable was 7). The cut off was chosen based on 90% sensitivity from the Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) distribution of the scores. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to explore associations and determine predictors of lifestyle practices. Level of significance was set at 5%. Results the mean age of the respondents was 55.4±16.3 years. About one-quarter of the respondents (24.3%) had good knowledge of lifestyle practices. Overall, 11.8% of respondents were engaged in good lifestyle practices. Independent predictors of good lifestyle practices were earning monthly income of N30,000 and above [AOR=1.58; 95% CI (1.03-2.42)], being a farmer [AOR=1.09; 95% CI (0.55-2.18)] and artisan [AOR=1.50; 95% CI (0.70-3.14)]. Conclusion the poor knowledge of lifestyle practices and engagement among adults with hypertension found in this study underscore the need to emphasize integrating lifestyle education for effective management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobolaji Modinat Salawu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Justice Enosetale Erakhaiwu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eniola Adetola Bamgboye
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Rabiu Ibrahim Jalo
- Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu Samuel Ogah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oyediran Emmanuel Oyewole
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mahmoud Umar Sani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bayero University, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Ikeoluwapo Oyeneye Ajayi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Martemucci G, Khalil M, Di Luca A, Abdallah H, D’Alessandro AG. Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:327. [PMID: 38921462 PMCID: PMC11206163 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between metabolic syndrome and diabesity, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against metabolic syndrome involving integrative approaches to improve lifestyle and daily diet. The beneficial effects of foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, intestinal microbiota control, and physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined a large body of published articles involving basic, animal, and human studie, as well as recent guidelines. As a result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, along with physical exercise, are promising complementary therapies to delay or prevent the onset of metabolic syndrome and counteract diabesity and cardiovascular diseases, as well as to protect against neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive decline. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota reduces the risks associated with MS, improves diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, the estimation of dietary polyphenol intake is inconclusive and requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and reduced calorie intake can improve metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
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14
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Murcia-Lesmes D, Domínguez-López I, Laveriano-Santos EP, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Castro-Barquero S, Estruch R, Vazquez-Ruiz Z, Ruiz-Canela M, Razquin C, Corella D, Sorli JV, Salas-Salvadó J, Pérez-Vega KA, Gómez-Gracia E, Lapetra J, Arós F, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Pinto X, Ros E, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Association between tomato consumption and blood pressure in an older population at high cardiovascular risk: observational analysis of PREDIMED trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:922-934. [PMID: 38001046 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Clinical studies have produced conflicting evidence on the effects of the consumption of tomatoes on blood pressure, and there are limited data from epidemiologic studies. This study assesses whether tomato consumption (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the risk of hypertension in a prospective 3-year longitudinal study in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS The present study was carried out within the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial involving 7056 (82.5% hypertensive) participants. The consumption of tomato (g/day) was measured using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire and categorized into four groups: lowest (<44 g), intermediate (44-82 g), upper-intermediate (82-110 g), and highest (>110 g). Multilevel linear mixed models examined blood pressure and tomato consumption association. Cox proportional-hazards models analysed hypertension risk in 1097 non-hypertensive participants, studying risk reductions vs. the lowest tomato consumers. An inverse association between tomato consumption and diastolic blood pressure was observed between the intermediate group β = -0.65 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.20, -0.10] and the lowest consumption group. A significant inverse association was observed for blood pressure in grade 1 hypertension participants in the intermediate tomato consumption group. The risk of hypertension decreased with consumption of >110 g/day tomato (highest vs. lowest consumption; hazard ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.51-0.89]). CONCLUSION Tomato consumption, including tomato-based products, is beneficial in preventing and managing hypertension. Higher tomato intake reduces hypertension risk by 36%, and moderate consumption lowers blood pressure, especially in grade 1 hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Murcia-Lesmes
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Inés Domínguez-López
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emily P Laveriano-Santos
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Mejia Lequerica 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vazquez-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose V Sorli
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Karla-Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, Malaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Luis Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Xavier Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid and Vascular Risk Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, FIPEC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Bánáti D, Hellman-Regen J, Mack I, Young HA, Benton D, Eggersdorfer M, Rohn S, Dulińska-Litewka J, Krężel W, Rühl R. Defining a vitamin A5/X specific deficiency - vitamin A5/X as a critical dietary factor for mental health. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:443-475. [PMID: 38904956 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A healthy and balanced diet is an important factor to assure a good functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system. Retinoid X receptor (RXR)-mediated signaling was identified as an important mechanism of transmitting major diet-dependent physiological and nutritional signaling such as the control of myelination and dopamine signalling. Recently, vitamin A5/X, mainly present in vegetables as provitamin A5/X, was identified as a new concept of a vitamin which functions as the nutritional precursor for enabling RXR-mediated signaling. The active form of vitamin A5/X, 9-cis-13,14-dehydroretinoic acid (9CDHRA), induces RXR-activation, thereby acting as the central switch for enabling various heterodimer-RXR-signaling cascades involving various partner heterodimers like the fatty acid and eicosanoid receptors/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the cholesterol receptors/liver X receptors (LXRs), the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the vitamin A(1) receptors/retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Thus, nutritional supply of vitamin A5/X might be a general nutritional-dependent switch for enabling this large cascade of hormonal signaling pathways and thus appears important to guarantee an overall organism homeostasis. RXR-mediated signaling was shown to be dependent on vitamin A5/X with direct effects for beneficial physiological and neuro-protective functions mediated systemically or directly in the brain. In summary, through control of dopamine signaling, amyloid β-clearance, neuro-protection and neuro-inflammation, the vitamin A5/X - RXR - RAR - vitamin A(1)-signaling might be "one of" or even "the" critical factor(s) necessary for good mental health, healthy brain aging, as well as for preventing drug addiction and prevention of a large array of nervous system diseases. Likewise, vitamin A5/X - RXR - non-RAR-dependent signaling relevant for myelination/re-myelination and phagocytosis/brain cleanup will contribute to such regulations too. In this review we discuss the basic scientific background, logical connections and nutritional/pharmacological expert recommendations for the nervous system especially considering the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diána Bánáti
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julian Hellman-Regen
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin, Section Neurobiology, University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hayley A Young
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, UK
| | - David Benton
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, UK
| | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- Department of Healthy Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Inserm U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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16
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Zhang L, Meng S, Liu Y, Han F, Xu T, Zhao Z, Li Z. Advances in and Perspectives on Transgenic Technology and CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing in Broccoli. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:668. [PMID: 38927604 PMCID: PMC11203320 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Broccoli, a popular international Brassica oleracea crop, is an important export vegetable in China. Broccoli is not only rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals but also has anticancer and antiviral activities. Recently, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system has been established and optimized in broccoli, and transgenic transformation and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing techniques have been applied to improve broccoli quality, postharvest shelf life, glucoraphanin accumulation, and disease and stress resistance, among other factors. The construction and application of genetic transformation technology systems have led to rapid development in broccoli worldwide, which is also good for functional gene identification of some potential traits in broccoli. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress in transgenic technology and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing for broccoli over the past four decades. Moreover, it explores the potential for future integration of digital and smart technologies into genetic transformation processes, thus demonstrating the promise of even more sophisticated and targeted crop improvements. As the field continues to evolve, these innovations are expected to play a pivotal role in the sustainable production of broccoli and the enhancement of its nutritional and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Sufang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
| | - Yumei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
| | - Fengqing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
| | - Tiemin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
- Shouguang R&D Center of Vegetables, CAAS, Shouguang 262700, China;
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Shouguang R&D Center of Vegetables, CAAS, Shouguang 262700, China;
| | - Zhansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (L.Z.); (S.M.); (Y.L.); (F.H.); (T.X.)
- Shouguang R&D Center of Vegetables, CAAS, Shouguang 262700, China;
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Tan L, Stagg L, Hanlon E, Li T, Fairley AM, Siervo M, Matu J, Griffiths A, Shannon OM. Associations between Vegetable Nitrate Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1511. [PMID: 38794749 PMCID: PMC11124077 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables increases nitric oxide bioavailability, lowers blood pressure, and improves endothelial function. These effects could also translate into reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and mortality. This systematic review aimed to investigate the associations between habitual vegetable nitrate intake and CVD incidence and mortality. A secondary aim was to identify factors that moderate the relationship between vegetable nitrate intake and CVD incidence/mortality. Seven databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and APA PsycINFO) were searched from inception to 13 February 2023. Observational studies quantifying vegetable nitrate intake in participants aged 18+ years through self-reported dietary exposure and assessing incidence or mortality from CVD overall, or individual CVD subtypes, were eligible. Five studies including a total of 63,155 participants were included. There was an inverse association between vegetable nitrate intake and most reported CVD outcomes. Reported risk reductions tended to plateau at moderate intake, suggesting a possible ceiling effect. The risk of bias across all studies was low. The results of this systematic review suggest a potential role for vegetable nitrate in reducing CVD risk and mortality. Further randomised controlled trials are now required to corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loucas Tan
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (L.T.); (L.S.); (E.H.); (T.L.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Libby Stagg
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (L.T.); (L.S.); (E.H.); (T.L.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Emily Hanlon
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (L.T.); (L.S.); (E.H.); (T.L.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Toby Li
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (L.T.); (L.S.); (E.H.); (T.L.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Andrea M. Fairley
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional & Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (L.T.); (L.S.); (E.H.); (T.L.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
- Curtin Dementia Centre of Excellence, Enable Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK; (J.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Alex Griffiths
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK; (J.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Oliver M. Shannon
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Misawa T, Kagawa T, Ohgami N, Tazaki A, Ohnuma S, Naito H, Chen D, Gu Y, Tamura T, Wakai K, Nishiwaki K, Kato M. Elevated level of urinary tellurium is a potential risk for increase of blood pressure in humans and mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108735. [PMID: 38761428 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People worldwide are routinely exposed to tellurium mainly via dietary ingestion. There has been no study to clarify the contribution of tellurium to blood pressure in humans or animals. METHODS In this cross-sectional study conducted in a general population of 2592 residents in Japan, the associations of urinary tellurium levels with blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension were investigated. The potential sources of tellurium were also investigated. An interventional study in mice confirmed the effect of tellurium exposure on blood pressure. RESULTS Linear and logistic regression analyses with consideration of confounders including urinary sodium-potassium ratio showed significant positive associations of urinary tellurium level with prevalence of hypertension and blood pressure. Cereals/beans and vegetables/fruits were determined to be potential dietary sources of tellurium exposure. Intermediary analysis suggested that increased intake of cereals/beans, but not that of vegetables/fruits, is positively associated with the tellurium-mediated risk of hypertension. Correspondingly, the mouse study showed that exposure to a putative human-equivalent dose of tellurium via drinking water increased blood pressure with an elevated level of urinary tellurium. The temporally increased blood pressure was decreased to the normal level by a break of tellurium exposure with a reduced level of urinary tellurium. CONCLUSIONS The interdisciplinary approach provided the first evidence that tellurium exposure is a potential risk for increase of blood pressure. Since the human urinary tellurium level in this study is comparable with the levels in general populations in other Asian and European countries in previous studies, exposure to tellurium may be a latent universal risk for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Misawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Ohgami
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Hygiene, Fujita Heath University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Tazaki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shoko Ohnuma
- Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hisao Naito
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Dijie Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yishuo Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Nishiwaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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19
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Çiçek SS, Mangoni A, Hanschen FS, Agerbirk N, Zidorn C. Essentials in the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of plant metabolite profiles. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 220:114004. [PMID: 38331135 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Plant metabolite profiling reveals the diversity of secondary or specialized metabolites in the plant kingdom with its hundreds of thousands of species. Specialized plant metabolites constitute a vast class of chemicals posing significant challenges in analytical chemistry. In order to be of maximum scientific relevance, reports dealing with these compounds and their source species must be transparent, make use of standards and reference materials, and be based on correctly and traceably identified plant material. Essential aspects in qualitative plant metabolite profiling include: (i) critical review of previous literature and a reasoned sampling strategy; (ii) transparent plant sampling with wild material documented by vouchers in public herbaria and, optimally, seed banks; (iii) if possible, inclusion of generally available reference plant material; (iv) transparent, documented state-of-the art chemical analysis, ideally including chemical reference standards; (v) testing for artefacts during preparative extraction and isolation, using gentle analytical methods; (vi) careful chemical data interpretation, avoiding over- and misinterpretation and taking into account phytochemical complexity when assigning identification confidence levels, and (vii) taking all previous scientific knowledge into account in reporting the scientific data. From the current stage of the phytochemical literature, selected comments and suggestions are given. In the past, proposed revisions of botanical taxonomy were sometimes based on metabolite profiles, but this approach ("chemosystematics" or "chemotaxonomy") is outdated due to the advent of DNA sequence-based phylogenies. In contrast, systematic comparisons of plant metabolite profiles in a known phylogenetic framework remain relevant. This approach, known as chemophenetics, allows characterizing species and clades based on their array of specialized metabolites, aids in deducing the evolution of biosynthetic pathways and coevolution, and can serve in identifying new sources of rare and economically interesting natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat S Çiçek
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Ulmenliet 20, 21033, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e. V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Niels Agerbirk
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts- Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
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20
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Alobaidi S, Saleh E. Antihypertensive Property of Celery: A Narrative Review on Current Knowledge. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:9792556. [PMID: 38505582 PMCID: PMC10950410 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9792556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background The incidence of hypertension is increasing significantly on a global scale, and it is considered the leading cause of heart disease and death. Despite the availability of hypotensive drugs, they have many side effects that decrease adherence to treatments and lead to uncontrolled blood pressure. Studies have revealed that celery contains bioactive compounds that oppose hypotensive effect. Methods A thorough literature review was conducted using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. To identify relevant studies on the topic, our search strategy employed keywords such as "celery," "Apium gravenols L," "hypertension," "high blood pressure," "apigenin," "antihypertensive," and "hypotensive." The search was limited to articles published between January 2013 and December 2023. The inclusion criteria were original research articles that involved both animal and human subjects, published in English, and reported results applicable to the subject of this review. Review articles or articles in the form of theses or books were excluded. Results The available evidence revealed that celery enhances blood pressure parameters. Clinical trials clarified that celery possesses its effect through many bioactive compounds, specifically 3-n-butylphthalide and apigenin. Based on animal and human studies, celery seems to elicit blood pressure regulation mainly by the vasodilatory, diuretic, and calcium channel-blocking properties. Furthermore, celery seed extract seems to exert a bradycardia effect. Conclusion The current literature review showed a considerable number of studies on the hypertensive models, which confirmed that celery and its extracts are effective hypotensive agents. Some limitations in comparing published data should be considered, including differences in doses, extracts, species of celery, and administration form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondos Alobaidi
- Nutrition and Food Technology Department, Agriculture School, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eman Saleh
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Allied Medical Sciences College, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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21
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Maqbool Z, Khalid W, Mahum, Khan A, Azmat M, Sehrish A, Zia S, Koraqi H, AL‐Farga A, Aqlan F, Khan KA. Cereal sprout-based food products: Industrial application, novel extraction, consumer acceptance, antioxidant potential, sensory evaluation, and health perspective. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:707-721. [PMID: 38370091 PMCID: PMC10867502 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cereal grains are a good source of macronutrients and micronutrients that are required for metabolic activity in the human body. Sprouts have been studied to enhance the nutrient profile. Moreover, secondary metabolites are examined as green food engineering technology that is used in the pharmaceutical, functional ingredients, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. The sprout-based food is commonly used to enhance the quality of products by softening the structure of the whole grain and increasing the phytochemicals (nutritional value and bioactive compounds). These sprouting grains can be added to a variety of products including snacks, bakery, beverage, and meat. Consuming whole grains has been shown to reduce the incidence and mortality of a variety of chronic and noncommunicable diseases. Sprouting grains have a diversity of biological functions, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Cereal sprout-based products are more beneficial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and gastrointestinal tract diseases. The novel extraction techniques (microwave-existed extraction, pulse electric field, and enzyme-associated) are applied to maintain and ensure the efficiency, safety, and nutritional profile of sprout. Nutrient-dense sprouts have a low environmental impact and are widely accepted by consumers. This review explores for the first time and sheds light on the antioxidant potential, sensory evaluation, industrial applications, and health perspective of cereal sprout-based food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Maqbool
- Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- University Institute of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Mahum
- Food Science and TechnologyMuhammad Nawaz Sharif University of AgricultureMultanPakistan
| | - Anosha Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Maliha Azmat
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aqeela Sehrish
- Department of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexasUSA
| | - Sania Zia
- University Institute of Food Science and TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Hyrije Koraqi
- Faculty of Food Science and BiotechnologyUBT‐Higher Education InstitutionPristinaKosovo
| | - Ammar AL‐Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesIbb UniversityIbbYemen
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Center of Bee Research and its Products/ Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS)King Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia
- Applied CollegeKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia
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22
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Bourenane K, Emon N. Current State of Food Prescriptions Used to Treat Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in the US Adult Population. Cureus 2024; 16:e53629. [PMID: 38449980 PMCID: PMC10915688 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic syndrome is unfortunately widely prevalent in medically underserved areas with one possible non-pharmacological solution being food prescriptions from food pharmacies. Food prescriptions are defined as when a physician prescribes certain foods as a treatment for health conditions. There seems to be a promising future for food prescriptions; however, there is a huge literature gap. Given this lack of knowledge regarding this burgeoning practice, we decided to review the current state of food prescriptions used to treat cardiometabolic conditions in the US adult clinical setting. A thorough search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles written about food prescriptions' impact on cardiometabolic risk factors was done. The keywords used included "food prescriptions, vegetables prescription, produce prescription, fruit prescriptions, food pharmacy, food as medicine, cardiometabolic, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, cholesterol, obesity, BMI, body mass index, triglycerides, and microalbuminuria." Of the 637 articles found with the associated keywords, 115 were kept after being screened by title and abstract. Finally, after a full-text record screening, 30 articles were deemed eligible based on our inclusion criteria. We analyzed the health markers, patient populations, methods of food procurement, and financial incentives in food prescription programs. On average, the implementation of food prescription programs decreased participants' BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and HbA1c. Participants in the programs were primarily comprised of African American, Hispanic, underinsured, low-income, older, and women groups. Programs with subsidies and vouchers had a higher compliance rate, and food sourced from farmers' markets, grocers, and mobile vendors had the best program compliance rates. According to the literature, adherence to food prescription programs on average decreases the BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference, and Hb1Ac of participants. However, those are the only biomarkers being studied currently, and future studies should incorporate other markers of chronic conditions. For example, a reliable indicator of cardiometabolic health is total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol, which should be measured in future experiments. Additionally, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol are all great markers of cardiometabolic health that can be measured in the future. The current implementation of many food prescription programs is in medically underserved areas. The patient populations are typically low-income, under- or uninsured, food insecure, and originating from diverse ethnic backgrounds. In the future, food prescription studies should be done on other ethnic populations including but not limited to Native Americans who also carry a large burden of preventable and chronic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Bourenane
- Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine (CUSM) School of Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Nora Emon
- Family Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, USA
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23
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El-Gindy YM, Zahran SM, Hassan MA, Sabir SA. Effect on physiological parameters and semen quality upon oral administration of fresh onion juice to V-line rabbit buck during severe heat stress. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2073-2081. [PMID: 35544609 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2070184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Severe heat stress is recognized as a factor that severely influences the semen quality and antioxidant status of rabbits. In this context, fresh onion juice (FOJ) may be a safe and useful option to improve reproductive performance. This research was designed to evaluate the anti-stress effects of FOJ on physiological and semen parameters in heat-stressed bucks. Thirty-six V-line rabbit bucks were randomly distributed into three groups. The bucks received FOJ orally at different doses [0 (water), 1.5, and 3 ml/kg live body weight] every 2 days over a period of 2 months, with 3 weeks as an adaptation period. FOJ treatments significantly improved semen characteristics, such as libido, mass and individual sperm motility, semen concentration, sperm viability, and acrosome reaction with increased initial seminal fructose, via the oral administration of 1.5 and 3 mL FOJ/kg body weight, compared with the findings in control bucks. Seminal plasma antioxidant status was significantly enhanced by FOJ treatments. It was concluded that the oral administration of FOJ under severe heat stress can improve bucks' semen characteristics and sex hormone concentrations except for testosterone, and it is considered a good strategy for improving the heat resistance of rabbit bucks, possibly due to its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmine M El-Gindy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Soliman M Zahran
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salem A Sabir
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Bieda, Libya
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24
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Mehryab F, Taghizadeh F, Goshtasbi N, Merati F, Rabbani S, Haeri A. Exosomes as cutting-edge therapeutics in various biomedical applications: An update on engineering, delivery, and preclinical studies. Biochimie 2023; 213:139-167. [PMID: 37207937 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles, circulating in different body fluids, and acting as an intercellular mechanism. They can be purified from culture media of different cell types and carry an enriched content of various protein and nucleic acid molecules originating from their parental cells. It was indicated that the exosomal cargo can mediate immune responses via many signaling pathways. Over recent years, the therapeutic effects of various exosome types were broadly investigated in many preclinical studies. Herein, we present an update on recent preclinical studies on exosomes as therapeutic and/or delivery agents for various applications. The exosome origin, structural modifications, natural or loaded active ingredients, size, and research outcomes were summarized for various diseases. Overall, the present article provides an overview of the latest exosome research interests and developments to clear the way for the clinical study design and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mehryab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taghizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Goshtasbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Merati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Pawar VA, Srivastava S, Tyagi A, Tayal R, Shukla SK, Kumar V. Efficacy of Bioactive Compounds in the Regulation of Metabolism and Pathophysiology in Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1041-1052. [PMID: 37458865 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis can wreak damage to metabolic and physiological processes which can eventually lead to an advancement in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as a key source of ROS. The purpose of the current review is to concisely discuss the role of bioactive compounds in the modulation of cardiovascular metabolism and their potential application in the management of cardiovascular diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, it has been shown that bioactive compounds exhibit immunomodulatory function by regulating inflammatory pathways and ROS homeostasis. It has also been reported that bioactive compounds regulate mitochondria dynamics, thus modulating the autophagy and energy metabolism in the cells. In the present article, we have discussed the roles of different bioactive compounds in the modulation of different inflammatory drivers. The functional properties of bioactive compounds in mitochondrial dynamics and its impact on cardiac disease protection have been briefly summarized. Furthermore, we have also discussed various aspects of bioactive compounds with respect to metabolism, immune modulation, circadian rhythm, and its impact on CVD's pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shivani Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Anuradha Tyagi
- Department of cBRN, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Rajul Tayal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Shukla
- Department of Oncology Science, OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Ma S, Wang H, Shen L, Dong Y, Zou Z. Higher vegetable consumption is related to a lower risk of cardiometabolic risk cluster among children and adolescents: A national cross-sectional study in China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1748-1759. [PMID: 37414666 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Evidence about the association between vegetable consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) cluster among children and adolescents was inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of CMRFs and CMRFs cluster, and to evaluate their associations with vegetable consumption. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 14,061 participants aged 6-19 years were recruited from 7 provinces of China. A standard physical examination, including height, weight and blood pressure, was conducted. Information regarding CMRFs was obtained through anthropometric measurements and blood sample testing, while weekly frequency and daily servings of vegetable consumption data collected by questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the odds ratios (OR) for associations between CMRFs, CMRFs cluster and vegetable consumption. The prevalence of no CMRFs cluster among children and adolescents was 26.4%. Participants whose daily vegetable consumption was 0.75-1.5 and ≥1.5 servings showed a lower risk of high blood pressure (HBP), high total cholesterol (TC), high triglyceride (TG), and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) compared to those with daily vegetable consumption of <0.75 servings. Besides, higher average daily vegetable consumption was strongly associated with lower risks of CMRFs cluster. Stratified analyses showed that the protective effects of more vegetable intake on CMRFs cluster were profounder in boys and young adolescents. CONCLUSION More vegetable intake was associated with lower risks of CMRFs cluster in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-19 years, which further highlighted the significance of vegetable consumption to improve the cardiometabolic risk status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
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27
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Staufenbiel I, Adam K, Hahn A, Kerlikowsky F, Flohr M, Schlueter N, Vach K. Influence of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Local and Systemic Inflammatory Signs in Experimentally Induced Gingivitis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3344. [PMID: 37571281 PMCID: PMC10420680 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous studies have been published investigating the relationship between various dietary components and inflammatory periodontal disease, it has not yet been possible to clearly distinguish between periodontally healthy and unhealthy diets. This clinical study aimed to assess the association of specific food ingredients and physical activity on local and systemic inflammatory signs in experimentally induced gingivitis. Thirty-nine non-smoking periodontally healthy volunteers (mean age 23.2 ± 3.8 years) refrained from oral hygiene in the right maxilla for 21 days to induce an experimental gingivitis. Clinical examination (baseline and day 21) included plaque index, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival crevicular fluid volume and high sensitive C-reactive protein levels (blood sample). Accompanying the intervention, volunteers documented with validated questionnaires their physical activity converted into metabolic equivalent (MET) and their nutrition converted into the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Significantly lower BOP (p = 0.039) was found for subjects with a more anti-inflammatory DII than for those with a more pro-inflammatory DII; higher MET values were correlated with lower BOP at day 21 (correlation coefficient -0.36). The results show an influence of nutrition and physical activity on periodontal inflammation signs. The DII may be a suitable parameter to verify the relationship between nutrition and inflammatory periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Staufenbiel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Knut Adam
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (A.H.); (F.K.)
| | - Felix Kerlikowsky
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany; (A.H.); (F.K.)
| | - Marco Flohr
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (K.A.); (M.F.); (N.S.); (K.V.)
- Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Nosworthy MG, Medina G, Lu ZH, House JD. Plant Proteins: Methods of Quality Assessment and the Human Health Benefits of Pulses. Foods 2023; 12:2816. [PMID: 37569085 PMCID: PMC10417564 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As countries increase their standard of living and individual income levels rise, there is a concomitant increase in the demand for animal-based protein. However, there are alternative sources. One of the alternatives available is that of increased direct human consumption of plant proteins. The quality of a dietary protein is an important consideration when discussing the merits of one protein source over another. The three most commonly used methods to express protein quality are the protein efficiency ratio (PER), a weight gain measurement; protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS); and the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS). The possibility that alterations in the quality and quantity of protein in the diet could generate specific health outcomes is one being actively researched. Plant-based proteins may have additional beneficial properties for human health when compared to animal protein sources, including reductions in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and contributions to increased satiety. In this paper, the methods for the determination of protein quality and the potential beneficial qualities of plant proteins to human health will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Nosworthy
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada;
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Gerardo Medina
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada;
| | - Zhan-Hui Lu
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada;
| | - James D. House
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
- Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, 196 Innovation Drive, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Shoja M, Borazjani F, Ahmadi Angali K, Hosseini SA, Hashemi SJ. The dietary patterns derived by reduced-rank regression in association with Framingham risk score and lower DASH score in Hoveyzeh cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11093. [PMID: 37422506 PMCID: PMC10329634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the subject of much research, but given the significance of this disease, studying the factors affecting it through different methodological considerations is of utmost importance. This study aimed to investigate the association between the four dietary patterns (DPs) derived from reduced-rank regression (RRR) and the risk of CVD predicted by the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in the Arab residence of Khuzestan, Iran. Furthermore, the predefined Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) would be used as a comparative model to assess the validity of the extracted DPs. In this cross-sectional study, 5799 individuals aged 35-70 without a CVD diagnosis were selected among the participants of the Hoveyzeh cohort study (HCS). The Risk of CVD was assessed using the FRS model. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire evaluated dietary intake. Four DPs were derived using RRR with 28 food groups as predictors and total protein (g/d), fiber(g/d), fat(g/d), and magnesium intake (mg/d) as response variables. Multinomial and binary logistic regression were used to assess the relationship of DPs with intermediate (10-20%) and high (> 20%) levels of FRS and lower DASH scores (< 4.5), respectively. Four primary DPs were derived, which explained 89.10 of the total explained variance in participants' dietary intake. Multinomial regression was applied between FRS (10-20%) and (> 20%) across quartiles of four identified DPs. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher tendency to 1st and 2nd DPs in Model 1, OR = 4.67 (95% CI 3.65; 6.01), OR = 1.42 (95% CI 1.13; 1.79) were presented accordingly. The 1st DP, characterized by higher intake of refined grains and lower intake of vegetables oil, sugar, mayonnaise and artificial juices, the 2nd DP characterized by higher intake of hydrogenated fat and lower consumption of tomato sauce and soft drink was associated with greater odds of CVD with the intermediate level of FRS. However, higher adherence to the 3rd DP, characterized by higher intake of fruits, vegetables and legumes and lower intake of fish, egg, red meat, processed meat, mayonnaise, sugar and artificial juices, the 4th DP characterized by higher intake of coffee, nuts and lower intake of sugar, mayonnaise and artificial juices was associated with a lower risk of FRS. Moreover, lower DASH score considered in binary logistic regression across quartiles of four identified dietary patterns. 1st and 2nd DPs were directly related to lower DASH scores, while 3rd and 4th DPs had high comparability with the DASH diet and inversely contributed to the lower DASH score. Total DASH score was significantly correlated to four derived DPs. Our findings confirm the current knowledge regarding the beneficial effects of healthy plant-based DPs and the avoidance of high-fat and processed foods to prevent CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Shoja
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center and clinical sciences research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Borazjani
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center and clinical sciences research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center and clinical sciences research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Syed RU, Moni SS, Break MKB, Khojali WMA, Jafar M, Alshammari MD, Abdelsalam K, Taymour S, Alreshidi KSM, Elhassan Taha MM, Mohan S. Broccoli: A Multi-Faceted Vegetable for Health: An In-Depth Review of Its Nutritional Attributes, Antimicrobial Abilities, and Anti-inflammatory Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1157. [PMID: 37508253 PMCID: PMC10376324 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. italica, has recently gained considerable attention due to its remarkable nutritional composition and numerous health benefits. In this review, the nutritional aspects of broccoli are examined, highlighting its rich nutrient content and essential bioactive compounds. The cruciferous vegetable broccoli is a rich source of several important nutrients, including fiber, vitamins (A, C, and K), minerals (calcium, potassium, and iron), and antioxidants. It has also been shown to contain bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, sulforaphane, and indole-3-carbinol, all of which have been shown to have significant health-promoting effects. These chemicals are known to have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. This review article aims to comprehensively examine the diverse spectrum of nutrients contained in broccoli and explore its medicinal potential to promote human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahamat Unissa Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Hail, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Khaled Bin Break
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Hail, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weam M A Khojali
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Hail, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Al Khartoum 14415, Sudan
| | - Mohammed Jafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maali D Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim Abdelsalam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Taymour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
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Kim JS, Lee EB, Choi JH, Jung J, Jeong UY, Bae UJ, Jang HH, Park SY, Cha YS, Lee SH. Antioxidant and Immune Stimulating Effects of Allium cepa Skin in the RAW 264.7 Cells and in the C57BL/6 Mouse Immunosuppressed by Cyclophosphamide. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040892. [PMID: 37107267 PMCID: PMC10135734 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Allium cepa L. (onion) has been reported to have various pharmacological effects, such as preventing heart disease, and improving antimicrobial activity and immunological effects. The Republic of Korea produced 1,195,563 tons of onions (2022). The flesh of onion is used as food while the onion skin (OS) is thrown away as an agro-food by-product and is considered to induce environmental pollution. Thus, we hypothesize that increasing usage of OS as functional food material could help protect from the environment pollution. The antioxidant effects and immune-enhancing effects of OS were evaluated as functional activities of OS. In this study, OS showed high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The antioxidant activities increased in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and XO inhibitory activity were 954.9 μg/mL, 28.0 μg/mL, and 10.7 μg/mL, respectively. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of OS in RAW 264.7 cells were higher than those of the media control. There was no cytotoxicity of OS found in RAW 264.7 cells. Nitric oxide and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) concentrations in RAW 264.7 cells significantly increased in a dose dependent manner. Immune-stimulating effects of OS were evaluated in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide. White blood cell count and the B cell proliferation of splenocytes were higher in OS100 (OS extract 100 mg/kg body weight) and OS200 (OS extract 200 mg/kg body weight) groups than in the negative control (NC) group. Serum IgG and cytokine (IL-1β and IFN-γ) levels were also higher in OS100 and OS200 groups than in the NC group. OS treatment increased NK cell activity compared with the NC group. The results suggested that OS can improve antioxidant and immune stimulating effects. The use of OS as functional supplement can reduce the agro-food by-product and it may contribute to carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Su Kim
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Byeol Lee
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Choi
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jung
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Yul Jeong
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ui-Jin Bae
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Hee Jang
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Fermented and Processed Food Science Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-Daero, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyen Lee
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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Vieira NM, Peghinelli VV, Monte MG, Costa NA, Pereira AG, Seki MM, Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, de Paiva SAR, Zornoff LAM, Minicucci MF. Beans comsumption can contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:73-80. [PMID: 36963901 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of global mortality, accounting for 31% of deaths worldwide. Healthy eating habits based on the consumption of bioactive molecules present in plant-based diets can contribute to the prevention of CVD. In this context, the consumption of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is relevant. There are several species of beans, all of which provide proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. More recently, the complexity of phytochemical components has expanded, including the role of antinutritional factors in nutrient bioavailability and immune responses. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that the consumption of beans results in less food consumption, control of body weight, and improvement of metabolic biochemical parameters. Thus, the consumption of beans is associated with a decrease in CVD risk factors. To date, there have been no interventional studies assessing CVD outcomes, such as hospitalization, infarction, and mortality, in the context of bean consumption. Furthermore, studies on the effect of bean consumption on metabolomics and intestinal microbiota are lacking. The purpose of this review is to explore the nutritional properties of beans and discuss the main effects of the consumption of beans on cardiovascular health. In conclusion, eating habits based on the consumption of bioactive molecules present in beans can contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, there is a large gap in the literature regarding the consumption of beans associated with clinical outcomes, such as hospitalization and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Maria Vieira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | | | - Marina Gaiato Monte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Nara Aline Costa
- Faculty of Nutrition, UFG - Univ Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Gomes Pereira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Mitsuo Seki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Atitsogbey P, Kyereh E, Ofori H, Johnson PNT, Steiner-Asiedu M. Heavy metal, microbial and pesticides residue contaminations are limiting the potential consumption of green leafy vegetables in Ghana: An overview. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15466. [PMID: 37151673 PMCID: PMC10161709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Green leafy vegetables (such as cocoyam (Colocasia spp) leaves, spinach (Spinach spp), amaranths (Amaranthus spp), roselle leaves (Hibiscus spp), and lettuce (Lactuca spp)) form a major part of Ghanaian meals providing essential vitamin such as A, B and C and minerals including iron and calcium as well as essential bioactive compounds. However, the practices involved in the production, distribution and handling of these nutrient rich vegetables, by most value chain actors in Ghana, unfortunately pre-dispose them to contamination with pathogens, heavy metals and pesticides residues. These have therefore raised public health concerns regarding the safety and quality of these green leafy vegetables. Understanding the current perspectives of the type of pathogens, heavy metals and pesticide contaminants that are found in leafy vegetables and their health impacts on consumers will go a long way in helping to identify appropriate mitigation measures that could be used to improve the practices involved and thereby help safeguard human health. This review examined reported cases of microbial, heavy metal and pesticides residue contamination of green leafy vegetables in Ghana from 2005 to 2022. Notable pathogenic microorganisms were Ascaris eggs and larvae, faecal coliform, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus Streptococci, Clostridium perfringes, and Escherichia coli. In addition, Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cr), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn) have been detected in green leafy vegetables over the years in most Ghanaian cities. Pesticides residues from organochlorine, organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid have also been reported. Overall, microbial, heavy metals and pesticide residue contamination of Ghanaian green leafy vegetables on the farms and markets were significant. Hence, mitigation measures to curb the contamination of these vegetables, through the food chain, is urgently required to safeguard public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patience Atitsogbey
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Box LG134, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Kyereh
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Food Research Institute, Box M.20, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Agro-processing Technology and Food Biosciences, CSIR-College of Science and Technology, Box M. 20, Accra, Ghana
- Corresponding author. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Food Research Institute, Box M.20, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Hayford Ofori
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Food Research Institute, Box M.20, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Agro-processing Technology and Food Biosciences, CSIR-College of Science and Technology, Box M. 20, Accra, Ghana
| | - Paa-Nii T. Johnson
- Department of Agro-processing Technology and Food Biosciences, CSIR-College of Science and Technology, Box M. 20, Accra, Ghana
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Beigrezaei S, Jambarsang S, Khayyatzadeh SS, Mirzaei M, Mehrparvar AH, Salehi-Abargouei A. A comparison of principal component analysis, partial least-squares, and reduced-rank regressions in the identification of dietary patterns associated with hypertension: YaHS-TAMYZ and Shahedieh cohort studies. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1076723. [PMID: 36712502 PMCID: PMC9879482 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1076723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited data exist on the advantage of data reduction hybrid methodologies for evaluating the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and chronic diseases and they have led to inconsistent results. This study aimed to investigate the association between DPs extracted using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-squares (PLS), and reduced-rank regressions (RRRs) in identifying DPs associated with hypertension (HTN) risk. The current study was conducted in the context of two cohort studies accomplished in Iran. DPs were generated using PCA, PLS, and RRR methods. Log-binomial logistic regression test was used to assess the association between DPs and the risk of HTN. From a total of 12,403 included participants aged 20-70 years, 507 incident cases of confirmed HTN were identified. The PCA-DP2 was associated with HTN in the fully adjusted model (T3 vs. T1: RR: 0.737, 95% CI: 0.57-0.93, P trend = 0.013). The PLS-DP2 and HTN risk were inversely associated in the multivariate model (T3 vs. T1: RR: 0.704, 95% CI: 0.54-0.91, P trend = 0.013). The RRR-DP2 was associated with an increased risk of HTN (T3 vs. T1: RR: 1.412, 95% CI: 1.11-1.80, P trend = 0.007). Our findings suggest that the RRR method reveals stronger results in association with HTN risk. However, further investigations are required to confirm the association between DPs derived by PLS and RRR methods by incorporating biomarkers related to HTN as the response variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Beigrezaei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sara Jambarsang
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Zhang Y, Li D, Zhang H. Associations of the Healthy Eating Index-2010 with risk of all-cause and heart disease mortality among adults with hypertension: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1077896. [PMID: 36937360 PMCID: PMC10020655 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1077896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies regarding the impact of the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) on the mortality of adults with hypertension are lacking. Objectives This study aimed to prospectively explore the relationships between HEI-2010 and mortality from heart disease and all causes in adults with hypertension based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2014. Methods This is a prospective cohort study including 6,690 adults with hypertension from NHANES (2007-2014). National Death Index data up to 31 December 2019 were used to determine the number of deaths due to heart disease and all other causes. We evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results A total of 1,259 deaths from all causes, including 338 due to heart disease, were documented over an average follow-up duration of 8.4 years. In comparison with the lowest quartile of HEI-2010 scores, multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality were 0.82 (0.70, 0.97), 0.78 (0.64, 0.95), and 0.68 (0.54, 0.85) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of the HEI-2010 scores (P-trend < 0.001) and for heart disease mortality were 0.60 (0.44, 0.81), 0.59 (0.40, 0.89), and 0.53 (0.35, 0.80) (P-trend = 0.010). Each increment in natural-log-transformed HEI-2010 scores was linked to a 43% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (P < 0.001) and a 55% reduction in the risk of heart disease mortality (P = 0.003). Among the 12 components of HEI-2010, adherence to a higher intake of greens and beans, vegetables, total protein foods, seafood and plant proteins, and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as moderate consumption of empty calories, were related to a 21-29% lower risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusion In the current study, there was a statistically significant inverse relationship between HEI-2010 and mortality from heart disease and all causes among adults with hypertension. Based on the findings, it may help guide the dietary intake for adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Anyang People's Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuhui Zhang
| | - Duanbin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haizhu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Anyang People's Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Anyang, China
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Nejabati HR, Roshangar L. Kaempferol as a potential neuroprotector in Alzheimer's disease. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14375. [PMID: 35929364 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, is largely associated with cognitive disability, amnesia, and abnormal behavior, which accounts for about two third of people with dementia worldwide. A growing body of research demonstrates that AD is connected to several factors, such as aberrant accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), increase in the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inordinate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite remarkable efforts to realize the etiology and pathophysiology of AD, until now, scientists have not developed and introduced medications that can permanently cease the progression of AD. Thus, nowadays, research on the role of natural products in the treatment and prevention of AD has attracted great attention. Kaempferol (KMP), one of the prominent members of flavonols, exerts its ameliorative actions via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, reducing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and regulating the cholinergic system. Therefore, in this review article, we outlined the possible effects of KMP in the prevention and treatment of AD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Kaempferol (KMP) exerts its ameliorative actions against AD via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, reducing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and regulating the cholinergic system. The beneficial effects of KMP were addressed in both in vitro and in vivo studies; however, conducting further research can warrant its long-term effects as a safe agent. Therefore, after confirming its favorable functions in the prevention and treatment of AD, it could be used as a safe and effective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tao H, Li L, He Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Hong G. Flavonoids in vegetables: improvement of dietary flavonoids by metabolic engineering to promote health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3220-3234. [PMID: 36218329 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2131726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are the most abundant polyphenols in plants, and have antioxidant effects as well as other bioactivities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-allergic, and neuroprotective effects). Vegetables are rich in flavonoids and are indispensable in our daily diet. Moreover, the vegetables as chassis for producing natural products would emerge as a promising means for cost-effective and sustainable production of flavonoids. Understanding the metabolic engineering of flavonoids in vegetables allows us to improve their nutrient composition. In this review, a comprehensive overview of flavonoids in vegetables, including the characterized types and distribution, health-promoting effects, associated metabolic pathways, and applied metabolic engineering are provided. We also introduce breakthroughs in multi-omics approaches that pertain to the elucidation of flavonoids metabolism in vegetables, as well as prospective and potential genome-editing technologies. Based on the varied composition and content of flavonoids among vegetables, dietary suggestions are further provided for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Tao
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linying Li
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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A Review of the Effect of Preparations from Vegetables of the Asteraceae Family and Cucurbitaceae Family on the Cardiovascular System and Its Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173601. [PMID: 36079856 PMCID: PMC9460361 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) system dysfunction can result in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a key cause of death around the world. For many people, the most common treatment choices are still based on various plants used in traditional and folk medicine. Interestingly, many of these plants demonstrate various biological activities and pro-health properties; as such, there has been growing scientific interest in their use as medicines, including treatments for CVDs. Due to their varied biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential, the members of the Asteraceae and Cucurbitaceae have long been used in traditional medicine. These properties are believed to derive from the chemical composition of the plants, which includes various flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenes. Although many of their pro-health properties have been well described, their effect on the cardiovascular system and CVDs remains unclear. The present work reviews the current literature about the effects of preparations of vegetables of the Asteraceae and Cucurbitaceae families on the cardiovascular system and CVDs. Various species from the two families demonstrate antioxidant and antiplatelet activities in vitro and in vivo, which play key roles in the prophylaxis and treatment of CVDs. Additionally, some species have been evaluated for their anticoagulant activity. This review also describes the biological properties of these vegetables and discusses their anti-hyperlipidemic action, and their potential for obesity prevention and body weight control.
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Kianmehr M, Mahdizadeh F, Khazdair MR. The effects of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) and its ingredients on dietary intakes in cardiovascular disease in Iranian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:890532. [PMID: 35990354 PMCID: PMC9386225 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.890532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common causes of mortality around the world. The aim of this study is to summarize and conclude the clinical evidence regarding the use of Crocus sativus (C. sativus) and its ingredients on cardiovascular risk factors. A systematic search was conducted with PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), and Scopus in the English language from 2015 until September 2021. A fixed-effect or random-effects model were applied to pool standard mean difference (SMD) and its 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Randomized controlled studies that assessed the clinical effects of C. sativus and its ingredients on dietary intake (Energy, Carbohydrate, Protein, and total Fat) in human subjects were included. Seven studies comprising 421 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pooling of results showed significant effect of saffron on total fat (−0.14; 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.20; I2 = 57.3%) and significant effect of crocin on Energy (0.94; 95% CI: −0.77 to 2.65; I2 = 95.9%), Carbohydrate (0.44; 95% CI: −0.74 to 1.62; I2 = 92.6%), and Protein (−0.04; 95% CI: −0.26 to 0.34; I2 = 0.0%). Present meta-analysis suggests that treatment with crocins is more effective than saffron in energy, carbohydrate, and protein, while saffron is more effective than crocins in fat. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fateme Mahdizadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Caponio GR, Lippolis T, Tutino V, Gigante I, De Nunzio V, Milella RA, Gasparro M, Notarnicola M. Nutraceuticals: Focus on Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Cancer, Antioxidant Properties in Gastrointestinal Tract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071274. [PMID: 35883765 PMCID: PMC9312044 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nutraceuticals have gained great popularity, owing to their physiological and potential health effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and prebiotic effects, and their regulation of lipid metabolism. Since the Mediterranean diet is a nutritionally recommended dietary pattern including high-level consumption of nutraceuticals, this review aimed to summarize the main results obtained by our in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of the major constituents of the Mediterranean diet (i.e., extra virgin olive oil compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fruit components). Based on experimental studies, the therapeutic purpose of nutraceuticals depends on their bioavailability, solubility, toxicity, and delivery system. This review provides more in-depth knowledge on the effects linked to nutraceuticals administration on human health, focusing the gastrointestinal tract and suggesting specific dietary components for personalized adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Rita Caponio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Tamara Lippolis
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Valeria Tutino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Isabella Gigante
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Valentina De Nunzio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Rosa Anna Milella
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Turi, 70010 Bari, Italy; (R.A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Marica Gasparro
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Turi, 70010 Bari, Italy; (R.A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (G.R.C.); (T.L.); (V.T.); (I.G.); (V.D.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-4994342
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Civilians Have Higher Adherence and More Improvements in Health With a Mediterranean Diet and Circuit Training Program Compared With Firefighters. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:488-494. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Beshel JA, Beshel FN, Nwangwa JN, Okon IA, Ejim CI, Owu DU. Cardioprotective Role of Theobroma cacao against Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Injury. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2022; 20:75-80. [PMID: 32940189 DOI: 10.2174/1871525718999200917114954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidants are beneficial in myocardial infarction (MI). It is suggestive that Theobroma cacao (TC) with rich antioxidant properties can be of health benefits in myocardial injury. AIM The study investigated the effect of Theobroma cacao on cardioprotection in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 6 rats were used for the study. In group 1, 0.9% normal saline placebo was administered via oral gavage to the control. Group 2 was the MI induced group that was given 100 mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. Group 3 was administered TC for 2 weeks at 100 mg/kg bodyweight via the oral route. Group 4 was pretreated with TC (100 mg/kg) via oral route for 2 weeks, immediately followed by the administration of 100 mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. The rats were sacrificed using chloroform anesthesia, and blood samples collected via cardiac puncture. The serum was analyzed for troponin level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. RESULTS The serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels were found to be significantly (p<0.01) increased in the MI group compared with the control. Pretreatment with TC before MI induction significantly (p<0.01) prevented increased serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels when compared with the MI group. There was also a significant (p<0.01) decrease in MDA in the TC group compared with the control. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Theobroma cacao protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury, possibly by preventing oxidative stress and consequent lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Atiang Beshel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka - Bushenyi District, Uganda
| | - Favour Nyoh Beshel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka - Bushenyi District, Uganda
| | - Justina Nwandimma Nwangwa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria
| | - Idara Asuquo Okon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria
| | - Clement Ikani Ejim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu - Nigeria
| | - Daniel Udofia Owu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka - Bushenyi District, Uganda
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Cámara M, Fernández-Ruiz V, Sánchez-Mata MC, Cámara RM, Domínguez L, Sesso HD. Scientific Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Tomato Products on Cardiovascular Disease and Platelet Aggregation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:849841. [PMID: 35369095 PMCID: PMC8965467 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels that includes numerous problems, many of which are related to the process called atherosclerosis. The present work is aimed to analyze the most relevant studies examining the potentially beneficial effects of tomato products on both CVD prevention and antiplatelet aggregation as well as an European Food Safety Authority health claims evaluation on tomato and tomato products. To date, only one health claim has been approved for a concentrated extract of tomato soluble in water (WSTC) marketed under the patented name of Fruitflow® with two forms of presentation: WSTC I and II, with the following claim “helping to maintain normal platelet aggregation, which contributes to healthy blood flow.” Other studies also demonstrate similar beneficial effects for fresh tomatoes, tomato products and tomato pomace extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montaña Cámara
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Montaña Cámara
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Cortes Sánchez-Mata
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Cámara
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Domínguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Correlation of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness with Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism, Parathyroid Hormone, Microinflammatory State, and Cardiovascular Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2786147. [PMID: 35313627 PMCID: PMC8934238 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2786147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The internal thickness of the carotid artery is the vertical distance between the intima of the carotid artery and the middle mold. Its normal thickness is less than 1 mm. It can be used to judge the degree of arteriosclerosis. Under normal circumstances, the change of the internal thickness of the carotid artery is caused by cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between the thickness of the carotid artery and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, microinflammatory state, and cardiovascular disease. This article uses ultrasound measurement to measure the IMT of ESRD patients and carotid arteries with normal renal function. The analysis includes blood pressure, blood phosphorus, blood calcium, blood creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood lipids, parathyroid hormone, and C reaction. The correlation between clinical indicators includes protein and carotid IMT in ESRD patients which can be used in designing a diagnostic plan for patients through correlation research. The results showed that the carotid artery IMT of ESRD nondialysis patients was 13% thicker than that of those with normal renal function, and it was significantly positively correlated with age, blood pressure, blood phosphorus, glycosylated hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein. The correlation ratio with calcium and phosphorus was about 0.1.
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Feng Q, Kim JH, Omiyale W, Bešević J, Conroy M, May M, Yang Z, Wong SYS, Tsoi KKF, Allen N, Lacey B. Raw and Cooked Vegetable Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Study of 400,000 Adults in UK Biobank. Front Nutr 2022; 9:831470. [PMID: 35265657 PMCID: PMC8901125 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.831470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Higher levels of vegetable consumption have been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the independent effect of raw and cooked vegetable consumption remains unclear. Methods From the UK Biobank cohort, 399,586 participants without prior CVD were included in the analysis. Raw and cooked vegetable intakes were measured with a validated dietary questionnaire at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate the associations between vegetable intake and CVD incidence and mortality, adjusted for socioeconomic status, health status, and lifestyle factors. The potential effect of residual confounding was assessed by calculating the percentage reduction in the likelihood ratio (LR) statistics after adjustment for the confounders. Results The mean age was 56 years and 55% were women. Mean intakes of raw and cooked vegetables were 2.3 and 2.8 tablespoons/day, respectively. During 12 years of follow-up, 18,052 major CVD events and 4,406 CVD deaths occurred. Raw vegetable intake was inversely associated with both CVD incidence (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) [95% CI] for the highest vs. lowest intake: 0.89 [0.83–0.95]) and CVD mortality (0.85 [0.74–0.97]), while cooked vegetable intake was not (1.00 [0.91–1.09] and 0.96 [0.80–1.13], respectively). Adjustment for potential confounders reduced the LR statistics for the associations of raw vegetables with CVD incidence and mortality by 82 and 87%, respectively. Conclusions Higher intakes of raw, but not cooked, vegetables were associated with lower CVD risk. Residual confounding is likely to account for much, if not all, of the observed associations. This study suggests the need to reappraise the evidence on the burden of CVD disease attributable to low vegetable intake in the high-income populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Feng
| | - Jean H. Kim
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wemimo Omiyale
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jelena Bešević
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Conroy
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret May
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zuyao Yang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samuel Yeung-shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kelvin Kam-fai Tsoi
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- SH Big Data Decision Analytics Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Naomi Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Lacey
- Nuffield Department of Population Health (NDPH), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Du W, Fan HM, Zhang YX, Jiang XH, Li Y. Effect of Flavonoids in Hawthorn and Vitamin C Prevents Hypertension in Rats Induced by Heat Exposure. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030866. [PMID: 35164138 PMCID: PMC8840451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Excessive oxidative stress is associated with hypertension in professional high-temperature working conditions. Polyphenols exhibit a cardioprotective effect. Hawthorn contains high amounts of flavonoids, though its effect on hypertension protection has yet to be studied. This study aims to investigate this effect of extract of hawthorn (EH) or its combination with vitamin C (Vit. C) in rats induced by working under a hot environment. Methods: Forty-two male rats were randomly divided into a control group under normal temperature and six treatment groups exposed at 33 ± 1 °C along with 1 h of daily treadmill running. They were orally provided with water, Vit. C (14mg/kg), EH (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg), and EH500 + Vit. C, once a day for four weeks. Results: Both EH and Vit. C alone reduced the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rats exposed to the heat environment; however, their joint supplementation completely maintained their blood pressure to the normal level throughout the experimental period. No morphological changes were found on the intima of aorta. Moreover, the co-supplementation of EH and Vit. C prevented the changes of heat exposure in inducing oxidative stress markers, such as glutathione peroxidase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and nitric oxide; the synergistic action was more effective than either individual treatment of EH and Vit. C. Furthermore, the administration of EH had more potent effects on increasing superoxide dismutase, IL-2, the 70 kilodalton heat shock proteins and high sensitivity C reactive protein, and decreasing serum malondialdehyde and lipofuscin in vascular tissue than those in Vit. C group. Conclusions: A strong synergistic effect of EH and Vit. C on the prevention of hypertension under heat exposure was established, as they inhibited the oxidative stress state. This study also sets up a novel intervention strategy in animal models for investigation on the early phases of hypertension induced by heat exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (W.D.); (H.-M.F.)
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases Basic Research Group, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Hong-Min Fan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (W.D.); (H.-M.F.)
| | - Yu-Xin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (Y.-X.Z.); (X.-H.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (Y.-X.Z.); (X.-H.J.)
- Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China; (W.D.); (H.-M.F.)
- Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases Basic Research Group, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan 063210, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0315-8805-586
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Sheida A, Taghavi T, Shafabakhsh R, Ostadian A, Razaghi Bahabadi Z, Khaksary Mahabady M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Potential of natural products in the treatment of myocardial infarction: focus on molecular mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5488-5505. [PMID: 34978223 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2020720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although conventional drugs are widely used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), they are being used less frequently due to concerns about possible side effects over the long term. There has been a renewed research interest in medicinal plant products, and their role in protecting the cardiovascular system and treating CVD, which are now being considered as potential alternatives to modern drugs. The most important mechanism causing damage to the myocardium after heart attack and reperfusion, is increased levels of free radicals and oxidative stress. Therefore, treatment approaches often focus on reducing free radicals or enhancing antioxidant defense mechanism. It has been previously reported that bioactive natural products can protect the heart muscle in myocardial infarction (MI). Since these compounds are readily available in fruits and vegetables, they could prevent the risk of MI if they are consumed daily. Although the benefits of a healthy diet are well known, many scientific studies have focused on whether pure natural compounds can prevent and treat MI. In this review we summarize the effects of curcumin, resveratrol, quercitin, berberine, and tanshinone on MI and CVD, and focus on their proposed molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zahra Razaghi Bahabadi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Russell C, Keshavamurthy S, Saha S. Nutraceuticals in the Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Where is the Evidence? Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:150-161. [PMID: 34852755 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x21666211201104124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease continues to rise at an alarming rate, and research focuses on possible therapies to reduce the risk and slow down its progression. Several epidemiological studies have indicated that dietary modifications, such as increased consumption of fruits and vegetables play an important role in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors. Food sources rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties are thought to ameliorate the progression of cardiovascular disease and serve as a potential treatment mode. Many in vivo and in vitro studies using turmeric, cinnamon, mango, blueberries, red wine, chocolate, and extra virgin olive oil have demonstrated significant improvements in cholesterol profiles, toxic reactive oxygen species, inflammation, obesity, and hypertension. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on the cardioprotective effect of different food groups, outline their potential mechanisms involved in slowing down the progression of cardiovascular disease, and highlight the beneficial effects associated with increased consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Russell
- The American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine. 0
| | | | - Sibu Saha
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Surgery Professor of Surgery and Bioengineering. 0
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Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: From Childhood to Adulthood. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114176. [PMID: 34836431 PMCID: PMC8624977 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a major epidemic in the 21st century. It increases the risk of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, which are known cardiometabolic risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome. Although overt cardiovascular (CV) diseases such as stroke or myocardial infarction are the domain of adulthood, it is evident that the CV continuum begins very early in life. Recognition of risk factors and early stages of CV damage, at a time when these processes are still reversible, and the development of prevention strategies are major pillars in reducing CV morbidity and mortality in the general population. In this review, we will discuss the role of well-known but also novel risk factors linking obesity and increased CV risk from prenatal age to adulthood, including the role of perinatal factors, diet, nutrigenomics, and nutri-epigenetics, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The importance of 'tracking' of these risk factors on adult CV health is highlighted and the economic impact of childhood obesity as well as preventive strategies are discussed.
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Mobile 5P-Medicine Approach for Cardiovascular Patients. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21216986. [PMID: 34770292 PMCID: PMC8587644 DOI: 10.3390/s21216986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Medicine is heading towards personalized care based on individual situations and conditions. With smartphones and increasingly miniaturized wearable devices, the sensors available on these devices can perform long-term continuous monitoring of several user health-related parameters, making them a powerful tool for a new medicine approach for these patients. Our proposed system, described in this article, aims to develop innovative solutions based on artificial intelligence techniques to empower patients with cardiovascular disease. These solutions will realize a novel 5P (Predictive, Preventive, Participatory, Personalized, and Precision) medicine approach by providing patients with personalized plans for treatment and increasing their ability for self-monitoring. Such capabilities will be derived by learning algorithms from physiological data and behavioral information, collected using wearables and smart devices worn by patients with health conditions. Further, developing an innovative system of smart algorithms will also focus on providing monitoring techniques, predicting extreme events, generating alarms with varying health parameters, and offering opportunities to maintain active engagement of patients in the healthcare process by promoting the adoption of healthy behaviors and well-being outcomes. The multiple features of this future system will increase the quality of life for cardiovascular diseases patients and provide seamless contact with a healthcare professional.
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