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Uriot O, Deschamps C, Scanzi J, Brun M, Kerckhove N, Dualé C, Fournier E, Durif C, Denis S, Dapoigny M, Langella P, Alric M, Etienne-Mesmin L, Stéphanie BD. Gut microbial dysbiosis associated to diarrheic irritable bowel syndrome can be efficiently simulated in the Mucosal ARtificial COLon (M-ARCOL). Bioengineered 2025; 16:2458362. [PMID: 39902883 PMCID: PMC11796540 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2025.2458362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 02/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder, with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) as the most frequent subtype. The implication of gut microbiota in the disease's etiology is not fully understood. In vitro gut systems can offer a great alternative to in vivo assays in preclinical studies, but no model reproducing IBS-related dysbiotic microbiota has been developed. Thanks to a large literature review, a new Mucosal ARtifical COLon (M-ARCOL) adapted to IBS-D physicochemical and nutritional conditions was set-up. To validate the model and further exploit its potential in a mechanistic study, in vitro fermentations were performed using bioreactors inoculated with stools from healthy individuals (n = 4) or IBS-D patients (n = 4), when the M-ARCOL was set-up under healthy or IBS-D conditions. Setting IBS-D parameters in M-ARCOL inoculated with IBS-D stools maintained the key microbial features associated to the disease in vivo, validating the new system. In particular, compared to the healthy control, the IBS-D model was characterized by a decreased bacterial diversity, together with a lower abundance of Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae, but a higher level of Proteobacteria and Akkermansiaceae. Of interest, applying IBS-D parameters to healthy stools was not sufficient to trigger IBS-D dysbiosis and applying healthy parameters to IBS-D stools was not enough to restore microbial balance. This validated IBS-D colonic model can be used as a robust in vitro platform for studies focusing on gut microbes in the absence of the host, as well as for testing food and microbiota-related interventions aimed at personalized restoration of gut microbiota eubiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Uriot
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Charlotte Deschamps
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Julien Scanzi
- UMR INSERM 1107 NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier de Thiers, Thiers, Puy-de-Dôme, France
| | - Morgane Brun
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Nicolas Kerckhove
- UMR INSERM 1107 NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
- Service de Pharmacologie médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Christian Dualé
- CIC INSERM 1405, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Elora Fournier
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Claude Durif
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Michel Dapoigny
- UMR INSERM 1107 NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, Yvelines,France
| | - Monique Alric
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
| | - Blanquet-Diot Stéphanie
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, Université Clermont Auvergne – INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme,France
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Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Bediwy AS, El-Sawaf Y, Elbatarny A, Elbeltagi R. Exploring the gut-exercise link: A systematic review of gastrointestinal disorders in physical activity. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31:106835. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i22.106835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2025] [Revised: 04/27/2025] [Accepted: 05/27/2025] [Indexed: 06/12/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between exercise and gastrointestinal (GI) health is complex and bidirectional. While moderate exercise generally promotes gut health by enhancing motility, reducing inflammation, and supporting microbial balance, intense or prolonged physical activity may exacerbate GI symptoms, particularly in individuals with pre-existing digestive disorders. A deeper understanding of this interplay is essential for optimizing both exercise performance and GI well-being.
AIM To synthesize current evidence on exercise-related GI disorders, exploring the prevalence, mechanisms, risk factors, and management strategies associated with exercise-induced GI symptoms.
METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, comprehensive searches of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were conducted. Studies were included if they focused on exercise-induced GI disorders, encompassed randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional designs, and addressed symptoms across various exercise modalities. Data were extracted and analyzed to identify patterns and implications for clinical and athletic practice.
RESULTS A total of 231 studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting both the benefits and risks of exercise on GI health. Regular moderate-intensity exercise, including activities such as walking, cycling, and yoga has been associated with improved GI function in conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and constipation. These benefits are attributed to enhanced intestinal motility, reduced systemic inflammation, and improved gut barrier integrity. Additionally, exercise plays a role in regulating the gut-brain axis, with practices like yoga and Tai Chi demonstrating particular effectiveness in alleviating functional GI disorders. Conversely, high-intensity or prolonged exercise may contribute to symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain due to mechanisms like splanchnic hypoperfusion and increased intestinal permeability. Individual factors, including fitness level, dietary habits, hydration status, and underlying GI conditions, significantly influence the body’s response to exercise.
CONCLUSION Moderate-intensity exercise is a beneficial and well-tolerated intervention for promoting GI health, whereas high-intensity activities require careful monitoring, particularly in individuals with pre-existing GI disorders. Personalized exercise and dietary strategies are essential for balancing the benefits of physical activity with the risk of GI distress. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of exercise on gut microbiota composition and overall digestive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Al Gharbia, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Governmental Hospitals, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Al Gharbia, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Yasser El-Sawaf
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Al Gharbia, Egypt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Akram Elbatarny
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Al Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Reem Elbeltagi
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Muharraq, Bahrain
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Wu FQ, Jin ZK. Evaluation of clinical efficacy of Oryz-aspergillus enzyme and pancreatin tablets combined with Mosapride tablets in treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in adults based on the brain-gut axis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2025; 33:381-388. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v33.i5.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2025] [Revised: 03/30/2025] [Accepted: 05/08/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Qing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe-Kang Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
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Shi F, Yang D, Sun Q, Fang C. Association of the newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota and hyperlipidemia: From the 2007-2020 NHANES study. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0323887. [PMID: 40388474 PMCID: PMC12088052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/21/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and hyperlipidemia (HL). The DI-GM, a novel index for assessing gut microbiota diversity, has not yet been thoroughly examined in relation to HL. METHODS This research involved a cohort of 13,529 individuals enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2020. We applied restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and weighted multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between DI-GM and HL, supplemented by subgroup analyses to reinforce these findings. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, subjects with high intake of DI-GM were determined to have a significant reduced risk for developing HL, with a 5% reduced risk for HL for each one standard deviation increased in DI-GM (P = 0.01). In contrast with the group with a DI-GM < 3, HL in the group with a DI-GM > 6 was 40% reduced (P < 0.001). RCS analysis showed a negative linear dose-response relation between DI-GM and development of HL. Subgroup analysis showed an interaction between age-stratification and DI-GM (P = 0.01), but not with gender, racial, BMI, diabetes, and hypertension groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study results show a significant negative linear correlation between DI-GM and HL. However, further research is needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fachao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Maanshan People’s Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, China
| | - Da Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Maanshan People’s Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, China
| | - Quanquan Sun
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Caoyang Fang
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Jeon SH, Kim M, Choi S, Son S, Choi JS, Sul JU, Moon YH, You Y, Nguyen CD, Kim S, Na C. Study protocol for a prospective, investigator-initiated clinical trial on the vascular effects of acupuncture in the abdomen and lower limbs for patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Int J Colorectal Dis 2025; 40:103. [PMID: 40274656 PMCID: PMC12021713 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-025-04868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physicians classify irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea symptoms under the label IBS-D which represents a gastrointestinal disorder that meets specific functional diagnostic criteria. Studies show acupuncture helps manage IBS-D symptoms though researchers do not understand if specific treatment points in the abdomen provide better outcomes than standard acupuncture points in the lower body regions. The study investigates the effects acupuncture treatments using local and systemic needling techniques have on IBS-D symptom expression and gut microbial diversity features. METHODS The study employs a randomized controlled single-blinded exploratory clinical trial design which includes 36 participants diagnosed with IBS-D via Rome IV criteria. Participants are randomly allocated to one of three groups: abdominal acupuncture, lower limb acupuncture, or standard treatment. Participants who receive acupuncture treatment receive eight sessions which are distributed throughout 4 weeks as clinicians activate specific points connected to gastrointestinal function. Lifestyle education and approved medications with symptom management make up the standard treatment provided to participants. The main outcome measures assess IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) score changes from baseline at Week 5. Additional evaluation measures in this study comprise stool consistency examination alongside patient global assessments and cold-heat surveys along with EQ-5D-5L quality of life assessment and gut microbiota examination as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Research has been designed to evaluate how abdominal and lower limb acupuncture techniques compare in symptom relief and microbiota adaptation outcomes. The preliminary data is expected to reveal distinct patterns between local and wide-reaching effects which suggests that IBS-D treatment should be tailored on a personal basis. CONCLUSION The comparison of abdominal and lower limb acupuncture treatment efficacy adds to our understanding of acupuncture therapy benefit for IBS-D. The results will help guide clinical practice and support the creation of tailored acupuncture treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Hee Jeon
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Choi
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Soeun Son
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Choi
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Uk Sul
- Dongshin University Gwangju Korean Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Moon
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanghee You
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cong Duc Nguyen
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonjong Kim
- Dongshin University Mokpo Korean Hospital, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Na
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Republic of Korea.
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Deng FS, Lin MH, Huang CL, Wu CC, Lu CL, Tsai YC. Effects of Lactococcus cremoris PS133 in 5-Hydroxytryptophan-Induced Irritable Bowel Syndrome Model Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2464. [PMID: 40141108 PMCID: PMC11942017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26062464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2025] [Revised: 03/07/2025] [Accepted: 03/08/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder marked by abdominal pain and irregular bowel habits. Recently, more and more evidence supports gut microbiota imbalance in IBS and highlights the potential of probiotics in restoring gut health and reducing symptoms. In this study, we explored the effects of Lactococcus cremoris PS133 (PS133) on an IBS-like condition in rats triggered by 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a serotonin precursor. Eight-week-old Sprague Dawley rats received either PS133 or saline for 14 days, followed by 5-HTP to induce IBS-like symptoms. Colorectal distension tests showed that PS133 reduced visceral hypersensitivity. PS133 also protected intestinal mucin against 5-HTP-induced degradation, as seen in alcian blue staining, and increased the levels of tight junction proteins (occludin and zonula occludens-1) in the colon, indicating improved gut barrier integrity. Additionally, PS133 normalized the levels of substance P (a neuropeptide) in the spinal cord and altered 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (a serotonin metabolite) in the brain. Gut microbiota analysis revealed PS133 regulated specific bacterial groups, including [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group and Lactococcus. Overall, PS133 improved gut function, reduced IBS-like symptoms, and modulated gut microbiota, neurotransmitters, and intestinal barrier health in this IBS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Deng
- Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., Taipei 115011, Taiwan; (F.-S.D.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Miao-Hui Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Lin Huang
- Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., Taipei 115011, Taiwan; (F.-S.D.); (C.-L.H.)
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Wu
- Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., Taipei 115011, Taiwan; (F.-S.D.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Ching-Liang Lu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Endoscopy Center of Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
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Fan H, Zhan Y, Cheng X, Tan M, Li Y, Xiong Y, Li Q, Liu W. Lacidophilin tablets relieve irritable bowel syndrome in rats by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation. Sci Rep 2025; 15:8151. [PMID: 40059226 PMCID: PMC11891319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-91883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common clinical functional gastrointestinal disease. It has a complex pathophysiological mechanism, in which the imbalance of gut microbiota might play an important role. Lacidophilin tablets (LH) can regulate gut microbiota, but their effect on IBS is unknown. In this study, the IBS model was established by acetic acid enema combined with the constrained stress method, and rats were fed LH for 2 weeks. LH significantly reduced visceral sensitivity and intestinal propulsion rate and improved IBS-induced anxiety and depressive behavior in IBS rats. LH elevated the expression levels of mucin 2, claudin1, and occludin, and ameliorated IBS-induced structural damage to colonic tissues. The gut microbiota analysis revealed that LH altered the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in IBS rats. In addition, LH reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factor-related genes. These results suggest that LH could significantly improve the visceral sensitivity and intestinal motility disorders of IBS rats, relieve anxiety and depression levels, and alleviate the symptoms of IBS rats by regulating gut microbiota and reducing intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqun Fan
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mintao Tan
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yingmeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanxia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China.
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for the Modernization of Classical and Famous Prescriptions of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, China.
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330103, Jiangxi, China.
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Kaczka A, Błońska A, Chojnacki C, Gąsiorowska A, Błasiak J, Popławski T, Chojnacki J. Periodic Changes in the Gut Microbiome in Women with the Mixed Type of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Biomedicines 2025; 13:652. [PMID: 40149628 PMCID: PMC11940809 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Revised: 03/03/2025] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: The mixed type of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M) is characterized by recurrent constipation and diarrhea. The cause of the variability of these symptoms is not sufficiently understood. The aim of this study was to perform metagenomic and metabolic assessment of the gut microbiome in constipation and diarrheal period of IBS-M. Methods: This study included 30 women, aged 28-47 years old, with the symptoms which aligned with those of IBS-M, according to the Rome IV Criteria. Results: In both periods of the disease, the dysbiosis index (DI), the Shannon diversity index (SDI), the hydrogen-methane and ammonia breath tests, as well as the selected bacterial metabolites (-p-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (HPA), 3-indoxyl sulfate (Indican, 3-IS)), and hippuric acid (A) in urine, were determined. The dysbiosis index (DI) in the period of constipation was 3.73 ± 0.90 points, and in the diarrheal period it did not change significantly 3.93 ± 0.75 points (p > 0.05). During the diarrheal period, the diversity of bacteria increases from 2.16 ± 0.59 to 2.74 ± 0.50 points on the Shannon dietary index (p < 0.001). The gut microbiome profile also changed, especially during the diarrheal period where an abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. decreased significantly. In addition, during this period, the levels of hydrogen and ammonia in breath air increased, while the methane level decreased. The differences also concern the results of urinary metabolites, especially related to hippuric acid and indican. During the diarrheal period, the levels of hydrogen and ammonia ions increased, while the methane level decreased. The differences also concern the results of urinary metabolites, especially related to hippuric acid and indican. Conclusions: In patients with IBS-M, periodic changes in the profile and metabolism of the gut microbiome occur, which coexist with recurrent symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kaczka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Błońska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Anita Gąsiorowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Błasiak
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 09-402 Plock, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Popławski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (A.K.); (A.B.); (C.C.)
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Gao Y, Borjihan Q, Zhang W, Li L, Wang D, Bai L, Zhu S, Chen Y. Complex Probiotics Ameliorate Fecal Microbiota Transplantation-Induced IBS in Mice via Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Modulation. Nutrients 2025; 17:801. [PMID: 40077671 PMCID: PMC11902000 DOI: 10.3390/nu17050801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder. Emerging evidence implicates gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBS pathogenesis, and probiotic interventions targeting microbial modulation hold therapeutic promise. Methods: this study used fecal microbiota transplantation to establish a mouse model of IBS before evaluating the effects of the complex probiotic by using metagenomics and targeted metabolomics to explore the potential mechanism. Results: After 14 days, the probiotic relieved constipation, reduced inflammation and intestinal permeability, lowered 5-HT levels and increased serotonin transporter (SERT) expression in tissues. Metagenomic analysis showed a reduced inflammation-related species abundance. It also decreased fecal butyric acid, acetic acid and tryptophan levels in IBS mice. Conclusions: The probiotic complex effectively alleviated IBS symptoms in mice by modulating gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, providing insights for future IBS research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Qinggele Borjihan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Science, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245041, China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Lu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shiming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yongfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (Y.G.); (Q.B.); (L.L.); (D.W.); (L.B.); (S.Z.)
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10
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Sun H, Qi L, Ming Y, Wang W, Hu M. Life's Simple 7 and its impact on chronic bowel disorders: a study on constipation and diarrhea in the U.S. adult population. Front Med (Lausanne) 2025; 12:1516210. [PMID: 40012973 PMCID: PMC11862994 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1516210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic gastrointestinal disorders, such as chronic constipation and diarrhea, pose significant public health challenges, affecting quality of life and healthcare costs. Life's Simple 7 (LS7), established by the American Heart Association, encompasses essential health behaviors that may influence bowel health. Methods We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2010, focusing on adults aged 20 years and older. A total of 12,912 participants were included in the analysis. Bowel health was assessed through self-reported questionnaires, while LS7 was evaluated based on seven components: smoking status, physical activity, dietary quality, BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood cholesterol. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between LS7 and chronic constipation and diarrhea, adjusting for various demographic and health-related covariates. Results Our findings revealed a significant inverse association between LS7 adherence and the prevalence of chronic constipation (OR: 0.914, 95% CI: 0.864-0.966, p = 0.003) and chronic diarrhea (OR: 0.883, 95% CI: 0.856-0.912, p < 0.0001). The protective effect of LS7 was more pronounced among males and individuals with a BMI under 30 kg/m2 for chronic constipation, and among younger adults and those without hypertension for chronic diarrhea. Restricted cubic spline analyses indicated a dose-response relationship, particularly for chronic diarrhea. Conclusion This study highlights the protective role of LS7 in promoting bowel health and preventing chronic constipation and diarrhea. Tailoring public health interventions based on demographic and health characteristics may enhance the effectiveness of strategies aimed at improving gastrointestinal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Sun
- The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Qi
- The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yiwei Ming
- The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weichen Wang
- The Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Maoneng Hu
- The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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11
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Paul JK, Azmal M, Haque ANMSNB, Meem M, Talukder OF, Ghosh A. Unlocking the secrets of the human gut microbiota: Comprehensive review on its role in different diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31:99913. [PMID: 39926224 PMCID: PMC11718612 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i5.99913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota, a complex and diverse community of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health by influencing various physiological processes, including digestion, immune function, and disease susceptibility. The balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria is essential for health, with dysbiosis - disruption of this balance - linked to numerous conditions such as metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. This review highlights key genera such as Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia coli, Akkermansia muciniphila, Firmicutes (including Clostridium and Lactobacillus), and Roseburia due to their well-established roles in immune regulation and metabolic processes, but other bacteria, including Clostridioides difficile, Salmonella, Helicobacter pylori, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are also implicated in dysbiosis and various diseases. Pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis, contribute to inflammation and cancer progression by disrupting immune responses and damaging tissues. The potential for microbiota-based therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions, to improve health outcomes is examined. Future research directions in the integration of multi-omics, the impact of diet and lifestyle on microbiota composition, and advancing microbiota engineering techniques are also discussed. Understanding the gut microbiota's role in health and disease is essential for formulating personalized, efficacious treatments and preventive strategies, thereby enhancing health outcomes and progressing microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibon Kumar Paul
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mahir Azmal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - ANM Shah Newaz Been Haque
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Meghla Meem
- Faculty of Medicine, Dhaka University, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Omar Faruk Talukder
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Ajit Ghosh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
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12
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Yin L, Li J, Tai X, Zhang G, Luan M, Zhong B, Li F. Mechanisms of combined deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics supplementation for regulating obesity in mice. Food Nutr Res 2025; 69:11634. [PMID: 39974837 PMCID: PMC11836782 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v69.11634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2024] [Revised: 12/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the mechanisms related to lipid metabolism regulation after combined supplementation with deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics. Methods Thirty-two male mice were divided into high-fat diet, HD + deer antler polysaccharides, HD + Bacillus coagulans postbiotics, and HD + deer antler polysaccharides + B. coagulans postbiotics groups. The diets contained 60% fat. After 9 weeks, the effects of deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics on lipid metabolism were assessed through blood biochemical, histological tissue staining, and polymerase chain reaction analyses. Results Supplementation with deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics significantly inhibited weight gain in obese mice, reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels and markedly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein level. Additionally, hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy improved. The expressions of the lipid synthesis genes, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (i.e. SREBP-1c), and fatty acid synthase (i.e. FAS), significantly decreased, while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (i.e. PPAR-α) and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (i.e. ACOX1) expression significantly increased. The expressions of the inflammation-related genes, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (i.e. TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1 also significantly decreased. Conclusion Thus, combined deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotic supplementation regulated obesity in mice, potentially by modulating lipid synthesis and inflammation-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyue Yin
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiating Li
- School of Public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xueyue Tai
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingran Luan
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Bao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
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13
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Mafe AN, Iruoghene Edo G, Akpoghelie PO, Gaaz TS, Yousif E, Zainulabdeen K, Isoje EF, Igbuku UA, Opiti RA, Garba Y, Essaghah AEA, Ahmed DS, Umar H. Probiotics and Food Bioactives: Unraveling Their Impact on Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and Metabolic Health. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2025:10.1007/s12602-025-10452-2. [PMID: 39808399 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-025-10452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
This review paper delves into the role of probiotics and food bioactives in influencing gut health and overall well-being, within the context of probiotics and food bioactives, emphasizing their roles in modulating inflammation, gut microbiota, and metabolic health. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host, primarily through their impact on the gut microbiome; a complex community of microorganisms crucial for maintaining health. The review aims to elucidate how probiotics, incorporated into both traditional and modern food systems, can enhance gut health and address metabolic disorders. It examines the types of probiotics present in various foods and their mechanisms of action, including their effects on immune function and metabolic health. By exploring the links between probiotics and health outcomes such as digestive health, immune support, and mental health, the review identifies specific conditions where probiotics show significant promise. Hurldes such as inconsistencies in research findings, variability in probiotic strains, and dosages are addressed. The paper also suggests future research directions, including the potential for personalized probiotic interventions. The review concludes by summarizing key findings and emphasizing the critical role of probiotics in food systems for promoting overall health and mitigating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Njolke Mafe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taraba State University Jalingo, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Great Iruoghene Edo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Patrick Othuke Akpoghelie
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Tayser Sumer Gaaz
- Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics Engineering, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Khalid Zainulabdeen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Endurance Fegor Isoje
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Biochemistry Option), Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria
| | - Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria
| | - Rapheal Ajiri Opiti
- Department of Petroleum Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria
| | - Yasal Garba
- Department of Information Engineering, College of Information Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria
| | - Dina S Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Industries, Institute of Technology-Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Huzaifa Umar
- Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
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14
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Almonajjed MB, Wardeh M, Atlagh A, Ismaiel A, Popa SL, Rusu F, Dumitrascu DL. Impact of Microbiota on Irritable Bowel Syndrome Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2025; 61:109. [PMID: 39859091 PMCID: PMC11766696 DOI: 10.3390/medicina61010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, affecting 3-5% of the global population and significantly impacting patients' quality of life and healthcare resources. Alongside physical symptoms such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, many individuals experience psychological comorbidities, including anxiety and depression. Recent research has highlighted the critical role of the gut microbiota in IBS, with dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in microbial diversity, frequently observed in patients. The gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication network between the gut and central nervous system, plays a central role in the development of IBS symptoms. Although interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have demonstrated potential in modulating the gut microbiota and alleviating symptoms, their efficacy remains an area of ongoing investigation. This review examines the interactions between the gut microbiota, immune system, and brain, emphasizing the need for personalized therapeutic strategies. Future research should aim to identify reliable microbiota-based biomarkers for IBS and refine microbiome-targeted therapies to enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhd Bashir Almonajjed
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.B.A.); (M.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Mahdi Wardeh
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.B.A.); (M.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdallah Atlagh
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.B.A.); (M.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.-L.P.); (F.R.); (D.L.D.)
| | - Stefan-Lucian Popa
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.-L.P.); (F.R.); (D.L.D.)
| | - Flaviu Rusu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.-L.P.); (F.R.); (D.L.D.)
| | - Dan L. Dumitrascu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.-L.P.); (F.R.); (D.L.D.)
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15
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Bianco A, Russo F, Prospero L, Riezzo G, Franco I, D'Attoma B, Ignazzi A, Verrelli N, Bagnato CB, Goscilo F, Mallardi D, Linsalata M, Bonfiglio C, Pesole PL, Ferro A. Beyond Nutritional Treatment: Effects of Fitwalking on Physical Capacity and Intestinal Barrier Integrity in BMI-Stratified IBS Patients. Nutrients 2024; 16:4181. [PMID: 39683574 DOI: 10.3390/nu16234181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/30/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and obesity are associated with intestinal barrier alterations that result in low-grade inflammation. Zonulin and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) assess gut barrier health, while urinary indican concentrations reflect dysbiosis in the small intestine. Physical activity, such as Fitwalking, aids weight management and improves intestinal permeability. This study assesses the impact of a 12-week Fitwalking program on intestinal barrier health in IBS patients categorized by body mass index (BMI). Methods: Fifty-seven mild IBS patients were categorized as obese (OB = 18), overweight (OW = 24), or normal weight (NW = 15) and assigned to a walking group. Participants walked thrice weekly at moderate intensity for 60 min per session, using the specific Fitwalking technique, supervised by staff. Results: No significant changes in biochemical or anthropometric variables were observed. However, Fitwalking improved the Global Physical Capacity Score (GPCS) by 46%, 48%, and 24% in the NW, OW, and OB groups. Post-intervention, serum zonulin levels notably decreased in OB individuals, suggesting reduced inflammation. OW patients unexpectedly showed increased fecal zonulin levels. OB participants experienced decreased urinary indican levels. Zonulin levels positively correlated with BMI and inversely with GPCS. Conclusions: Regular exercise benefits the intestinal barrier, especially in obese IBS patients. Monitoring zonulin and I-FABP may offer insights into gut barrier integrity and GI injury severity. Future studies should explore longer intervention durations, larger populations, and advanced diagnostic tools to validate findings and investigate the mechanisms behind exercise-induced changes in intestinal permeability and gut health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bianco
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Laura Prospero
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riezzo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Isabella Franco
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Benedetta D'Attoma
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Antonia Ignazzi
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Nicola Verrelli
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Claudia Beatrice Bagnato
- Laboratory of Movement and Wellness, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Francesco Goscilo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Domenica Mallardi
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Michele Linsalata
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- Data Science Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Pasqua Letizia Pesole
- Core Facility Biobank, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ferro
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy
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16
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Almabruk BA, Bajafar AA, Mohamed AN, Al-Zahrani SA, Albishi NM, Aljarwan R, Aljaser RA, Alghamdi LI, Almutairi TS, Alsolami AS, Alghamdi JK. Efficacy of Probiotics in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e75954. [PMID: 39830577 PMCID: PMC11741147 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.75954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) significantly impacts quality of life. Probiotics offer relief by modulating gut microbiota, but variability in outcomes necessitates a systematic evaluation of their efficacy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in improving symptoms of IBS through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar identified studies published between 2014 and 2018. Inclusion criteria focused on randomized controlled trials evaluating probiotics in adult IBS patients diagnosed using standardized criteria. Statistical analysis utilized random effects models to account for heterogeneity, with subgroup analysis performed for IBS subtypes. This review included 23 studies involving 3,288 participants. Probiotics significantly reduced abdominal pain (mean difference = -1.66, 95% CI = -2.39 to -0.93, p < 0.0001) and bloating (mean difference = -2.13, 95% CI = -3.96 to -0.30, p = 0.0224). Improvement in stool habits was significant (mean difference = -1.52, 95% CI = -2.15 to -0.88, p < 0.0001), particularly in diarrhea-predominant IBS. Quality of life improved significantly, with a mean increase of 8.77 points (95% CI = 0.91 to 16.64, p = 0.028). Adverse events were mild and infrequent. However, heterogeneity was high (I² > 90%), reflecting variability in study protocols. Probiotics are effective in reducing IBS symptoms and improving quality of life, mainly in diarrhea-predominant IBS. More research should be conducted that focuses on standardized, long-term trials to refine treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali A Bajafar
- General Practice, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ahmed N Mohamed
- Critical Care Medicine, SEHA Salma Rehabilitation Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | - Saleh A Al-Zahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Naif M Albishi
- Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Rafeef Aljarwan
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Almas S Alsolami
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Joud K Alghamdi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
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17
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Młynarska E, Wasiak J, Gajewska A, Bilińska A, Steć G, Jasińska J, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Gut Microbiota and Gut-Brain Axis in Hypertension: Implications for Kidney and Cardiovascular Health-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:4079. [PMID: 39683474 DOI: 10.3390/nu16234079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arterial hypertension is a major contributor to a wide range of health complications, with cardiac hypertrophy and chronic kidney disease being among the most prevalent. Consequently, novel strategies for the treatment and prevention of hypertension are actively being explored. Recent research has highlighted a potential link between hypertension and the gut-brain axis. A bidirectional communication between the microbiota and the brain via the vagus nerve, enteric nervous system, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, secreted short-chain fatty acids, and neurotransmitter metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed to identify studies exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and hypertension, along with the effects of dietary interventions and probiotics on blood pressure regulation. DISCUSSION Studies in both animal models and human subjects have demonstrated a strong correlation between alterations in gut microbiota composition and the development of hypertension. By influencing blood pressure, the gut microbiota can potentially affect the progression of cardiovascular and kidney disorders. Modulating gut microbiota through dietary interventions and probiotics has shown promise in regulating blood pressure and reducing systemic inflammation, offering a novel approach to managing hypertension. Diets such as the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids and low in sodium, promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria that support cardiovascular health. Additionally, probiotics have been found to enhance gut barrier function, reduce inflammation, and modulate the Renin-Angiotensin System, all of which contribute to lowering blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms of action of the microbiota in hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of gut microbiota on blood pressure regulation and the progression of hypertension-related complications, such as cardiovascular and kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Wasiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bilińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Greta Steć
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jasińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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18
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Młynarska E, Jakubowska P, Frąk W, Gajewska A, Sornowska J, Skwira S, Wasiak J, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Associations of Microbiota and Nutrition with Cognitive Impairment in Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:3570. [PMID: 39458564 PMCID: PMC11510709 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Recent research highlights the growing interest in the impact of nutrition on cognitive health and function in disease, as dietary habits are increasingly recognized as crucial factors in relation to brain function. This focus is especially important given the rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases and the cognitive decline associated with poor dietary choices. Links are now being sought between brain function and the microbiota and gut-brain axis. Mechanisms are proposed that include low-grade chronic neuroinflammation, the influence of short-chain fatty acids, or the disruption of glial cells and transmitters in the brain. METHODS We reviewed the articles on pubmed. This is not a systematic review, but of the narrative type. We wanted to outline the issue and summarise the latest information. RESULTS The axis in question has its foundation in nutrition. It has been reported that diet, particularly the components and the timing of food intake, has an impact on cognitive processes. The Mediterranean diet is most often cited in the literature as being beneficial to health. In order to obtain a more complete view, it is worth considering other dietary patterns, even those that impair our health. CONCLUSIONS Determining what is beneficial and what is not will allow us to develop a speronized strategy for the prevention of, and fight against, cognitive impairment. Appropriately selected supplements, the functions of which we have also discussed, may prove supportive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Jakubowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Frąk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Sornowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Skwira
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Wasiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Matsuura N, Kanayama M, Watanabe Y, Yamada H, Lili L, Torii A. Effect of Personalized Prebiotic and Probiotic Supplements on the Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Open-Label, Single-Arm, Multicenter Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:3333. [PMID: 39408300 PMCID: PMC11478705 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Prebiotics and probiotics have been reported to improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Nevertheless, the effects of prebiotics/probiotics can vary depending on the IBS subtypes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of personalized prebiotic and probiotic supplements based on intestinal microbiota and IBS subtypes in patients. METHODS Patients with diarrhea-type IBS (IBS-D), constipation-type IBS (IBS-C), and mixed-type IBS (IBS-M) were enrolled (n = 40 per group; total: n = 120). Personalized prebiotic and probiotic supplements were determined according to the IBS subtypes and intestinal microbiota. The patients received supplements for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the IBS-severity scoring system from baseline to week 4. RESULTS The IBS-severity scoring system significantly decreased in all patients (-38.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): -53.6, -22.4]; p < 0.001), in patients with IBS-D (-44.5 [95% CI: -70.6, -18.5]; p = 0.004) and IBS-C (-51.2 [95% CI: -79.4, -22.9]; p = 0.002), but not in those with IBS-M (-20.0 [95% CI: -48.0, 8.1]; p = 0.47). In this study, no serious adverse events were observed that had a causal relationship with the intervention. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, personalized prebiotic and probiotic supplements selected according to individual intestinal microbiota and IBS subtype may alleviate the severity of IBS symptoms, particularly in patients with IBS-C and IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Matsuura
- Institute of Health Science, Health Science Business Division, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Masaya Kanayama
- Institute of Health Science, Health Science Business Division, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuta Watanabe
- Institute of Health Science, Health Science Business Division, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hirokazu Yamada
- Soiken Inc., Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0052, Japan
- EviPRO Co., Ltd., Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0032, Japan
| | - Loukia Lili
- Thorne HealthTech, Inc., New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Akira Torii
- Torii Medical Clinic, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-0066, Japan
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20
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Chojnacki J, Popławski T, Kaczka A, Romanowska N, Chojnacki C, Gąsiorowska A. Assessment of Urinary Dopamine and Serotonin Metabolites in Relation to Dysbiosis Indicators in Patients with Functional Constipation. Nutrients 2024; 16:2981. [PMID: 39275296 PMCID: PMC11397005 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes of functional constipation (FC) in adults are unclear, but changes in the gut microbiome may play an important role. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between urinary metabolites of dopamine and serotonin and some dysbiosis indicators in patients with FC. The study included 40 healthy women and 40 women with FC aged 21-46 years. METHODS Urinary levels of homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (PhAc), and 3-indoxyl sulfate, as final metabolites of dopamine, serotonin, and indole pathway, respectively, were determined using the LC-Ms/Ms method. However, hydrogen-methane and ammonia breath tests were performed. The GA-map Dysbiosis Test was used to identify and characterize the dysbiosis index (DI). RESULTS In patients with FC, the DI was significantly higher than in the control group: 4.05 ± 0.53 vs. 1.52 ± 0.81 points (p < 0.001), but the number of many types of bacteria varied among individuals. The levels of HVA were higher, while 5-HIAA levels were lower in patients. Moreover, the HVA/5-HIAA ratio had a positive correlation with DI as well as with the severity of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS In patients with functional constipation, the balance in dopamine and serotonin secretion is disturbed, which is associated with changes in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Popławski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kaczka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Natalia Romanowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anita Gąsiorowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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21
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Li C, Li J, Zhou Q, Wang C, Hu J, Liu C. Effects of Physical Exercise on the Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:2657. [PMID: 39203794 PMCID: PMC11356817 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Recent studies have underscored the significant role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBS. Physical exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has been proposed to alleviate IBS symptoms by modulating the gut microbiota. Aerobic exercise, such as running, swimming, and cycling, has been shown to enhance the diversity and abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids that possess anti-inflammatory properties and support gut barrier integrity. Studies involving IBS patients participating in structured aerobic exercise programs have reported significant improvements in their gut microbiota's composition and diversity, alongside an alleviation of symptoms like abdominal pain and bloating. Additionally, exercise positively influences mental health by reducing stress and improving mood, which can further relieve IBS symptoms via the gut-brain axis. Long-term exercise interventions provide sustained benefits, maintaining the gut microbiota's diversity and stability, supporting immune functions, and reducing systemic inflammation. However, exercise programs must be tailored to individual needs to avoid exacerbating IBS symptoms. Personalized exercise plans starting with low-to-moderate intensity and gradually increasing in intensity can maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This review examines the impact of various types and intensities of physical exercise on the gut microbiota in IBS patients, highlighting the need for further studies to explore optimal exercise protocols. Future research should include larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and examine the synergistic effects of exercise and other lifestyle modifications. Integrating physical exercise into comprehensive IBS management plans can enhance symptom control and improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Li
- Russian Sports University, Moscow 105122, Russia;
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Tai Chi Culture Handan University, Handan 056005, China;
| | - Qiaorui Zhou
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Can Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Moscow State Normal University, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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22
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Suri C, Pande B, Sahu T, Sahithi LS, Verma HK. Revolutionizing Gastrointestinal Disorder Management: Cutting-Edge Advances and Future Prospects. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3977. [PMID: 38999541 PMCID: PMC11242723 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, remarkable strides have been made in the management of gastrointestinal disorders, transforming the landscape of patient care and outcomes. This article explores the latest breakthroughs in the field, encompassing innovative diagnostic techniques, personalized treatment approaches, and novel therapeutic interventions. Additionally, this article emphasizes the use of precision medicine tailored to individual genetic and microbiome profiles, and the application of artificial intelligence in disease prediction and monitoring. This review highlights the dynamic progress in managing conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastrointestinal cancers. By delving into these advancements, we offer a glimpse into the promising future of gastroenterology, where multidisciplinary collaborations and cutting-edge technologies converge to provide more effective, patient-centric solutions for individuals grappling with gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chahat Suri
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada;
- Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, IngolstädterLandstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492099, India; (B.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Tarun Sahu
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492099, India; (B.P.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, IngolstädterLandstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, 85764 Munich, Germany
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23
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Hospodarskyy I, Hryshchuk L, Boyko T. The possibility of Bacillus probiotic use in patients with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome after COVID-19 infection. Gastroenterology 2024; 58:121-128. [DOI: 10.22141/2308-2097.58.2.2024.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
Background. In Ukraine, one of the most rapidly growing problems of family medicine and gastroenterology is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the beginning of a large-scale military invasion of Ukraine contributed to this. Aim: to optimize the treatment of patients with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome after COVID-19 infection with the use of Bacillus probiotics in the comprehensive treatment. Materials and methods. A simple randomized clinical trial was conducted to study the effectiveness and safety of а 5-strain Bacillus probiotic in patients with post-COVID IBS. A total of 42 patients (26 women and 16 men) aged 26 to 48 years (average of (32 ± 11) years) were examined. The diagnosis of post-infectious IBS was established according to the Rome IV criteria. The severity was assessed using the IBS Symptom Severity Scale. All patients underwent a comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examination, which included general clinical and biochemical blood tests (liver tests, serological tests for infectious markers), stool tests for calprotectin, worm eggs, parasites, and abdominal ultrasonography. Results. In the dynamics of observation, a certain decrease was noted in the severity of clinical symptoms in both groups. But at the same time, after 2 weeks of treatment, there was a tendency to a faster decrease in the severity of symptoms such as abdominal pain, intestinal motility disorders, and flatulence in patients who received the probiotic, although this trend was significant only for flatulence (p < 0.05), but not for abdominal pain and intestinal motility (p > 0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, significantly better indicators regarding the severity of all studied symptoms were found in the group of patients receiving the probiotic (p < 0.05). This difference persisted even 1 month after the end of treatment. Characteristically, during the first two weeks of observation, the number of days per week during which patients did not need to take antispasmodics and/or regulators of intestinal motility significantly decreased in the second group (3.1 ± 0.4 vs 6.7 ± 0.9 in the comparison group, p < 0.05). This difference was even more pronounced after 4 weeks of treatment. It is extremely important that the patients who received the probiotic practically did not need to take symptomatic therapy to eliminate the manifestations of abdominal pain and intestinal motility disorders. The indicated changes and trends persisted one month after the end of treatment. Conclusions. The use of Bacillus probiotic has shown positive results in the treatment of patients with IBS after COVID-19 infection. Its administration contributed to a significantly faster disappearance of the symptoms of post-infectious IBS, such as abdominal pain, flatulence, normalized intestinal motility (p < 0.05 compared to the control group), and also dramatically reduced the need for symptomatic therapy (p < 0.05).
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24
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Barchi A, Vespa E, Passaretti S, Dell’Anna G, Fasulo E, Yacoub MR, Albarello L, Sinagra E, Massimino L, Ungaro F, Danese S, Mandarino FV. The Dual Lens of Endoscopy and Histology in the Diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders-A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:858. [PMID: 38667503 PMCID: PMC11049211 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14080858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGIDs) are a group of conditions characterized by abnormal eosinophil accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract. Among these EGIDs, Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is the most well documented, while less is known about Eosinophilic Gastritis (EoG), Eosinophilic Enteritis (EoN), and Eosinophilic Colitis (EoC). The role of endoscopy in EGIDs is pivotal, with applications in diagnosis, disease monitoring, and therapeutic intervention. In EoE, the endoscopic reference score (EREFS) has been shown to be accurate in raising diagnostic suspicion and effective in monitoring therapeutic responses. Additionally, endoscopic dilation is the first-line treatment for esophageal strictures. For EoG and EoN, while the literature is more limited, common endoscopic findings include erythema, nodules, and ulcerations. Histology remains the gold standard for diagnosing EGIDs, as it quantifies eosinophilic infiltration. In recent years, there have been significant advancements in the histological understanding of EoE, leading to the development of diagnostic scores and the identification of specific microscopic features associated with the disease. However, for EoG, EoN, and EoC, precise eosinophil count thresholds for diagnosis have not yet been established. This review aims to elucidate the role of endoscopy and histology in the diagnosis and management of the three main EGIDs and to analyze their strengths and limitations, their interconnection, and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Barchi
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Edoardo Vespa
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Sandro Passaretti
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Dell’Anna
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Ernesto Fasulo
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Mona-Rita Yacoub
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luca Albarello
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Sinagra
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto S. Raffaele—G. Giglio, 90015 Cefalu, Italy;
| | - Luca Massimino
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Vito Mandarino
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (E.V.); (S.P.); (G.D.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (F.U.); (S.D.)
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25
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Imbrea AM, Balta I, Dumitrescu G, McCleery D, Pet I, Iancu T, Stef L, Corcionivoschi N, Liliana PC. Exploring the Contribution of Campylobacter jejuni to Post-Infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Literature Review. APPLIED SCIENCES 2024; 14:3373. [DOI: 10.3390/app14083373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
This comprehensive review investigates the specific impact of the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) on gastrointestinal health, focusing on its connection to post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). This review examines the pathogen’s pathophysiology, clinical implications and epidemiological trends using recent research and data to highlight its prevalence and association with PI-IBS. A detailed literature analysis synthesizes current research to illuminate Campylobacter’s long-lasting effects on gut microbiota and intestinal function. It provides a detailed analysis of the literature to shed light on C. jejuni’s long-term impact on gut microbiota and intestinal function. The findings suggest the need for multifaceted prevention and treatment approaches considering individual, microbial and epidemiological factors, thus contributing to a more nuanced understanding of PI-IBS following C. jejuni infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Imbrea
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Igori Balta
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabi Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - David McCleery
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK
| | - Ioan Pet
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Iancu
- Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Stef
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street, No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Petculescu-Ciochina Liliana
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Michael I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
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26
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Chojnacki J, Konrad P, Mędrek-Socha M, Kaczka A, Błońska A, Zajdel R, Chojnacki C, Gąsiorowska A. The Variability of Tryptophan Metabolism in Patients with Mixed Type of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2550. [PMID: 38473797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with a mixed type of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M) experience constipation and diarrhea, which alternate between weeks or months. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is still little understood. The aim of the study was mainly to evaluate the urinary excretion of selected tryptophan (TRP) metabolites during the constipation and diarrhea periods of this syndrome. In 36 patients with IBS-M and 36 healthy people, serum serotonin level was measured by ELISA and urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN) and indican (3-IS) were determined using the LC-MS/MS method. The levels of all above metabolites were higher in the patient group, and increased significantly during the diarrheal period of IBS-M. In particular, the changes concerned 5-HIAA (3.67 ± 0.86 vs. 4.59 ± 0.95 mg/gCr, p < 0.001) and 3-IS (80.2 ± 17.4 vs. 93.7 ± 25.1 mg/g/Cr, p < 0.001). These changes coexisted with gut microbiome changes, assessed using hydrogen-methane and ammonia breath tests. In conclusion, the variability of TRP metabolism and the gut microbiome may cause the alternation of IBS-M symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Konrad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Mędrek-Socha
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kaczka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błońska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-255 Lodz, Poland
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anita Gąsiorowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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27
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Pescatori M. Evaluating occult causes of disease: the tricompartmental PNEI approach and the importance of the microbiome. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:36. [PMID: 38381266 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pescatori
- Unità di Colonproctologia, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy.
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Li L, Wang X, Ma R, Hou M. An integrating strategy for systematic profiling of Chinese patent drug's chemicalome and associated metabolome: Huanghou antidiarrhea dropping pills as a case study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1234:124029. [PMID: 38310833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Huanghou antidiarrhea dropping pills (HADP) is an efficient Chinese patent drug that is clinically used to treat diarrhea. However, its functional materials remain unclear due to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, which is a multi-component and multi-target complex system. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic chemical components and combined with in vivo metabolism to reveal the functional material basis of HADP. Spectral behavior (accurate molecular weight and secondary fragmentation) and chromatographic behavior (retention time) were key criterions that throughout the whole research of components identification, prototypes screening, and tissue distribution. Mass defect filter (MDF), characteristic product ion filter (PIF), and neutral loss filter (NLF) were other three criterions for metabolites searching. Consequently, a total of 102 components in HADP, including alkaloids, lignans, lactones, gingerols, and alkaloid complexes were identified or tentatively characterized. About 39 metabolites that related to 37 prototypes were calculated and matched in bio-samples. Among them, 14 prototypes and 18 metabolites were detected distribution in colon, liver, heart, spleen, lung or kidney. This study provides a systematic investigation into the metabolism of HADP and offers effective analytical strategies for the characterization of compounds and metabolites in Chinese patent drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Xuguang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Ruiting Ma
- The Academy of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, China; The Inner Mongolia Mental Health Center, Hohhot 010010, China.
| | - Mingxing Hou
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.
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Skoufou M, Tsigalou C, Vradelis S, Bezirtzoglou E. The Networked Interaction between Probiotics and Intestine in Health and Disease: A Promising Success Story. Microorganisms 2024; 12:194. [PMID: 38258020 PMCID: PMC10818559 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are known to promote human health either precautionary in healthy individuals or therapeutically in patients suffering from certain ailments. Although this knowledge was empirical in past tomes, modern science has already verified it and expanded it to new limits. These microorganisms can be found in nature in various foods such as dairy products or in supplements formulated for clinical or preventive use. The current review examines the different mechanisms of action of the probiotic strains and how they interact with the organism of the host. Emphasis is put on the clinical therapeutic use of these beneficial microorganisms in various clinical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and particularly any malfunction and inflammation of the intestines seriously compromise the health of the whole organism. The interaction between the probiotic strains and the host's microbiota can alleviate the clinical signs and symptoms while in some cases, in due course, it can intervene in the underlying pathology. Various safety issues of the use of probiotics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Skoufou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Proctology Department, Paris Saint Joseph Hospital Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Christina Tsigalou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stergios Vradelis
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Department of Gastrenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Master Program in “Food, Nutrition and Microbiome”, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.T.); (S.V.)
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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